BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de León, Chair


          AB 1128 (Salas) - Alcoholic beverages: underage drinking.
          
          Amended: July 9, 2013           Policy Vote: Public Safety 7-0
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: Yes
          Hearing Date: August 12, 2013                           
          Consultant: Jolie Onodera       
          
          This bill does not meet the criteria for referral to the  
          Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: AB 1128 would revise the crimes and penalties for  
          providing an alcoholic beverage to a person under 21 years of  
          age, as follows:
              Requires that the acts of selling, furnishing, giving, or  
              causing to be sold, furnished, or given away any alcoholic  
              beverage to a person under 21 years of age, be performed  
              knowingly in order to be considered a misdemeanor.
              Increases the penalty from a misdemeanor to an alternate  
              felony/misdemeanor (wobbler) for a person who knowingly  
              purchases for, furnishes, gives, or gives away an alcoholic  
              beverage to a person under 21 years of age who consumes the  
              alcohol and thereby proximately causes death or great bodily  
              injury (GBI) to himself/herself or another. For a person who  
              committed the act and knew the person was under 21 years of  
              age, the offense would be a felony, as specified. 
              Adds the act of 'selling' to the existing misdemeanor which  
              becomes a wobbler under the provisions of this bill for acts  
              resulting in death or GBI.
              Provides that a licensee or employee, agent, or  
              representative of a licensee is not subject to felony  
              prosecution for the sale, furnishing, giving, or giving away  
              of an alcoholic beverage to a person under 21 years of age  
              unless the licensee, employee, agency, or representative had  
              actual prior knowledge that the person to whom the alcoholic  
              beverage was provided was under 21 years of age.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Potential minor increase in state incarceration costs,  
              likely less than $50,000 (General Fund) annually, for  
              increased state prison commitments to the extent felony  
              convictions under this measure sentenced pursuant to PC §  








          AB 1128 (Salas)
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              1170(h) occur for individuals convicted of a prior serious  
              or violent felony.
              Ongoing non-reimbursable local enforcement and  
              incarceration costs offset to a degree by fine revenue.
              While the impact of this bill independently on local jails  
              is likely to be minor, the cumulative effect of new or  
              expanded crimes impacting jail overcrowding could create  
              General Fund cost pressure on capital outlay, staffing,  
              programming, the courts, and other resources in the context  
              of criminal justice realignment.

          Background: Existing law provides that a person who sells,  
          furnishes, gives, or causes to be sold, furnished, or given away  
          any alcoholic beverage to any person under 21 years of age is  
          guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of $250 (up to  
          $500 for subsequent violations, or $1,000 if alcohol furnished  
          to a minor) and/or community service, as specified.
          Under existing law, a person who purchases any alcoholic  
          beverage for, or furnishes, gives, or gives away any alcoholic  
          beverage to a person under 21 years of age, and the person under  
          21 years of age consumes the alcohol and thereby proximately  
          causes GBI or death to himself, herself, or another person, is  
          guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in county  
          jail for a minimum of six months but not more than one year, a  
          fine of up to $1,000, or both.

          This bill would increase the penalty to an alternate  
          felony/misdemeanor for purchasing, furnishing, or giving alcohol  
          to a person under 21 years of age who drinks the alcohol and  
          then proximately causes GBI or death, if the person providing  
          the alcohol knew that the person was under 21 years of age.

