BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Carol Liu, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       AB 1146
          AUTHOR:        Morell
          AMENDED:       April 8, 2013
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  July 3, 2013
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

          SUBJECT  :  Concurrent enrollment.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill extends, from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2019,  
          the exemption from the 5 percent cap on concurrent  
          enrollment for pupils who enroll in community college  
          summer session courses that meet specified criteria.

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law authorizes the governing board of a school  
          district, upon recommendation of the principal of a  
          student's school of attendance, and with parental consent,  
          to authorize a student who would benefit from advanced  
          scholastic or vocational work to attend a community college  
          as a special part-time or full-time student. Current law  
          prohibits a principal from recommending, for community  
          college summer session attendance, more than five percent  
          of the total number of students in the same grade level and  
          exempts from the five percent cap a student recommended by  
          his or her principal for enrollment in a college-level  
          summer session course if the course in which the pupil is  
          enrolled meets specified criteria. This exemption is  
          repealed on January 1, 2014. (Education Code � 48800, et  
          seq.). 

          Current law also requires the California Community College  
          (CCC) Chancellor's Office to annually report to the  
          Department of Finance and the Legislature the amount of  
          full-time equivalent students (FTES) claimed by each CCC  
          district for high school pupils enrolled in non-credit,  
          non-degree applicable, degree applicable (excluding  
          physical education), and degree applicable physical  
          education courses; and provides that, for purposes of  







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          receiving state apportionments. CCC districts may only  
          include high school students within the CCC district's  
          report on FTES if the students are enrolled in courses that  
          are open to the general public, as specified. (EC �76002)

          Current law also requires the Chancellor of the California  
          Community Colleges to annually report the number of pupils  
          recommended above the 5% cap who enroll in community  
          college summer session courses and receive a passing grade.  

          (EC 48800)

          Finally, current law requires the governing board of a  
          California  Community College (CCC) district to assign a  
          low enrollment priority to special part-time or full-time  
          students in order to ensure that these students do not  
          displace regularly admitted community college students (EC  
          � 76001)  

          ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  extends by five years, an existing exemption from  
          the 5 percent cap on concurrent enrollment for high school  
          pupils who enroll in community college summer session  
          courses that meet specified criteria.
           
          STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author's office,  
               funding flexibility has severely diminished career  
               technical education in California's secondary schools.  
               The author contends that serving the needs of students  
               should be the primary focus of all of the state's  
               educational institutions, and therefore the state  
               should seek to reduce limits on concurrent enrollment  
               opportunities. Extending opportunities for students  
               through CCC summer sessions will help to mitigate the  
               loss of options at the high school level. 

               The author states, "Understanding that most CCCs are  
               at or near enrollment capacity, this bill, by  
               extending the exemption sunset, only allows a minor  
               increase in concurrent enrollment during the summer  
               session for specific students."








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           2)   What's exempted  ? Current law exempts a high school  
               student recommended by the principal for enrollment in  
               a community college summer session course from the 5%  
               cap if:

               a)        The course is a lower division  
                    Intersegmental General Education Transfer  
                    Curriculum (IGETC) course that applies to the  
                    General Education breadth requirements of the  
                    California State University (CSU).

               b)        The course is a college-level occupational  
                    course for credit, and is part of a sequence of  
                    vocational or career technical education courses  
                    that leads to a degree or certificate, as  
                    specified. 

               c)        The course is necessary to assist a pupil  
                    who has not passed the California High School  
                    Exit Exam, and the student is in the senior year,  
                    as specified.

           3)   Current status of Community Colleges  . According to a  
               March 2013 study by the Public Policy Institute of  
               California (PPIC), The Impact of Budget Cuts on  
               California Community Colleges, the unprecedented  
               budget cuts faced by community colleges in the recent  
               recessionary period have resulted in reduced course  
               offerings, increases in class size, and consistent  
               declines in enrollment among first-time students.   
               According to the Public Policy Institute of California  
               (PPIC), course offerings have declined from 420,000 to  
               334,000 since 2008 (about 21% of course offerings)  
               with most being credit courses necessary to transfer  
               or obtain a degree or certificate. PPIC estimates that  
               since 2008, 600,000 students have not been able to  
               enroll in classes, and another 500,000 students were  
               on waiting lists for fall 2012 courses. 

