BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1128
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          Date of Hearing:   April 24, 2013

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                              Hall III, Isadore, Chair
                    AB 1128 (Salas) - As Amended:  April 18, 2013
          
          SUBJECT  :   Alcoholic beverages: underage drinking.

           SUMMARY  :    Creates an alternate misdemeanor-felony (wobbler),  
          as specified, for any person who furnishes or sells alcohol to a  
          minor who thereafter causes death or great bodily injury (GBI),  
          as specified.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)  Provides that a person who by selling to, purchases any  
          alcoholic beverage for, furnishes, gives, or gives away any  
          alcoholic beverage to, a person under 21 years of age who  
          thereafter consumes the alcohol and then causes great bodily  
          injury or death to himself, herself, or any other person is  
          guilty of a misdemeanor or felony (wobbler).

          2)  Any person who violates this statute shall be punished by  
          either imprisonment in a county jail for a minimum term of six  
          months not to exceed one year, by a fine of one thousand dollars  
          ($1,000), or by both imprisonment and fine or a felony  
          punishable by a term of imprisonment in a county jail for 16  
          months, or two to three years.

          3)  Provides a retail employee of a licensee shall not be  
          subject to felony prosecution under this bill for the sale of  
          any alcoholic beverage to a person under 21 years of age unless  
          the retail employee knew the person to whom the alcoholic  
          beverage was sold was under 21 years of age.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)  States that every person who sells, furnishes, gives, or  
          causes to be sold, furnished, or given away, any alcoholic  
          beverage to any person under the age of 21 years is guilty of a  
          misdemeanor. 

          2)  States that any person who violates existing law by  
          purchasing any alcoholic beverage for, or furnishing, giving, or  
          giving away any alcoholic beverage to, a person under the age of  
          21 years, and the person under the age of 21 years thereafter  
          consumes the alcohol and thereby proximately causes great bodily  








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          injury or death to himself, herself, or any other person is  
          guilty of a misdemeanor.  Any person who violates this provision  
          shall be punished by either imprisonment in a county jail for a  
          minimum term of six months not to exceed one year, by a fine of  
          one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both imprisonment and fine.  
           

          3)  Provides that any on-sale licensee who knowingly permits a  
          person under the age of 21 years to consume any alcoholic  
          beverage in the on-sale premises, whether or not the licensee  
          has knowledge that the person is under the age of 21 years, is  
          guilty of a misdemeanor.  

          4)  Provides that except as provided by law, any person who  
          violates existing law by furnishing an alcoholic beverage, or  
          causing an alcoholic beverage to be furnished, to a minor shall  
          be punished by a fine of $1,000, no part of which shall be  
          suspended, and the person shall be required to perform not less  
          than 24 hours of community service during hours when the person  
          is not employed and is not attending school. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :  
           
          Background  :  In California, to purchase, consume or possess  
          alcoholic beverages the age of majority is 21.  Under current  
          law, a minor can be arrested for purchasing, consuming or  
          possessing alcoholic beverages, which constitutes a misdemeanor.  
           Any person under the age of 21 years, who attempts to purchase  
          any alcoholic beverage from a licensee, or the licensee's agent  
          or employee, is guilty of an infraction and shall be punished by  
          a fine of not more than $100.  The penalty for a person who  
          furnishes alcohol to a minor is a minimum $1,000 fine and 24  
          hours of community service.  If a person buys alcohol and  
          furnishes it to a minor who consumes it and causes great bodily  
          injury or death to himself or others, the furnisher faces a  
          minimum 6-12 months in county jail and a $1,000 fine.  

          Over the years, the Legislature has enacted legislation to  
          increase penalties on licensees, clerks and others making  
          illegal sales of alcohol to minors.  The changes in law include  
          a provision which revokes a liquor license if the licensee makes  
          three sales of alcohol to a minor within a three-year period.   
          Clerks that make sales of alcohol to minors are guilty of  








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          misdemeanors and possibly subject to $1,000 fines.  There is  
          growing sentiment that minors and other young adults should be  
          held more accountable in their commission of these acts.  
           
          Furnishing or Giving Alcohol to a Person under 21  :  Existing law  
          makes it a misdemeanor for any person who sells, furnishes,  
          gives, or causes to be sold, furnished, or given away, any  
          alcoholic beverage to any person under the age of 21 years.  Any  
          person under the age of 21 years who purchases any alcoholic  
          beverage, or any person under the age of 21 years who consumes  
          any alcoholic beverage in any on-sale premises, is guilty of a  
          misdemeanor.

          Any person who purchases any alcoholic beverage for, or  
          furnishes, gives, or gives away any alcoholic beverage to, a  
          person under the age of 21 years, and the person under the age  
          of 21 years thereafter consumes the alcohol and thereby  
          proximately causes great bodily injury or death to himself,  
          herself, or any other person, is guilty of a misdemeanor. 

          The key issue of this bill is should the crime of selling to,  
          purchasing any alcoholic beverage for, or furnishing, giving, or  
          giving away any alcoholic beverage to, a person under 21 years  
          of age, and the person under 21 years of age thereafter consumes  
          the alcohol and thereby proximately causes great bodily injury  
          or death to himself, herself, or any other person, be increased  
          from a misdemeanor to a wobbler?

