BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1076
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          Date of Hearing:   April 3, 2013

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Joan Buchanan, Chair
                     AB 1076 (Olsen) - As Amended:  April 1, 2013
           
          SUBJECT  :   School safety:  panic buttons

           SUMMARY  :   Specifies that if federal funding becomes available,  
          the governing board of each school district and each county  
          superintendent of schools shall equip the interior of each  
          classroom, cafeteria, theater, gym, and any other regularly used  
          space, except a parking lot, in a public school serving pupils  
          in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, with a  
          panic button to be used to alert local law enforcement in the  
          event of a violent incident.  Specifies that for purposes of  
          this bill, a panic button is a device that alerts local law  
          enforcement to arrive on scene, and that sends out a public  
          alarm throughout the school when pressed.  Specifies that a  
          school district that complies with this bill and maintains the  
          functionality of the panic button shall be immune from liability  
          if the panic button fails to activate due to circumstances  
          beyond the school district's control.  

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires, under the School Facility Program, all new  
            construction projects to include an automatic fire detection,  
            alarm, and sprinkler system, and all modernization projects in  
            excess of $200,000 to include an automatic fire detection and  
            alarm system. (Education Code (EC) Sections 17074.50 and  
            17074.52)

          2)Expresses the intent of the Legislature that if federal  
            funding becomes available, the governing board of each school  
            district and each county superintendent of schools equip  
            schools with two-way communication devices to be installed in  
            kindergarten through grade 12 classrooms.  The communication  
            devices shall be for the use of teachers or other employees or  
            agents of the school in the event of a medical emergency or  
            violent crime in the classroom.  Specifies that "two-way  
            communication devices" include, but are not limited to  
            telephones, intercoms, walkie-talkie, or portable radios.  (EC  
            32225 and 32226)









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           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  Since the December 14, 2012 shooting at Sandy Hook  
          Elementary in Newton, Connecticut where a gunman killed 20 first  
          graders and six adults before shooting himself, the President,  
          Congress, States, and school districts across the country have  
          renewed their attention on school safety.  This bill requires  
          any regularly used space, including the interior of each  
          classroom, cafeteria, theater, and gym, in any kindergarten  
          through grade 12 school, or county school to be installed with  
          panic buttons, if federal funding becomes available for this  
          purpose.  A panic button is defined as a device that alerts  
          local law enforcement and that sends out a public alarm  
          throughout the school when pressed.  According to the National  
          Review Online, schools in Arizona, Connecticut, Florida,  
          Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, Ohio, and  
          Pennsylvania are considering the installation of panic buttons.   
          Schools in Marietta, Georgia have installed panic buttons, while  
          a bill in the state of Washington has been introduced to  
          provide, among others, $5 million for panic buttons.  

          In California, at least one school district, Glendale Unified  
          School District, has begun the installation of "silent alarms"  
          at all school sites.  The local governing board had been  
          deliberating security measures even prior to the December  
          shooting.  After the shooting and upon consultation with local  
          law enforcement, who raised concerns about false alarms, the  
          district decided to augment its existing building alarm system  
          rather than installing a new system linked to law enforcement.   
          A button will be installed in the main office area of each  
          school site that will be linked to an alarm monitoring company.   
          If triggered, the alarm monitoring company will immediately  
          contact law enforcement agencies.  The district estimates the  
          cost at less than $1000 per site to add the additional alarm.   
          The cost would be higher if the district didn't already have  
          alarm systems at each school site.            

          In January, President Obama proposed a package of initiatives to  
          improve school safety, including $150 million for the  
          Comprehensive School Safety Program for school districts and law  
          enforcement agencies to hire school resource officers, school  
          psychologists, social workers, and counselors.  The  
          Comprehensive School Safety Grants can also be used to purchase  
          school safety equipment, develop and update public safety plans,  
          conduct threat assessments, and train "crisis intervention  








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          teams" of law enforcement officers to work with the mental  
          health community to respond to and assist students in crisis.   
          This proposal has not yet been introduced in Congress.  There  
          may be more information after the President releases his  
          proposed budget on April 10th.  

          This bill would potentially require school districts to use all  
          federal funds for panic buttons, even though federal funds  
          appear to provide flexibility for a variety of school safety  
          uses.  The bill is also very specific about the type of panic  
          buttons to be used.  In addition to buttons that are installed  
          on walls or desks, there are also panic buttons that are  
          portable and can be worn around the necks of principals and  
          school staff.  In addition, other safety measures, such as  
          inside door locks, communication systems, or fences may be more  
          valuable to some schools.  The needs of schools in various  
          geographical area will also vary.  The Committee may wish to  
          consider whether districts should have flexibility in  
          determining how to use federal funds if they materialize.  The  
          Committee may also wish to consider whether a school district  
          should have flexibility in determining an appropriate type of  
          panic button and where panic buttons should be placed.  Staff  
          recommends changing the requirement to an authorization.  