               Although researchers found evidence that colleges have  
               responded by targeting their spending toward  
               higher-priority missions, the current fiscal climate  
               has still resulted in a failure to serve adults and  








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               access has been compromised. Given the failure to  
               effectively serve adults in the state, should  
               community college districts continue to be granted an  
               exemption to exceed the 5 percent cap that allows them  
               to claim full-time equivalent students (FTES) for  
               serving high school students (arguably a lower  
               priority mission)?

           4)   Summer sessions  . According to the PPIC report cited in  
               staff comment #3, budget cuts have resulted in  
               reductions in a higher proportion of summer course  
               sections than in either fall or spring terms. The  
               largest rates of enrollment decline have occurred  
               among special-admit students (concurrently enrolled  
               K-12 students). The report noted that this is a  
               relatively small category of students. 

               The Chancellor's Office recently reported that  
               community colleges are beginning to expand summer  
               course offerings. In an informal survey of the state's  
               112 colleges, 67 percent of those responding indicated  
               that they would offer more courses this summer than  
               they did last year. Twentythree percent of colleges  
               said they would offer about the same number of  
               classes, and only 10 percent said they planned to  
               decrease summer course offerings.   According to the  
               Chancellor of the Community Colleges, while the  
               increase in summer courses is a positive trend, it  
               will take years for the community colleges system to  
               make up for the $1.5 billion in cuts that forced  
               colleges to turn away 600,000 students over the past  
               five years. 

               To the extent that special part-time or full-time  
               students are required to have a lower enrollment  
               priority, current law should provide some assurance  
               that high school students would not displace regularly  
               admitted community college students who need to enroll  
               in limited summer session courses in order to meet  
               their educational objectives.

           5)   How many  ?  According to the statutorily required  
               reports on special admit enrollments; in 2011-12 about  
               18,759 special admit FTES were claimed systemwide, a  








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               reduction from a high of 48,019 in 2002-03. As  
               indicated in the chart below, statewide the total  
               number of high school students completing summer  
               session courses with a passing grade has been  
               consistently decreasing since 2005:
                
                

            -------------------------------------------------------------- 
           |      California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office       |
           |   Statewide Total Number of High School Pupils Completing    |
           |                            Summer                            |
           |     Session Courses with a Passing Grade (Section 48800)     |
           |                                                              |
            -------------------------------------------------------------- 
            -------------------------------------------------------------- 
           |              | Number of Special-|                           |
           |Summer        |      Admit Pupils |  Change From Prior Year   |
           |Session       |          Passing  |                           |
            -------------------------------------------------------------- 
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2005     |       51,435      |            |              |
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2006     |      48,031       |      -3,404|        -6.62%|
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2007     |      53,388       |       5,357|        11.15%|
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2008     |      59,303       |       5,915|        11.08%|
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2009     |      48,383       |     -10,920|       -18.41%|
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2010     |      27,933       |     -20,450|       -42.27%|
            -------------------------------------------------------------- 
           |     2011     |      21,118       |      -6,815|       -24.40%|
           |--------------+-------------------+------------+--------------|
           |     2012     |      16,403       |      -4,715|-22.33%       |
            -------------------------------------------------------------- 


           6)   Related legislation  . AB 955 (Williams) heard and  
               passed by this committee in June 2013 by a vote of  
               5-2, requires the Chancellor of the California  
               Community Colleges to establish a voluntary pilot  
               program for purposes of authorizing community college  








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               districts to establish and maintain an extension  
               program offering credit courses during summer and  
               winter intersessions and to charge students a fee that  
               covers the actual cost of the course, until January  
               2020.  AB 955 is currently awaiting action in the  
               Senate Appropriations Committee.

           SUPPORT  

          Community College League of California

           OPPOSITION

           None on file.