BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1090
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 8, 2013

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                    AB 1090 (Fong) - As Amended:  April 10, 2013 

          Policy Committee:                              ElectionsVote:4-2

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill provides the Fair Political Practices Commission  
          (FPPC) with new authority and responsibility regarding  
          enforcement of Government Code Section 1090, dealing with  
          conflict-of-interest in contracting decisions by elected and  
          appointed officials. Specifically, this bill:

          1)Makes violation of Section 1090 by an elected or appointed  
            official subject to an administrative or civil action brought  
            by the FPPC in addition to the existing criminal penalty for  
            such violations.

          2)Prohibits the FPPC from initiating an administrative or civil  
            action per the above (a) absent a written authorization from  
            the district attorney where the alleged violation occurred, or  
            (b) if the Attorney General (AG) or a district attorney is  
            pursuing a criminal prosecution.

          3)Authorizes a person subject to the conflict-of-interest  
            prohibitions to request an opinion from the FPPC, which the  
            commission may provide by opinion or formal/informal advice.

          4)Requires the FPPC, upon receipt of a formal complaint alleging  
            a Section 1090 violation, to investigate the allegation, and  
            prohibits the commission from making a finding of probable  
            cause of a violation prior to notifying the person alleged to  
            have made the violation. The FPPC is required to hold a  
            hearing following a finding of probable cause.

          5)Prohibits the FPPC from commencing an administrative action  
            for a violation if the commission is already pursuing a civil  
            action regarding the same matter, and vice versa.








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          6)Makes a person held liable for a violation of the  
            conflict-of-interest statute subject to a civil penalty of up  
            to three times the value of the financial benefit to the  
            person.

          7)Authorize the FPPC to obtain a judgment in superior court to  
            collect unpaid penalties or fees.

          8)Authorizes the FPPC, if the all means of judicial review of a  
            final commission order or decision are exhausted, to apply to  
            the superior court clerk for a judgment to collect penalties  
            imposed by the order or decision regarding a Section 1090  
            violation. 
          
           FISCAL EFFECT  

          Any additional costs to the FPPC will be minor and absorbable,  
          and offset to some extent by fine and penalty revenues.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Background  . The conflict of interest laws in the  
            Political Reform Act (PRA) apply broadly to all types of  
            governmental decisions.  A separate conflict of interest  
            law-Government Code Section 1090-applies only to  
            contracting decisions, and generally prohibits a public  
            official or employee from making a contract in his or her  
            official capacity in which he or she has a financial  
            interest.  In addition, a public body or board is  
            prohibited from making a contract in which any member of  
            the body or board has a financial interest, even if that  
            member does not participate in the making of the  
            contract. (The prohibitions contained Section 1090 date  
            back to the second session of the Legislature (Chapter  
            136, Statutes of 1851).) 

            Unlike the conflict of interest rules contained in the  
            PRA, the FPPC does not have a role in enforcing Section  
            1090.  Instead, enforcement actions under this statute  
            may be brought only by the AG or a county district  
            attorney.  Furthermore, unlike the PRA, which can be  
            enforced through criminal, civil, or administrative  
            actions, Section 1090 can be enforced only through  
            criminal prosecutions. Because contracting decisions fall  








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            within the broader conflict of interest rules contained  
            in the PRA, however, the FPPC nonetheless can and does  
            bring enforcement actions under the PRA for conflicts of  
            interest that arise in the context of contracting  
            decisions.

            Various provisions of state law provide exceptions to, or  
            limitations on, Section 1090.  Given the complexity of  
            Section 1090 and the various exceptions to, and  
            limitations on, that section, it can be difficult for a  
            public board or body to determine whether or not a member  
            has an impermissible financial interest in a contract  
            made by the board or body.  The AG and county district  
            attorneys have enforcement authority over Section 1090,  
            but neither the AG nor district attorneys typically give  
            legal opinions on the application of this statute.

           2)Purpose  . AB 1090 is intended to improve enforcement of  
            the state's conflict of interest laws by allowing the  
            FPPC to bring civil or administrative enforcement actions  
            in response to violations of Section 1090. Given the  
            similarity between the PRA and Section 1090, authorizing  
            the FPPC to provide opinions and advice regarding Section  
            1090, and to bring civil and administrative enforcement  
            actions for violations of Section 1090, may result in  
            greater consistency in the enforcement of these conflict  
            of interest laws and may make it easier for public  
            officials acting in good faith to comply.

           3)Opposition  . The Association of California Water Agencies  
            argues that existing criminal sanctions for violations of  
            Section 1090 are sufficient.

           4)Related Legislation  . AB 552 (Fong), also on today's  
            committee agenda, contains a similar provision to this  
            bill in providing the FPPC with an expedited process to  
            obtain a court judgment to collect penalties imposed by  
            an FPPC enforcement order under the PRA.

           5)Prior Legislation  . AB 1558 (Wolk) of 2005 and AB 3003  
            (Hayashi) of 2008 both authorized a pilot project for the  
            FPPC to provide written opinions on Section 1090. AB 1558  
            was held on Suspense in Senate Appropriations and AB 3003  
            was held on this committee's Suspense file. The  
            commission indicates that issues raised under 1090 are  








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            very similar to its current conflict of interest cases  
            and advice requests, which are processed with existing  
            resources. The commission also has additional staff  
            resources at this time.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Chuck Nicol / APPR. / (916) 319-2081