BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1188
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  May 8, 2013

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT
                           K.H. "Katcho" Achadjian, Chair
                AB 1188 (Bradford) - As Introduced:  February 22, 2013
           
          SUBJECT  :  Fire protection: general obligation bonds.

           SUMMARY  :  Makes changes to the voting requirements for bonded  
          indebtedness for fire protection districts contingent upon the  
          passage and voter approval of Assembly Constitutional Amendment  
          3 (Campos).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Authorizes a fire protection district board, if 55% of the  
            voters approve, to adopt resolutions to incur indebtedness in  
            the form of general obligation (GO) bonds to fund specified  
            public safety buildings, facilities, and equipment pursuant to  
            Assembly Constitutional Amendment (ACA) 3.  
          
          2)Conditions the provisions of this bill on the passage and  
            voter approval of ACA 3 at the general election.  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes the Fire Protection District Law of 1987. 

          2)Authorizes fire protection districts to adopt a resolution, if  
            the board determines it is necessary to incur general  
            obligation bonded indebtedness of the acquisition or  
            construction or any real property or other capital expense or  
            for funding or refunding outstanding indebtedness, to call an  
            election on a proposition to incur indebtedness and issue GO  
            bonds.  

          3)Requires the board to include specified information on the  
            resolution and to hold elections pursuant to the Uniform  
            District Election Law.  

          4)Authorizes the board to adopt resolutions to issue bonds with  
            two-thirds voter approval.  

          5)Authorizes the board to issue bonds in any amount, if it does  
            not exceed the limit approved by the voters.  

          6)Authorizes cities, counties, and special districts to impose a  








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            general tax for general governmental purposes with the  
            approval of a majority of the voters.  

          7)Authorizes cities, counties, and special districts to impose a  
            special tax for specified purposes with the approval of  
            two-thirds of the voters.  

          8)Authorizes school districts, community college districts, or  
            county offices of education to incur school bonded  
            indebtedness with the approval of 55% of the voters voting on  
            the bond measure, requires bond proceeds only be used for  
            purposes specified in the Constitution, and requires an audit  
            to ensure that the funds have been expended only on the  
            specific projects listed.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :   

          1)In addition to the two-thirds voter requirement in the  
            California Constitution for bonded indebtedness, the Health  
            and Safety Code contains the same voter approval requirement  
            for fire protection districts to issue GO bonds.  This bill  
            changes the voter threshold for fire protection districts from  
            two-thirds to 55% to incur indebtedness in the form of GO  
            bonds, to fund specified projects defined in ACA 3 (Campos).   
            The enactment of this bill is contingent upon the passage and  
            subsequent voter approval of ACA 3, which is currently pending  
            in this Committee.  This bill is the statutory companion  
            measure to ACA 3 which seeks to lower the voter threshold for  
            special taxes and GO bonds to fund specified public safety  
            projects.  This bill is sponsored by the California  
            Professional Firefighters.  

          2)The author argues that "The statutory vice-grip of a  
            supermajority two-thirds voter threshold for raising taxes and  
            incurring bond indebtedness coupled with the limitations on  
            levying fee assessments has crippled the ability for local  
            governments and special districts to provide essential  
            services to protect the public."  

          3)Proposition 39, which was narrowly approved by 53% of  
            California voters in 2000, provided an exception to the  
            two-thirds vote requirement for special taxes by authorizing  
            the passage of local school bond measures by approval of 55%  








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            of the voters.  Article XIII of the California Constitution  
            allows for bonded indebtedness for a school district,  
            community college district, or county office of education to  
            fund the construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, or  
            replacement of school facilities, including the furnishing and  
            equipping of school facilities, among other provisions, if  
            approved by 55% of the voters.  This section of the  
            Constitution also requires that the bond proceeds be used only  
            for the purposes listed, and requires annual independent  
            auditing to ensure that funds have been expended on the  
            specific projects listed.  ACA 3 (Campos) mirrors some of  
            these provisions in the Constitution for school districts, and  
            instead, provides that a city, county, or special district can  
            incur bonded indebtedness for specified public safety  
            facilities, buildings, or equipment, if 55% of the voters  
            approve.  

