California Legislature—2013–14 Regular Session

Assembly Bill No. 1068

Introduced by Assembly Member Bloom

February 22, 2013

An act to amend Section 49076 of the Education Code, relating to pupil records.

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL’S DIGEST

AB 1068, as introduced, Bloom. Pupil records.

Existing law prohibits a school district from permitting access to pupil records to any person without parental consent or without a judicial order, except to specified persons under certain circumstances, including to a pupil 16 years of age or older or who has completed grade 10.

This bill would additionally permit access to a minor who is 15 years of age or older if the minor meets certain requirements, including that he or she is living separate and apart from his or her parent or guardian, and is managing his or her own financial affairs. By imposing additional duties on school districts, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: yes. State-mandated local program: yes.

The people of the State of California do enact as follows:

SECTION 1.  

Section 49076 of the Education Code is amended
to read:

49076.  

(a) A school district shall not permit access to pupil
records to a person without written parental consent or under
judicial order except as set forth in this section and as permitted
by Part 99 (commencing with Section 99.1) of Title 34 of the Code
of Federal Regulations.

(1) Access to those particular records relevant to the legitimate
educational interests of the requester shall be permitted to the
following:

(A) School officials and employees of the school district,
members of a school attendance review board appointed pursuant
to Section 48321 who are authorized representatives of the school
district, and any volunteer aide, 18 years of age or older, who has
been investigated, selected, and trained by a school attendance
review board for the purpose of providing followup services to
pupils referred to the school attendance review board, provided
that the person has a legitimate educational interest to inspect a
record.

(B) Officials and employees of other public schools or school
systems, including local, county, or state correctional facilities
where educational programs leading to high school graduation are
provided or where the pupil intends to or is directed to enroll,
subject to the rights of parents as provided in Section 49068.

(C) Authorized representatives of the Comptroller General of
the United States, the Secretary of Education, and state and local
educational authorities, or the United States Department of
Education’s Office for Civil Rights, if the information is necessary
to audit or evaluate a state or federally supported education
program, or in connection with the enforcement of, or compliance
with, the federal legal requirements that relate to such a program.
Records released pursuant to this section shall comply with the
requirements of Section 99.35 of Title 34 of the Code of Federal
Regulations.

(D) Other state and local officials to the extent that information
is specifically required to be reported pursuant to state law adopted
before November 19, 1974.

(E) Parents of a pupil 18 years of age or older who is a
dependent as defined in Section 152 of Title 26 of the United States
Code.

(F) A pupil 16 years of age or older or having completed the
10th grade who requests access.

(G) A district attorney who is participating in or conducting a
truancy mediation program pursuant to Section 48263.5, or Section
601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, or participating in the
presentation of evidence in a truancy petition pursuant to Section
681 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

(H) A district attorney’s office for consideration against a parent
or guardian for failure to comply with the Compulsory Education
Law (Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 48200)) or with
Compulsory Continuation Education (Chapter 3 (commencing
with Section 48400)).

(I) (i) A probation officer, district attorney, or counsel of record
for a minor for purposes of conducting a criminal investigation or
an investigation in regards to declaring a person a ward of the court
or involving a violation of a condition of probation.

(ii) For purposes of this subparagraph, a probation officer,
district attorney, and counsel of record for a minor shall be deemed
to be local officials for purposes of Section 99.31(a)(5)(i) of Title
34 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(iii) Pupil records obtained pursuant to this subparagraph shall
be subject to the evidentiary rules described in Section 701 of the
Welfare and Institutions Code.

(J) A judge or probation officer for the purpose of conducting
a truancy mediation program for a pupil, or for purposes of
presenting evidence in a truancy petition pursuant to Section 681
of the Welfare and Institutions Code. The judge or probation officer
shall certify in writing to the school district that the information
will be used only for truancy purposes. A school district releasing
pupil information to a judge or probation officer pursuant to this
subparagraph shall inform, or provide written notification to, the
parent or guardian of the pupil within 24 hours of the release of
the information.

(K) A county placing agency when acting as an authorized
representative of a state or local educational agency pursuant to
subparagraph (C). School districts, county offices of education,
and county placing agencies may develop cooperative agreements
to facilitate confidential access to and exchange of the pupil
information by email, facsimile, electronic format, or other secure
means, provided the agreement complies with the requirements
set forth in Section 99.35 of Title 34 of the Code of Federal
Regulations.

begin insert

(L) A minor 15 years of age or older who meets both of the
following requirements:

end insert begin insert

(i) The minor is living separate and apart from his or her parents
or guardian, whether it is with or without the consent of a parent
or guardian, and regardless of the duration of the separation.

end insert begin insert

(ii) The minor is managing his or her own financial affairs,
regardless of the minor’s source of income.

end insert

(2) School districts may release information from pupil records
to the following:

(A) Appropriate persons in connection with an emergency if
the knowledge of the information is necessary to protect the health
or safety of a pupil or other persons. Schools or school districts
releasing information pursuant to this section shall comply with
the requirements set forth in Section 99.32(a)(5) of Title 34 of the
Code of Federal Regulations.

