BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                 Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations
                                 Ted W. Lieu, Chair

          Date of Hearing: June 26, 2013               2013-2014 Regular  
          Session                              
          Consultant: Deanna D. Ping                   Fiscal:No
                                                       Urgency: No
          
                                  Bill No: AB 1383
                      Author: Committee on Labor and Employment
                            As Introduced: March 4, 2013 
          

                                       SUBJECT
          
                     Employment regulations: local enforcement 


                                      KEY ISSUE

          Should the legislature allow localities to enforce employment  
          protections in a manner more stringent than the state if they so  
          choose?    


                                      ANALYSIS
          
           Existing law  states that nothing in a specified "part" of the  
          Labor Code shall be deemed to restrict the exercise of local  
          police powers in a more stringent manner. (Labor Code �1205)

           Existing law  states that when a local jurisdiction expends funds  
          that have been provided to it by a state agency, operates a  
          program that has received assistance from a state agency, or  
          engages in an activity that has received assistance from a state  
          agency, labor standards established by the local jurisdiction  
          through exercise of local police powers or spending powers shall  
          take effect with regard to that expenditure, program, or  
          activity, so long as those labor standards are not in explicit  
          conflict with, or explicitly preempted by, state law. (Labor  
          Code �1205)

           Existing law  states that a state agency may not require as a  
          condition to the receipt of state funds or assistance that a  
          local jurisdiction refrain from applying labor standards  
          established by the local jurisdiction to expenditures, programs,  









          or activities supported by the state funds or assistance in  
          question. (Labor Code �1205)
           

          This Bill  would explicitly state that nothing in the Labor Code  
          itself prohibits the local enforcement of labor standards in a  
          manner more stringent than enforcement by the state. 


                                      COMMENTS
          

          1.  Need for this bill?

            Many cities throughout California have local labor standards  
            (such as minimum wage or living wage ordinances) that exceed  
            the requirements of California law. In 2002, the legislature  
            enacted AB 2509 to ensure that state law does not prohibit  
            more stringent local labor standards or jeopardize state  
            funding. AB 1383 would amend existing law to clarify that  
            nothing in the Labor Code itself preempts local labor  
            enforcement standards that go further that the state.  
            According to the author's office, the bill would protect labor  
            standards adopted by localities by ensuring that the Labor  
            Code does not prohibit local enforcement in a manner more  
            stringent than enforcement by the state. 

          2.  Worker's Compensation Constitutionality and AB 1383: Staff  
            Comments 
           
            Article XIV, Section 4 of the California Constitution vests  
            the legislature with the plenary, or complete power, to create  
            and enforce a complete system of worker's compensation.  
            According to some stakeholders, Article XIV, Section 4 of the  
            Constitution gives the Legislature the authority to impose  
            laws with regard to workers' compensation, not local  
            authorities. Specifically, stakeholders are concerned that AB  
            1383 could be potentially unconstitutional as it encompasses  
            all sections of the Labor Code, including workers'  
            compensation. 

            In the 1953 case of Healy v. Industrial Accident Commission,  
          Hearing Date:  June 12, 2013                             AB 1383  
          Consultant: Deanna D. Ping                               Page 2

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            41 Cal.2d 118 the court states the general principle that  
            state law, with respect to workers' compensation, prevails  
            over local law only in the event of a conflict in Labor Code.  
            Given that the language in AB 1383 expressly allows locals to  
            have more stringent enforcement, there would be no conflict or  
            issue of constitutionality given that the Legislature's  
            authority that is granted under the Constitution is plenary,  
            or complete, but not exclusive.  Were AB 1383 to become law,  
            nothing in the current language would preclude the Legislature  
            from coming back at a later date and revisiting a local  
            jurisdiction's inappropriate use of police powers. 

          3.  Proponent Arguments  :
            
            According to the sponsor of the bill, California Labor  
            Federation, the California Labor Code is intended to provide a  
            floor of set minimum labor standards for all workers in this  
            state. Proponents argue that local communities should be able  
            to raise those standards, such as living wage ordinances or  
            local paid sick days, based on their own assessment of what  
            types of protections are needed. Proponents argue that the  
            bill makes it clear that localities are free to pass local  
            ordinances that supplement and enhance existing statewide  
            protections. 

          4.  Opponent Arguments  :

            Opponents argue that California has some of the most onerous  
            wage and hour requirements in the nation and AB 1383 provides  
            local jurisdictions with the authority to adopt even more  
            stringent labor and employment requirements than those already  
            in existence statewide. Opponents contend that this authority  
            will create a patchwork of labor and employment laws  
            throughout California that will make it even more difficult  
            for business to operate, especially small businesses that do  
            not have the capacity to manage new and additional labor laws.  


          5.  Prior Legislation  :

            AB 2509 (Goldberg), Chapter 298, Statutes of 2002 - allows  
            local government agencies to impose labor standards more  
          Hearing Date:  June 12, 2013                             AB 1383  
          Consultant: Deanna D. Ping                               Page 3

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            stringent than those required by state law on projects which  
            receive state funding.  Specifically, it allows local  
            jurisdictions to apply labor standards that they have  
            established to economic development projects that are funded  
            by the state but administered at the local level, so long as  
            those standards do not explicitly conflict with state law.


                                       SUPPORT
          
          California Labor Federation, AFL-CIO
          

                                     OPPOSITION
          
          California Chamber of Commerce 
          California Grocers Association
          Acclamation Insurance Management Services
          Allied Managed Care, Inc. 
          Associated Builders and Contractors of California 
          California Association of Winegrape Growers
          California Chapter of American Fence Association
          California Employment Law Council 
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          California Fence Contractors' Association 
          California Framing Contractors' Association 
          California Grocers Association 
          California Hospital Association
          California Restaurant Association 
          California Trucking Association 
          Engineering Contractor's Association
          Flasher Barricade Association 
          Marin Builders Association  
          National Federation of Independent Business







          Hearing Date:  June 12, 2013                             AB 1383  
          Consultant: Deanna D. Ping                               Page 4

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations