BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1188
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1188 (Bradford)
          As Introduced  February 22, 2013
          Majority vote 

           LOCAL GOVERNMENT    6-2                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Levine, Alejo, Bradford,  |     |                          |
          |     |Gordon, Mullin, Rendon    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Achadjian, Melendez       |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Makes changes to the voting requirements for bonded  
          indebtedness for fire protection districts contingent upon the  
          passage and voter approval of Assembly Constitutional Amendment  
          3 (Campos).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Authorizes a fire protection district board, if 55% of the  
            voters approve, to adopt resolutions to incur indebtedness in  
            the form of general obligation (GO) bonds to fund specified  
            public safety buildings, facilities, and equipment pursuant to  
            Assembly Constitutional Amendment (ACA) 3.  
          
          2)Conditions the provisions of this bill on the passage and  
            voter approval of ACA 3 at the general election.  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes the Fire Protection District Law of 1987. 

          2)Authorizes fire protection districts to adopt a resolution, if  
            the board determines it is necessary to incur general  
            obligation bonded indebtedness of the acquisition or  
            construction or any real property or other capital expense or  
            for funding or refunding outstanding indebtedness, to call an  
            election on a proposition to incur indebtedness and issue GO  
            bonds.  

          3)Requires the board to include specified information on the  
            resolution and to hold elections pursuant to the Uniform  








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            District Election Law.  

          4)Authorizes the board to adopt resolutions to issue bonds with  
            two-thirds voter approval.  

          5)Authorizes the board to issue bonds in any amount, if it does  
            not exceed the limit approved by the voters.  

          6)Authorizes cities, counties, and special districts to impose a  
            general tax for general governmental purposes with the  
            approval of a majority of the voters.  

          7)Authorizes cities, counties, and special districts to impose a  
            special tax for specified purposes with the approval of  
            two-thirds of the voters.  

          8)Authorizes school districts, community college districts, or  
            county offices of education to incur school bonded  
            indebtedness with the approval of 55% of the voters voting on  
            the bond measure, requires bond proceeds only be used for  
            purposes specified in the California Constitution, and  
            requires an audit to ensure that the funds have been expended  
            only on the specific projects listed.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :  In addition to the two-thirds voter requirement in  
          the California Constitution for bonded indebtedness, the Health  
          and Safety Code contains the same voter approval requirement for  
          fire protection districts to issue GO bonds.  This bill changes  
          the voter threshold for fire protection districts from  
          two-thirds to 55% to incur indebtedness in the form of GO bonds,  
          to fund specified projects defined in ACA 3 (Campos).  The  
          enactment of this bill is contingent upon the passage and  
          subsequent voter approval of ACA 3, which is currently pending  
          in the Assembly Local Government Committee.  This bill is the  
          statutory companion measure to ACA 3 which seeks to lower the  
          voter threshold for special taxes and GO bonds to fund specified  
          public safety projects.  This bill is sponsored by the  
          California Professional Firefighters.  

          The author argues that "The statutory vice-grip of a  
          supermajority two-thirds voter threshold for raising taxes and  
          incurring bond indebtedness coupled with the limitations on  








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          levying fee assessments has crippled the ability for local  
          governments and special districts to provide essential services  
          to protect the public."  

          Proposition 39, which was narrowly approved by 53% of California  
          voters in 2000, provided an exception to the two-thirds vote  
          requirement for special taxes by authorizing the passage of  
          local school bond measures by approval of 55% of the voters.   
          Article XIII of the California Constitution allows for bonded  
          indebtedness for a school district, community college district,  
          or county office of education to fund the construction,  
          reconstruction, rehabilitation, or replacement of school  
          facilities, including the furnishing and equipping of school  
          facilities, among other provisions, if approved by 55% of the  
          voters.  This section of the Constitution also requires that the  
          bond proceeds be used only for the purposes listed, and requires  
          annual independent auditing to ensure that funds have been  
          expended on the specific projects listed.  ACA 3 mirrors some of  
          these provisions in the Constitution for school districts, and  
          instead, provides that a city, county, or special district can  
          incur bonded indebtedness for specified public safety  
          facilities, buildings, or equipment, if 55% of the voters  
          approve.  

