BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1280
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1280 (John A. Pérez)
          As Amended  August 20, 2013
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |74-0 |(May 23, 2013)  |SENATE: |37-0 |(August 22,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2013)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    HUM. S.  

           SUMMARY  :  Extends federal consumer protection standards to state  
          benefits deposited into prepaid card accounts.  Specifically,  
           this bill  : 

          1)Requires that unemployment compensation benefit payments only  
            be deposited into an account that meets the requirements of a  
            qualifying account for deposit of public assistance payments,  
            as specified, when direct deposit is requested by a recipient  
            of unemployment compensation benefits.

          2)Requires direct deposit of public assistance benefits, when  
            direct deposit is requested by a recipient, to only be made to  
            the recipient's qualifying account at a financial institution,  
            as defined.

          3)Defines qualifying account as one of the following:

             a)   A demand deposit or savings account at an insured  
               financial institution in the name of the person entitled to  
               receipt of public assistance payments; or

             b)   A prepaid card account that meets all of the following:

               i)     The account is held at an insured financial  
                 institution;

               ii)    The account is set up to meet the requirements for  
                 pass through deposit or share insurance so that the funds  
                 accessible through the account are eligible for insurance  
                 for the benefit of the person entitled to the receipt of  
                 public assistance payments, as specified;

               iii)   The account is not attached to any credit or  








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                 overdraft feature that is automatically repaid from the  
                 account after delivery of the payment; and

               iv)    The issuer of the card complies with all of the  
                 requirements and provides the holder of the card with all  
                 of the consumer protections that apply to a payroll card  
                 account under federal law, as specified.

          4)Prohibits a person or entity that issues, maintains or manages  
            a prepaid card account from accepting or facilitating direct  
            deposit of public assistance payments or unemployment  
            compensation benefit payments to a prepaid card account that  
            does not meet the definition of qualifying account, as  
            specified.

          5)Defines financial institution as a state or national bank, a  
            state or federal savings and loan associations, a mutual  
            savings bank, or a state or federal credit union.

          6)Defines a payroll card account as an account that is  
            established through an employer and to which electronic funds  
            transfers of the consumer's wages, salary or other employee  
            compensation are made on a recurring basis, as provided in the  
            regulations implementing the federal Electronic Funds Transfer  
            Act (EFTA).

          7)Defines issuer as a person or entity that issues a prepaid  
            card.

          8)Provides that prepaid card or prepaid card account shall have  
            the same definition as provided in EFTA regulations regarding  
            general use reloadable cards, or shall be defined as a card,  
            code or other means of access to a recipient's funds that is  
            usable at automated teller machines, or for goods or services  
            from multiple, unaffiliated merchants.

           The Senate amendments  : 
           
          1)Clarify that the Employment Development Department (EDD) has  
            no obligation to determine whether an account at the financial  
            institution of the unemployment compensation recipient's  
            choice is a qualifying account, as defined.  For purposes of  
            this bill, prohibits EDD from being held liable for  
            authorizing a direct deposit of unemployment compensation  
            benefit payments into a prepaid card account designated by the  








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            recipient that does not meet the requirements of a qualifying  
            account.

          2)Repeal the requirement for the Department of Social Services  
            (DSS) to cooperate with county treasurers and private  
            financial service providers, including depository  
            institutions, licensed check sellers, data processing service  
            vendors, and retail merchants, in developing and implementing  
            an electronically based system for delivering public  
            assistance payments to those recipients who do not have  
            individual deposit accounts with financial institutions. 

          3)Clarify that each county treasurer has no obligation to  
            determine whether the account at the financial institution of  
            the public assistance recipient's choice is a qualifying  
            account, as defined.

          4)Prohibit each county treasurer and county welfare department  
            from being held liable for authorizing a direct deposit of  
            public assistance payments into a prepaid card account,  
            designated by the person entitled to receipt of public  
            assistance benefits, that does not meet the requirements of a  
            qualifying account.  
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8, negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill seeks to align state law with federal law  
          governing the transfer or deposit of federal benefits into  
          prepaid card accounts.  By aligning with federal requirements  
          and establishing criteria for prepaid card accounts into which  
          state benefits are transferred or deposited, this bill protects  
          families receiving those benefits and helps them avoid being  
          subjected to the inappropriate practices of certain financial  
          institutions. 

           California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids  
          (CalWORKs)  :  The CalWORKs program provides monthly income  
          assistance and employment-related services aimed at moving  
          children out of poverty and helping families meet basic needs.   
          Federal funding for CalWORKs comes from the Temporary Assistance  
          for Needy Families (TANF) block grant.  The average monthly cash  
          grant for a family of three (one parent and two children) on  
          CalWORKs is $461.  CalWORKs grants are used to pay rent, buy  
          clothing, pay utilities bills, and pay for other basic needs to  








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          ensure children can be cared for at home and remain safely with  
          their families.  According to recent DSS data, 550,952 families  
          rely on CalWORKs, including over one million children.
           