          Under this bill, a retail employee would not be subject to  
          felony prosecution for the sale of an alcoholic beverage to a  
          person under the age of 21 years unless the retail employee knew  
          the person was under the age of 21 years.
           
          Purpose of the bill  :  According to the author's office, this  
          bill has been introduced to increase the penalty for those who  
          provide underage drinkers with alcohol and those under-age  
          drinkers then go on to proximately cause great bodily injury or  
          death to someone as a result of their illegal intoxication.  Our  
          state must send a strong message to irresponsible adults that  
          their reckless and complicit action in contributing to the  
          dangerous intoxication of under-age persons will not result in a  
          minor slap on the wrist, especially when their action leads to  
          the death or great bodily injury of another.

          According to the author, "on August 31, 2012, a student at  








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          Fresno State University drank to the point of death at an off  
          campus fraternity party.  The deceased student was one of 12  
          underage students who were provided alcohol by three individuals  
          ages 22, 24, and 28. According to Fresno Police Chief Jerry  
          Dyer, two of the individuals bought eight bottles of distilled  
          spirits, and took a group of pledges into the "trophy room" at  
          the fraternity house.  Chief Dyer reported the deceased underage  
          student was taken to another room at some point, where "sober  
          brothers" would keep an eye on him.  It was about 1:30 a.m. when  
          the victim was found to be "unresponsive." He later died in a  
          hospital.  In a press release, Fresno D.A. Elizabeth Egan said,  
          "sadly, the fact is that the death was 100 percent preventable."

          According to background provided by the author, a study  
          conducted by the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation  
          (PIRE) cited several issues that were included in their study of  
          costs of underage drinking to California such as violence,  
          property crime and high risk sex.  Nearly $3.8 million went  
          toward youth violence (homicide, suicide, aggravated assault)  
          and traffic crashes related to youth drinking accounted for $1.1  
          million, according to the study. Health issues were also  
          represented in the findings such as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)  
          among teen mothers, which ended up costing the state $152  
          million.  Nearly 1.4 million minors consume alcohol each year in  
          California.

          The author's office points out, in 2009, an estimated 141  
          traffic fatalities and 7,552 nonfatal traffic injuries were  
          attributable to driving after underage drinking.  In 2009, an  
          estimated 239 homicides; 141,500 nonfatal violent crimes such as  
          rape, robbery, and assault; 179,000 property crimes including  
          burglary, larceny, and car theft were attributable to underage  
          drinking.

          Most recently, on March 18 2013, a statewide "tap shoulder"  
          operation using decoy minors to solicit the purchase of alcohol  
          to minors resulted in 506 arrests in California.  The single day  
          operation surpassed the number of arrests from the previous year  
          of 436 arrests. 
           
          Double-referral  :  This measure is double-referred to the  
          Assembly Committee on Public Safety.

           Prior legislation  :  AB 1658 (S. Runner), Chapter 743, Statutes  
          of 2007.  Increased the fines for trying to purchase alcohol by  








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          persons under 21 years old and manufacturing of false IDs and  
          licenses.

          AB 1657 (S. Runner), 2007-2008 Regular Session.  Would have it a  
          wobbler to purchase alcohol for, or furnish, give or give away  
          any alcoholic beverage to, a person the provider knew or  
          reasonably should have known to be under the age of 21 years,  
          and the person under the age of 21 consumes the alcohol and  
          thereby proximately causes great bodily injury or death to  
          himself, herself or any other person and the provider should  
          have known of the danger.  (Failed Senate Public Safety  
          Committee)

          AB 2967 (S. Runner), 2005-2006 Regular Session.  Would have made  
          it a wobbler to purchase alcohol for, furnish, give or give away  
          any alcoholic beverage to a person the provider knew or  
          reasonably should have known to be under the age of 21 years,  
          and the person under the age of 21 consumes the alcohol and  
          thereby proximately causes great bodily injury or death to  
          himself, herself or any other person and the provider should  
          have known of the danger. (Failed Senate Public Safety  
          Committee)

          AB 454 (S. Runner), 2005-2006 Regular Session.  Would have made  
          it a wobbler to purchase alcohol for, furnish, give or give away  
          any alcoholic beverage to a person the provider knew or  
          reasonably should have known to be under the age of 21 years,  
          and the person under the age of 21 consumes the alcohol and  
          thereby proximately causes great bodily injury or death to  
          himself, herself or any other person and the provider should  
          have known of the danger.  (Failed Senate Public Safety  
          Committee)

          AB 2037 (La Suer), Chapter 291, Statutes of 2004.  Provides the  
          same liability for furnishing or giving alcohol to a person  
          under 21 years of age as there currently is for purchasing  
          alcohol for a person under 21 years of age when the person under  
          21 drinks the alcohol and proximately causes injury or death.

          AB 1301 (Simitian), Chapter. 625, Statutes 2003.  Created a  
          misdemeanor for permitting a person under the age of 18 to  
          consume alcohol or a controlled substance at the home of the  
          adult or legal guardian, as specified.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   








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           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          None on file

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Eric Johnson / G. O. / (916) 319-2531