BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1054
          Author:   Chesbro (D)
          Amended:  4/11/13 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 6/5/13
          AYES:  Hernandez, Anderson, Beall, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Monning,  
            Nielsen, Pavley, Wolk

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  75-0, 5/9/13 (Consent) - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Mental health:  skilled nursing facility:   
          reimbursement rate

           SOURCE  :     California Mental Health Directors Association


           DIGEST  :    This bill revises the reimbursement rate by counties  
          to institutions for mental disease (IMDs) licensed as skilled  
          nursing facilities (SNFs) by providing for a 3.5% annual  
          increase rather than a 4.7% annual increase, effective July 1,  
          2014.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1. Defines, in federal law, an IMD as a hospital, nursing  
             facility, or other institution of more than 16 beds that is  
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             primarily engaged in providing diagnosis, treatment, or care  
             of persons with mental diseases, including medical attention,  
             nursing care, and related services. 

          2. Establishes the federal IMD exclusion, which prohibits  
             federal financial participation (FFP) through Medicaid  
             (Medi-Cal in California) for individuals in an IMD between  
             the ages of 22 and 65.  These individuals may still be  
             eligible for state-only Medi-Cal.

          3. Requires the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) to  
             contract with SNFs that have been designated as IMDs to  
             provide services to residents.

          4. Requires ancillary outpatient services, defined as physician  
             services, prescription drugs, laboratory, X-ray, dental,  
             vision, and psychiatric and psychological services, to be  
             covered regardless of the availability of FFP for any  
             eligible patient between the ages of 22 and 65 in an IMD.

          5. Imposes a rate freeze on the following long-term care  
             facilities: SNFs; intermediate care facilities; rural  
             swing-bed facilities; subacute and pediatric subacute care  
             units that are distinct parts of general acute care  
             hospitals; and adult day health centers. 

          6. Requires IMDs licensed as SNFs (SNF IMDs) to be reimbursed  
             for services at the rate established by DHCS.  Mandates,  
             effective July 1, 2008, an annual 4.7% increase in the  
             reimbursement rate for SNF IMDs. 

          7. Imposes a two-year rate freeze for SNF IMDs from July 1,  
             2010, to June 30, 2012.

          This bill:

          1. Requires DHCS, effective July 1, 2014, to increase the  
             reimbursement rate by counties to SNF IMDs by 3.5% annually.

          2. Declares that it is the intent of the Legislature that the  
             annual rate increases be utilized by SNF IMDs to meet direct  
             service costs and, to the extent possible, improve the  
             quality of care rendered to residents in the facilities.


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           Background
           
           IMDs  .  An IMD is a type of inpatient facility that provides care  
          and supervision to individuals who need continuous nursing care.  
           Whether an institution is an IMD is determined by its overall  
          character and whether the facility is established and maintained  
          primarily for the care and treatment of individuals with mental  
          diseases, regardless of whether or not it is licensed as such.   
          According to the Department of Public Health, which licenses  
          SNFs, there are 18 SNF IMDs statewide that will be affected by  
          this bill.  These facilities range in size from 43-220 beds.   
          The average length of stay is 12-15 months with more than 70% of  
          patients staying longer than 60 days. 

           IMD Medicaid Exclusion  .  According to the National Alliance on  
          Mental Illness (NAMI), in the mid-1960, when federal Medicaid  
          was enacted, local psychiatric hospitals housed large numbers of  
          persons with severe mental illness at the (non-federal) public's  
          expense.  At the time, Congress made clear that the new Medicaid  
          dollars were not to supplant this public effort that was already  
          going on with resources from state and local governments.   
          Medicaid matching payments were prohibited for IMDs with a  
          population between the ages of 22 and 64.  This exclusion, in  
          addition to the 1991 Realignment which transferred state  
          responsibility for IMDs to counties, has resulted in counties  
          being required to pay 100% of the cost of IMD services.  IMDs  
          for persons under age 22 or over age 64 are permitted, at state  
          option, to draw down federal Medicaid matching funds.  This  
          leaves inpatient care for the majority of adults with severe  
          mental illness as the sole category that Medicaid will not  
          reimburse except under circumstances, which according to NAMI,  
          narrowly limit choice, and likely compromise quality.  


          IMD Rate History  .  California changed its nursing home Medicaid  
          reimbursement methodology following passage of AB 1629 (Frommer,  
          Chapter 875, Statutes of 2004) the Medi-Cal Long Term Care  
          Reimbursement Act of 2004.  AB 1629, imposes a quality assurance  
          fee (QAF) on SNFs for the purpose of drawing down additional  
          federal funds to provide a Medi-Cal rate increase to SNFs.  In  
          addition, AB 1629 contained a $107 million General Fund  
          appropriation to fund an increase in the 2004-05 SNF Medi-Cal  
          reimbursement rates.  Since AB 1629 will have had a significant  
          fiscal impact on county mental health department reimbursement  

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          to SNF IMDs, AB 360 (Frommer, Chapter 508, Statutes of 2005) was  
          enacted the following year to exempt SNF IMDs certified by the  
          former Department of Mental Health from AB 1629.  AB 360,  
          instead, required that rates for SNF IMDs be the same as  
          Medi-Cal rates in effect on July 1, 2004, and prescribed the  
          following rate increase schedule for SNF IMDs:


           Effective July 1, 2005 through June 30, 2008, an increase of  
            6.5% annually.