            ACA 3 (Campos) allows a city, county, or special district to  
            incur indebtedness in the form of GO bonds to be adopted by  
            55% of the voters to fund specified projects for the exclusive  
            use of public safety personal employed by a city, county, or  
            special district as follows.  The construction,  
            reconstruction, rehabilitation or replacement of buildings or  
            facilities for emergency response, police or sheriff  
            personnel, the acquisition or lease of real property for those  
            buildings or facilitates, the purchase, lease, rent,  
            maintenance, or repair of fire suppression or emergency  
            response equipment or interoperable communications equipment  
            for fire or emergency response personnel, and the purchase,  
            lease, rent, maintenance, or repair of interoperable  
            communications equipment for police or sheriff personnel.  ACA  
            3 also amends the California Constitution to lower the  
            constitutional vote requirement from two-thirds to 55% for the  
            approval of a special tax to provide funding for fire,  
            emergency response, police, or sheriff services.  

          4)According to the sponsor, "Fire districts throughout  
            California continue to implement hard dollar cuts in core  
            public safety services as a means to balancing ever-shrinking  
            budgets.  For example, in December of 2012, the Contra Costa  
            County Fire Protection District slashed $3 million from their  
            budget by closing four fire stations and may be forced to  
            close additional fire stations during the next fiscal year.   
            Also, this past December, the Rancho Adobe Fire Protection  
            District instituted 'brown-outs' - closing down one of their  








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            three fire stations on a rotating basis after their parcel tax  
            measure, Measure Z, failed when it received 62.8% approval  
            from voters.  And, in June of 2012, the Higgins Fire  
            Protection District in Placer County started closing one of  
            their three fire departments at a time and response times have  
            doubled to over 12 minutes."   

            According to  An Overview of Local Revenue Measures in  
            California Since 2001  by Michael Coleman, author of  
            CaliforniaCityFinance.com (California Local Government Finance  
            Almanac), 13 GO bond measures from 2002-2009 were placed on  
            the ballot in cities, counties, and special districts for  
            fire, emergency medical services, and police.  Among the 13  
            measures, seven passed and six failed. Among the six that  
            failed, four received more than 55% of the votes.  Most  
            recently, in November 2012 the El Medio Fire Protection  
            District (Butte County), Measure M failed passage with 56.5%  
            of the vote.  

          5)In opposition to the bill, the California Taxpayers  
            Association argues that "Lowering the vote threshold  
            unnecessarily erodes long-standing taxpayer protections for  
            the sake of raising revenue, as many local bond measures are  
            passed with the existing two-thirds requirement."  

          6)There are several measures currently pending in the Assembly  
            and Senate that seek to lower the constitutional vote  
            requirement to a 55% vote for special taxes and bonded  
            indebtedness, including ACA 8 (Blumenfield), SCA 4 (Liu), SCA  
            7 (Wolk), SCA 8 (Corbett), SCA 9 (Corbett), and SCA 11  
            (Hancock).  

            In the past five years numerous measures would have revised  
            constitutional voting thresholds for different purposes,  
            including ACA 23 (Perea, 2012), ACA 18 (Swanson, 2011), SCA 5  
            (Simitian, 2011), ACA 4 (Blumenfield, 2010), ACA 9 (Huffman,  
            2010), ACA 10 (Torlakson, 2010), ACA 15 (Arambula, 2010), SCA  
            6 (Simitian, 2010), SCA 12 (Kehoe, 2009), ACA 10 (Feuer,  
            2008), SCA 18 (Torlakson, 2008), and SCA 21 (Kehoe, 2008),  
            none of which were enacted.  

           7)Support arguments :  Supporters argue that law enforcement  
            services for the public should be taken seriously and with the  
            shifts of state prisoners and juvenile wards, the need for  
            additional facilities will be and has rapidly become  








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            compelling.  
                
              Opposition arguments  :  According to the California Association  
            of Realtors, "the expenditure of public monies should be held  
            to the higher two-thirds vote requirement and that threshold  
            should not be diminished."  










           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Professional Firefighters [SPONSOR]
          Association of Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs
          Los Angeles Police Protective League
          Los Angeles Probation Officers' Union, AFSCME, Local 685
          Riverside Sheriffs' Association

           Opposition 
           
          California Realtors Association 
          California Taxpayers Association 
          Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Misa Yokoi-Shelton / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958