(B) Agencies or organizations in connection with the application
of a pupil for, or receipt of, financial aid. However, information
permitting the personal identification of a pupil or his or her parents
may be disclosed only as may be necessary for purposes as to
determine the eligibility of the pupil for financial aid, to determine
the amount of the financial aid, to determine the conditions which
will be imposed regarding the financial aid, or to enforce the terms
or conditions of the financial aid.

(C) Pursuant to Section 99.37 of Title 34 of the Code of Federal
Regulations, a county elections official, for the purpose of
identifying pupils eligible to register to vote, or for conducting
programs to offer pupils an opportunity to register to vote. The
information shall not be used for any other purpose or given or
transferred to any other person or agency.

(D) Accrediting associations in order to carry out their
accrediting functions.

(E) Organizations conducting studies for, or on behalf of,
educational agencies or institutions for the purpose of developing,
validating, or administering predictive tests, administering student
aid programs, and improving instruction, if the studies are
conducted in a manner that will not permit the personal
identification of pupils or their parents by persons other than
representatives of the organizations, the information will be
destroyed when no longer needed for the purpose for which it is
obtained, and the organization enters into a written agreement with
the educational agency or institution that complies with Section
99.31(a)(6) of Title 34 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(F) Officials and employees of private schools or school systems
where the pupil is enrolled or intends to enroll, subject to the rights
of parents as provided in Section 49068 and in compliance with
the requirements in Section 99.34 of Title 34 of the Code of Federal
Regulations. This information shall be in addition to the pupil’s
permanent record transferred pursuant to Section 49068.

(G) (i) A contractor or consultant with a legitimate educational
interest who has a formal written agreement or contract with the
school district regarding the provision of outsourced institutional
services or functions by the contractor or consultant.

(ii) Notwithstanding Section 99.31(a)(1)(i)(B) of Title 34 of the
Code of Federal Regulations, a disclosure pursuant to this
paragraph shall not be permitted to a volunteer or other party.

(3) A person, persons, agency, or organization permitted access
to pupil records pursuant to this section shall not permit access to
any information obtained from those records by another person,
persons, agency, or organization, except for allowable exceptions
contained within the federal Family Educational Rights and Privacy
Act of 2001 (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g) and state law, without the
written consent of the pupil’s parent. This paragraph does not
require prior parental consent when information obtained pursuant
to this section is shared with other persons within the educational
institution, agency, or organization obtaining access, so long as
those persons have a legitimate educational interest in the
information pursuant to Section 99.31(a)(1)(i)(A) of Title 34 of
the Code of Federal Regulations.

(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a school district,
including a county office of education or county superintendent
of schools, may participate in an interagency data information
system that permits access to a computerized database system
within and between governmental agencies or school districts as
to information or records that are nonprivileged, and where release
is authorized as to the requesting agency under state or federal law
or regulation, if each of the following requirements begin delete are end delete begin insert is end insert met:

(A) Each agency and school district shall develop security
procedures or devices by which unauthorized personnel cannot
access data contained in the system.

(B) Each agency and school district shall develop procedures
or devices to secure privileged or confidential data from
unauthorized disclosure.

(C) Each school district shall comply with the access log
requirements of Section 49064.

(D) The right of access granted shall not include the right to
add, delete, or alter data without the written permission of the
agency holding the data.

(E) An agency or school district shall not make public or
otherwise release information on an individual contained in the
database if the information is protected from disclosure or release
as to the requesting agency by state or federal law or regulation.

(b) The officials and authorities to whom pupil records are
disclosed pursuant to subdivision begin delete (f) end delete begin insert (e) end insert of Section 48902 and
subparagraph (I) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) shall certify
in writing to the disclosing school district that the information
shall not be disclosed to another party, except as provided under
the federal Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 2001
(20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g) and state law, without the prior written
consent of the parent of the pupil or the person identified as the
holder of the pupil’s educational rights.

(c) (1) Any person or party who is not permitted access to pupil
records pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b) may request access to
pupil records as provided for in paragraph (2).

(2) A local educational agency or other person or party who has
received pupil records, or information from pupil records, may
release the records or information to a person or party identified
in paragraph (1) without the consent of the pupil’s parent or
guardian pursuant to Section 99.31(b) of Title 34 of the Code of
Federal Regulations, if the records or information are deidentified,
which requires the removal of all personally identifiable
information, provided that the disclosing local educational agency
or other person or party has made a reasonable determination that
a pupil’s identity is not personally identifiable, whether through
single or multiple releases, and has taken into account other
pertinent reasonably available information.

SEC. 2.  

If the Commission on State Mandates determines that
this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to
local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made
pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division
4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.