          Electronic Benefits Transfers (EBT) programs  :  An EBT program is  
          one in which needs-tested benefits are distributed by a  
          government agency through accounts that can be accessed  
          electronically by recipients through automated teller machines  
          (ATMs), and point-of-sale (POS) terminals.  EBT cards are not  
          authorized for payment of employment-related payments, such as  
          salaries, unemployment benefits, pension benefits, or retirement  
          payments from federal, state or local governments.  California's  
          official move from a paper-based system to an electronic system  
          for the distribution and use of public assistance benefits  
          occurred in 2002.  This shift was essential in helping the  
          CalWORKs and CalFresh (then Food Stamps) programs keep pace with  
          technological advances in POS and ATMs.  
           
          In California, recipients of CalWORKs cash aid often receive  
          their benefits on an EBT card and use the card as they would any  
          other debit card for ATM withdrawals and purchases to meet their  
          families' basic needs.  Unlike CalFresh benefits, which can only  
          be accessed through use of an EBT card and are not eligible for  
          cash withdrawal or purchase of basic necessities that do not  
          qualify as food, CalWORKs benefits can also be directly  
          deposited into a personal bank account at the request of a  
          CalWORKs recipient.  

          The appeal of prepaid cards for a CalWORKs recipient may be the  
          flexibility the card allows to meet basic needs.  For example,  
          whereas an EBT card cannot be used to make an online utility  
          bill payment, a prepaid card often can be used for that purpose.  
           Because this would also allow a CalWORKs recipient to complete  
          this necessary transaction without having to make a cash  
          withdrawal at an ATM or other POS machine, the recipient may be  
          able to avoid the fees charged as a result of that withdrawal;  
          fees that reduce the already minimal amount of funds available  
          to the recipient's family.  

           Unemployment insurance (UI) benefits  :  In order to be eligible  
          for payment of UI benefits, an individual has to meet a number  
          of eligibility criteria for each week he or she claims benefits,  
          including being unemployed through no fault of his or her own,  
          and being physically able to work and actively looking for work.  
           Unless extended by Congress or the Legislature during a time of  








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          high unemployment, a UI claim is effective for one year, during  
          which a claimant can receive from 12 to 26 weeks of full  
          benefits.  The benefit amount for each week in which a claimant  
          receives a payment can range from a minimum of $40 to a maximum  
          of $450, based on the claimant's quarterly earnings.  The most a  
          claimant can be eligible to receive for the year the claim is  
          effective is $11,700.

          EDD began paying UI benefits through the EDD Debit Card in July  
          2011, which, like EBT for CalWORKs benefits, offers a direct  
          deposit or electronic transfer option of funds that would  
          otherwise be accessible through the card.  The EDD Debit Card  
          was also a major shift in providing benefits to UI claimants; it  
          eliminated both check disruption due to mail delays and check  
          cashing fees for people without personal bank accounts.   
          Additionally, the EDD Debit Card grants claimants the same  
          access to POS purchases and ATM withdrawals as people with  
          commercial debit cards. 

           Federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act  :  The Electronic Fund  
          Transfer Act (EFTA) (15 United States Code (USC) 1693 et seq.)  
          was established in 1978 to protect individual consumers engaging  
          in fund transfers through an electronic terminal, telephone,  
          computer, or magnetic tape that instruct a financial institution  
          to either credit or debit a consumer's asset account  
          electronically.  
           
          Prepaid cards  :  Under the federal EFTA, a prepaid card is  
          generally defined as a card or other payment code or device that  
          is purchased or loaded, on a prepaid basis, and is redeemable  
          for the purchase of goods or services, or cash withdrawal at an  
          ATM.  In some cases, prepaid cards can be reloaded for purchases  
          or withdrawals.  Many people who have exhausted credit cards or  
          the ability to obtain new credit cards, or even those who do not  
          feel comfortable using traditional bank accounts, have turned to  
          using prepaid cards as a means of keeping their spending within  
          feasible limits while having the purchase and withdrawal freedom  
          they would otherwise experience with a commercial debit or  
          credit card.   
           
          In 2010, the federal Department of the Treasury ruled to allow  
          the receipt of federal payments through an electronic method.   
          In response to concerns about which electronic means, and  
          essentially which types of card accounts, would be eligible for  
          the receipt of federal funds, the new rule contained a number of  








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          criteria that prepaid cards would have to meet to be qualified  
          to receive federal funds.  Those criteria include not having an  
          attached line of credit or loan feature that would cause  
          automatic repayment from the card account and providing for  
          liability protections for loss, theft, or unauthorized charges.   


           Need for the bill  :  According to the author, "The lack of  
          consumer protections for families receiving work supports or  
          basic needs assistance not only endangers the subsistence of  
          California families experiencing hardship, it undermines the  
          security of the State's investment.  By applying federal  
          standards, AB 1280 will ensure federal protections exist for  
          state investments and low-income families alike."   


          Analysis Prepared by  :    Myesha Jackson / HUM. S. / (916)  
          319-2089 


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