          Proposed Law: This bill would revise the crimes and penalties  
          for providing an alcoholic beverage to a person under 21 years  
          of age, as follows:
              Requires that the acts of selling, furnishing, giving, or  
              causing to be sold, furnished, or given away any alcoholic  
              beverage to a person under 21 years of age, be performed  
              knowingly in order to be considered a misdemeanor.
              Revises the penalty to an alternate felony/misdemeanor for  
              a person who knowingly sells, purchases for, furnishes,  
              gives, or gives away an alcoholic beverage to a person under  
              21 years of age who consumes the alcohol and thereby  
              proximately causes death or GBI to himself/herself or  








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              another. 
               o      For a person who committed the act and knew the  
                 person was under 21 years of age, the offense would be a  
                 felony, punishable by a fine of $1,000, by imprisonment  
                 in county jail for 16 months, two or three years, or 16  
                 months, two or three years in state prison if previously  
                 convicted of a serious or violent felony, or by both the  
                 fine and imprisonment.
               o      For a person who committed the act but did not know  
                 the person was under 21 years of age, the offense would  
                 be a misdemeanor, punishable by not less than six months  
                 but not more than one year in county jail, a fine of up  
                 to $1,000, or both.
              Provides that a licensee or employee, agent, or  
              representative of a licensee is not subject to felony  
              prosecution for the sale, furnishing, giving, or giving away  
              of an alcoholic beverage to a person under 21 years of age  
              unless the licensee, employee, agency, or representative had  
              actual prior knowledge that the person to whom the alcoholic  
              beverage was provided was under 21 years of age.

          Related Legislation: AB 1657 (Runner) 2007 would have made the  
          act of providing an alcoholic beverage to a person who the  
          provider knew, or reasonably should have known, was under the  
          age of 21 years, and the person under the age of 21 years  
          thereafter consumes the alcohol and thereby proximately causes  
          GBI or death to himself, herself, or any other person, and the  
          provider knew, or reasonably should have known, of that danger,  
          punishable as either a misdemeanor or a felony, as specified.  
          This bill failed in the Senate Committee on Public Safety.
           
          AB 2967 (Runner) 2006 and AB 454 (Runner) 2005 were similar  
          measures that also failed in the Senate Committee on Public  
          Safety.

          Staff Comments: By increasing the penalty to a wobbler for  
          knowingly providing an alcoholic beverage to a person under 21  
          years of age that results in death or GBI, the provisions of  
          this bill could result in additional non-reimbursable local  
          enforcement costs offset to a degree by increased fine revenue.  
          In addition, as the felony is punishable by imprisonment for 16  
          months, two or three years in either county jail (or state  
          prison if the defendant has a prior conviction for a serious or  
          violent felony), this bill could potentially result in extended  








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          county jail and state prison terms than otherwise would have  
          occurred under the existing penalty provisions for this offense.  


          Data from the Department of Justice indicates there were 20  
          arrests in 2012 for this offense, but it is unknown how many  
          dispositions actually resulted in convictions. Given the  
          relatively few number of new felony arrests for persons  
          providing alcohol to a person under 21 years of age resulting in  
          death or GBI, the number of prospective felony convictions for  
          this offense against persons who also have a prior serious or  
          violent felony is estimated to be minor. Based on the CDCR  
          inmate overcrowding rate for 2013-14 of $10,000 per inmate per  
          year, annual state prison costs are estimated to be less than  
          $50,000 (General Fund).

          The creation of new crimes has historically been analyzed by  
          this Committee to result in non-reimbursable state mandated  
          costs for local law enforcement and incarceration. Staff notes,  
          however, that the creation of new or expanded crimes impacting  
          local jails taken cumulatively could increase the statewide  
          adult jail population to a degree that could potentially impact  
          the flexibility of counties to manage their jail populations  
          recently exacerbated under 2011 Public Safety Realignment. While  
          the impact of the provisions of this bill are likely to be  
          minor, the cumulative effect of all new and expanded crimes  
          could create unknown General Fund cost pressure on capital  
          outlay, staffing, programming, the courts, and other resources.

          Likewise, while this bill independently is not likely to impact  
          the prison population significantly, staff notes that considered  
          collectively with all pending legislative proposals potentially  
          exacerbating prison overcrowding, the effect of any future  
          increases to the prison population creates General Fund cost  
          pressure to the extent that overall prison population growth  
          potentially requires the utilization of additional contract  
          beds, out-of-state facilities, or capital outlay in order to  
          comply with the court-ordered population limit.