          ACA 3 (Campos) allows a city, county, or special district to  
          incur indebtedness in the form of GO bonds to be adopted by 55%  
          of the voters to fund specified projects for the exclusive use  
          of public safety personal employed by a city, county, or special  
          district as follows.  The construction, reconstruction,  
          rehabilitation or replacement of buildings or facilities for  
          emergency response, police or sheriff personnel, the acquisition  
          or lease of real property for those buildings or facilitates,  
          the purchase, lease, rent, maintenance, or repair of fire  
          suppression or emergency response equipment or interoperable  
          communications equipment for fire or emergency response  
          personnel, and the purchase, lease, rent, maintenance, or repair  
          of interoperable communications equipment for police or sheriff  
          personnel.  ACA 3 also amends the California Constitution to  
          lower the constitutional vote requirement from two-thirds to 55%  
          for the approval of a special tax to provide funding for fire,  
          emergency response, police, or sheriff services.  

          According to the sponsor, "Fire districts throughout California  
          continue to implement hard dollar cuts in core public safety  








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          services as a means to balancing ever-shrinking budgets.  For  
          example, in December of 2012, the Contra Costa County Fire  
          Protection District slashed $3 million from their budget by  
          closing four fire stations and may be forced to close additional  
          fire stations during the next fiscal year.  Also, this past  
          December, the Rancho Adobe Fire Protection District instituted  
          'brown-outs' - closing down one of their three fire stations on  
          a rotating basis after their parcel tax measure, Measure Z,  
          failed when it received 62.8% approval from voters.  And, in  
          June of 2012, the Higgins Fire Protection District in Placer  
          County started closing one of their three fire departments at a  
          time and response times have doubled to over 12 minutes."   

          According to An Overview of Local Revenue Measures in California  
          Since 2001 by Michael Coleman, author of  
          CaliforniaCityFinance.com (California Local Government Finance  
          Almanac), 13 GO bond measures from 2002-2009 were placed on the  
          ballot in cities, counties, and special districts for fire,  
          emergency medical services, and police.  Among the 13 measures,  
          seven passed and six failed. Among the six that failed, four  
          received more than 55% of the votes.  Most recently, in November  
          2012 the El Medio Fire Protection District (Butte County),  
          Measure M failed passage with 56.5% of the vote.  

          In opposition to this bill, the California Taxpayers Association  
          argues that "Lowering the vote threshold unnecessarily erodes  
          long-standing taxpayer protections for the sake of raising  
          revenue, as many local bond measures are passed with the  
          existing two-thirds requirement."  

          There are several measures currently pending in the Assembly and  
          Senate that seek to lower the constitutional vote requirement to  
          a 55% vote for special taxes and bonded indebtedness, including  
          ACA 8 (Blumenfield), SCA 4 (Liu), SCA 7 (Wolk), SCA 8 (Corbett),  
          SCA 9 (Corbett), and SCA 11 (Hancock).  

          In the past five years numerous measures would have revised  
          constitutional voting thresholds for different purposes,  
          including ACA 23 (Perea) of 2012, ACA 18 (Swanson) of 2011, SCA  
          5 (Simitian) of 2011, ACA 4 (Blumenfield) of 2010, ACA 9  
          (Huffman) of 2010, ACA 10 (Torlakson) of 2010, ACA 15 (Arambula)  
          of 2010, SCA 6 (Simitian) of 2010, SCA 12 (Kehoe) of 2009, ACA  
          10 (Feuer) of 2008, SCA 18 (Torlakson) of 2008, and SCA 21  
          (Kehoe) of 2008, none of which were enacted.  








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          Support arguments:  Supporters argue that law enforcement  
          services for the public should be taken seriously and with the  
          shifts of state prisoners and juvenile wards, the need for  
          additional facilities will be and has rapidly become compelling.  
           

          Opposition arguments:  According to the California Association  
          of Realtors, "the expenditure of public monies should be held to  
          the higher two-thirds vote requirement and that threshold should  
          not be diminished."  

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Misa Yokoi-Shelton / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958 


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