           Arguments in Support  .  The author states, "Panic buttons are an  
          additional level of defense in making the school community aware  
          of an emergency situation.  When a panic button is pressed, a  
          direct link would dispatch law enforcement and alarms would  
          sound, alerting others on the school campus of an emergency -  
          all in one quick step.  AB 1076 will help create a safer  
          environment for students, teachers and administrators on  
          campuses.  While violence can happen at any time, and it is  
          impossible to entirely prevent all acts of school violence,  
          teachers and administrators should be properly equipped with the  
          most functional and accessible equipment to alert authorities  
          and others in the event of an emergency."

          Arguments in Opposition  .  CSAC Excess Insurance Authority, a  
          California Joint Powers Authority, states, "AB 1076, while we  
          believe is meant for the best, will unfortunately place  
          additional duties upon already financially struggling schools,  
          and we believe will deter from a school's mission to provide a  
          safe learning and working environment without fear.  The  
          requirements to maintain, update, and train staff in the use of  
          panic button would be left to individual schools to bear the  








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          cost.  Additionally, the increased liability exposure from  
          use/non-use of these devices would be left as a burden for  
          school districts to bear.  We could also anticipate that the  
          number of false alarms resulting from these devices could take  
          already stretched police departments from their regular work  
          safeguarding communities."
           
           Related legislation  .  A number of school safety bills have been  
          introduced this year:  AB 202 (Donnelly), pending in this  
          Committee, establishes the School Marshal Plan and authorizes  
          school districts, county offices of education, and charter  
          schools to use general purpose funds to provide training for  
          school marshals.

          AB 549 (Jones-Sawyer), pending in this Committee, requires the  
          comprehensive school safety plan to establish guidelines for the  
          roles and responsibilities of police officers on campus.  

          AB 514 (Bonta), pending in this Committee, requires the  
          Superintendent of Public Instruction to include on his Internet  
          Web site a list of statewide resources for youth that have been  
          affected by gangs, gun violence, and psychological trauma.  

          AB 699 (Donnelly), pending in this Committee, gives a parent or  
          guardian of a public elementary or secondary school pupil the  
          option to remove his or her child from an unsafe school and  
          enroll his or her child in another school within the same school  
          district or a school in another district if no safe school  
          exists in the district.    

          AB 1264 (Conway), also on today's agenda, requires school  
          districts and county offices of education to adopt a tactical  
          response plan in the school safety plan, publicly announce its  
          adoption or update of a tactical response plan, develop a  
          protocol for teachers to provide notification of pupils  
          identified as having a potential mental health issue, and  
          requires the annual audit of school district funds to include a  
          summary of the extent to which a local educational agency has  
          complied with the requirement to develop a comprehensive school  
          safety plan.  

          SB 49 (Lieu), pending in the Senate Education Committee, adds  
          procedures related to individuals with guns on school campuses  
          and at school-related functions as a requirement in the school  
          safety plan, requires charter schools to develop a school safety  








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          plan, requires the annual audit of school district funds to  
          include a summary of the extent to which a local educational  
          agency (LEA) has complied with the requirement to develop a  
          comprehensive school safety plan, and requires the  
          Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to withhold the next  
          principal apportionment from a LEA if the SPI receives an audit  
          report that finds that the LEA has not complied with the  
          requirement that each school develop a school safety plan, or  
          the SPI finds that a superintendent of a school district or  
          county office of education has failed to provide written  
          notification to the SPI identifying the schools that had not  
          complied.  

          SB 316 (Block), pending in the Senate Education Committee,  
          requires all modernization projects submitted to the Division of  
          State Architect, and the governing board of each school district  
          and each county superintendent of schools to, by January 1,  
          2015, equip the doors of every classroom and every room with an  
          occupancy of five or more persons with locks that allow the  
          doors to be locked from the inside.

          SB 561 (Fuller), pending in the Senate Education Committee,  
          prohibits a student who has been expelled for specified actions  
          from enrolling in any other school or school district during the  
          period of expulsion unless he or she has undergone a mental  
          health evaluation conducted by a licensed clinical psychologist,  
          and the school at which he or she enrolls is a county community  
          school or a juvenile court school or a community day school.

          SB 605 (Lara), pending in the Senate Rules Committee, expresses  
          the intent of the Legislature to enact legislation that would  
          establish criteria for, and provide for the identification of,  
          persistently dangerous schools. 

          SB 634 (Price), pending in the Senate Education Committee,  
          requires a comprehensive school safety plan to establish minimum  
          requirements and standards for schools to follow when conducting  
          school safety drills and reviewing school emergency and crisis  
          response plans, requires all school districts and county offices  
          of education to incorporate specified safety drills into their  
          school safety plan, and requires each school to conduct two  
          school evacuation drills and one law enforcement school lockdown  
          drill during each school year.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   








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           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          CSAC EIA
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sophia Kwong Kim / ED. / (916) 319-2087