           Effective July 1, 2008, an increase of 4.7% annually.  

          Due to the state budget crisis, the State Budget Act of 2009 (AB  
          5X4, Evans, Chapter 5, Statutes of 2009-10 Fourth Extraordinary  
          Session), froze nursing home rates for many licensed facilities,  
          including SNFs and intermediate care facilities, at 2008-09  
          levels, but the rate freeze did not include SNF IMDs, since  
          their costs are borne entirely by counties, leaving counties at  
          continued obligation to pay the mandated annual 4.7% rate  
          increase.  In 2010, AB 2645 (Chesbro, Chapter 554, Statutes of  
          2010) froze SNF IMD rates for two fiscal years from July 1,  
          2010, to June 30, 2012.  Effective July 1, 2012, counties began  
          once again providing these facilities with the 4.7% annual  
          increase.  This bill reduces the mandated rate increase from  
          4.7% to 3.5% for SNF IMDs.

           Prior Legislation  

          AB 97 (Assembly Budget Committee, Chapter 3, Statutes of 2011)  
          reduced Medi-Cal payments for health care providers, including  
          SNFs, by 10%.

          AB 19X1 (Blumenfield, Chapter 4, Statutes of 2011-12 First  
          Extraordinary Session) provided a maximum Medi-Cal rate increase  
          of 2.4% in the 2012-13 rate year.  

          AB 2645 (Chesbro, Chapter 554, Statutes of 2010) imposes a  
          two-year rate freeze for SNF IMDs from July 1, 2010, to June 30,  
          2012.  

          SB 853 (Arambula, Chapter 717, Statutes of 2010) which  
          established a SNF Quality and Accountability Supplemental  
          Payment System, intended to improve the quality and  

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          accountability of care rendered to residents, and to penalize  
          facilities that do not meet measurable standards.

          AB 5X4 (Evans, Chapter 5, Statutes of 2009 Forth Extraordinary  
          Session) freezes the reimbursement rate paid to SNFs, as well as  
          other long-term care facilities. 

          AB 360 (Frommer, Chapter 508, Statutes of 2005) exempts SNF IMDs  
          from the requirement to pay a QAF and prescribes a rate-increase  
          schedule for these facilities.

          AB 1629 (Frommer, Chapter 875, Statutes of 2004) imposes a QAF  
          on SNFs and provides that the funds assessed be made available  
          to draw down a federal match in Medi-Cal and support facility  
          quality improvement efforts in SNFs. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee analysis,  
          this bill will result in negligible costs, if any, to DHCS.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/24/13)

          California Mental Health Directors Association (source)
          California Association of Health Facilities
          California Council of Community Mental Health Agencies
          California State Association of Counties
          Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors
          Orange County Board of Supervisors
          Rural County Representatives of California
          San Francisco Department of Public Health

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author maintains that the reduction  
          to the annual SNF IMD rate increase in this bill will provide  
          needed fiscal relief to counties, while ensuring predictable  
          reimbursement to SNF IMDs at levels that are comparable to the  
          state's Medi-Cal rates for other SNFs.

          The California Mental Health Directors Association (CMHDA), the  
          sponsors of this legislation, write in support that this  
          reduction to the annual SNF IMD rate increase will provide  
          needed fiscal relief to counties, while ensuring predictable  
          reimbursement to SNF IMDs at a level that are comparable to the  

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          state's Medi-Cal rates for other SNFs.  According to CMHDA, the  
          4.7% rate increase in the current fiscal year is costing Los  
          Angeles County $2.6 million, $651,000 in Riverside County,  
          $627,000 in San Francisco County, $450,000 in San Mateo County,  
          and over $396,000 in Orange County.  The California State  
          Association of Counties (CSAC) writes in support that counties  
          recognize the important role that SNF IMDs play in the mental  
          health system and want to ensure continued access to IMD  
          services and treatment.  Both CMHDA and CSAC state that the  
          current automatic annual rate increase is forcing difficult  
          fiscal decisions at the local level, including forcing counties  
          to divert funding from less restrictive community-based  
          outpatient services.

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  75-0, 5/9/13
          AYES: Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Atkins, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Blumenfield, Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown,  
            Buchanan, Ian Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway,  
            Cooley, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier,  
            Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gordon, Gorell, Gray,  
            Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Jones,  
            Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Lowenthal, Maienschein, Mansoor,  
            Medina, Melendez, Mitchell, Morrell, Mullin, Muratsuchi,  
            Nazarian, Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, V. Manuel  
            P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Salas, Skinner, Stone,  
            Ting, Torres, Wagner, Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams,  
            Yamada, John A. P�rez
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Donnelly, Holden, Logue, Waldron, Vacancy


          JL:d  6/25/13   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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