BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1592
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          Date of Hearing:  April 29, 2014

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                                 Richard Pan, Chair
                 AB 1592 (Beth Gaines) - As Amended:  April 23, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :  California Diabetes Program.

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Department of Public Health (DPH), as  
          part of the California Diabetes Program (CDP), to submit  
          biennial reports to the Legislature which include information on  
          the fiscal impact of diabetes to the Medi-Cal program, among  
          other things, as well as provide proposals to reduce the impact  
          of diabetes and its complications.   Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires DPH, as part of CDP to submit a report to the  
            Legislature by December 31 of each odd-numbered year which  
            includes the following:

             a)   An assessment of the benefits of implemented programs  
               and activities aimed at preventing and controlling diabetes  
               which documents the amount and source of funding directed  
               to DPH and the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) by  
               the Legislature for programs and activities aimed at  
               reaching those with diabetes; 

             b)   The amount and source for any funding directed to DPH  
               and DHCS that may be used for the purposes of the action  
               plans required pursuant to this bill;

             c)   A description of the level of coordination existing  
               between DPH and DHCS in preventing, treating, managing, and  
               increasing awareness of all forms of diabetes and its  
               complications;

             d)   Detailed action plans for combating diabetes with a  
               range of actionable items for consideration by the  
               Legislature which will aid in attaining goals set by the  
               DPH California Wellness Plan and Diabetes Burden Report;  
               and,

             e)   A detailed budget blueprint identifying needs, costs,  
               and resources required to implement the plans developed by  
               DPH which includes a cost-benefit analysis to assist in  
               prioritizing plans by level of efficiency. 

          2)Requires DPH to make the reports available on its Internet  






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            Website.

          3)Requires DHCS to provide DPH with any relevant data for the  
            report and requires all data transferred to DPH from DHCS to  
            conform to federal Health Insurance Portability and  
            Accountability Act requirements.

          4)Requires DPH to ensure that all grant funds from the federal  
            Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other  
            federal sources for the CDP are used for the purpose of  
            diabetes prevention, treatment, and awareness, pursuant to the  
            grant requirements, and the creation of the biannual reports  
            required by this bill. 

          5)Makes various findings and declarations, including that DPH  
            will have completed a Diabetes Burden Report by December 31,  
            2014.

           EXISTING LAW  :  Establishes DPH to protect and improve the health  
          of communities through education, promotion of healthy  
          lifestyles, and research for disease and injury prevention.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.

           COMMENTS  :

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  According to the author, the state of  
            California has no plan in place to mitigate the escalating  
            fiscal impact of diabetes, and while there has been extensive  
            legislation enacted to promote awareness and cost saving  
            measures for conditions such as cardiovascular disease and  
            tobacco addiction, current law is woefully inadequate in  
            regard to diabetes.  The author states that diabetes has  
            reached epidemic levels in California, and as of 2012, about  
            one in seven adult Californians have diabetes and many more  
            will be diagnosed in the near future.  Finally, the author  
            states that this bill would require the CDP to create and  
            submit to the state a diabetes action plan, which will provide  
            policy guidance addressing the escalating fiscal impact of  
            diabetes treatment and care.

           2)BACKGROUND  .  Diabetes is a chronic medical condition marked by  
            high levels of blood glucose (a form of sugar) resulting from  
            defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both.  Type  
            1 diabetes, previously known as juvenile diabetes, is an  
            autoimmune disease in which the body does not produce the  






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            hormone insulin.  There is no known way to prevent type 1  
            diabetes.  Type 2 diabetes (previously called  
            non-insulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes) in  
            adults, accounts for about 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases  
            of diabetes.  It usually begins as insulin resistance, a  
            disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. As  
            the need for insulin rises, the pancreas gradually loses its  
            ability to produce it.  Gestational diabetes occurs in  
            pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but have  
            higher than normal blood glucose levels during pregnancy.   
            Immediately after pregnancy, 5% to 10% of women with  
            gestational diabetes are found to have diabetes, usually type  
            2. Women who have had gestational diabetes have a 35% to 60%  
            chance of developing diabetes in the next 10-20 years.   
            Prediabetes is a condition in which individuals have blood  
            glucose levels higher than normal but not high enough to be  
            classified as diabetes.  People with prediabetes have an  
            increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease,  
            and stroke.  Without intervention, about one out of four  
            people with prediabetes will develop diabetes within three to  
            five years.  Ethnic minorities and those who are poor or  
            disadvantaged have especially high rates of diabetes.  In  
            2010, one in seven African American (14.3%), one in nine  
            American Indian/Alaskan Natives/Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific  
            Islander (11.6 %), one in 10 Latino (10.9%), one in 11 Asian  
            American (7.7%), and one in 14 white (7.0%) adults had  
            diagnosed diabetes.

            According to the CDP, diabetes costs in California exceed $24  
            billion each year.  Total health care and related costs for  
            the treatment of diabetes in California are about $24.5  
            billion.  Direct medical costs (e.g., hospitalizations,  
            medical care, treatment, supplies) account for about $18.7  
            billion, the other $5.8 billion include indirect costs such as  
            disability payments, time lost from work, and premature death.  
             The average annual treatment cost per case for diagnosed  
            diabetes in the U.S. was nearly $10,000 in 2007.

            There is no known cure for diabetes.  Increased risk of heart  
            disease, stroke, and kidney damage (and the need for dialysis  
            as a result) are the most deadly effects.  Uncontrolled high  
            blood sugars may also affect the eyes and cause blindness.   
            Diabetes frequently affects circulation, and a simple cut on  
            the foot can lead to an amputation due to infection.   
            Diabetics tend to experience longer hospitalizations and  
            mortality rates.  California has an estimated 3.9 million  
            adults with diabetes (2010), and the numbers are rising  






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            rapidly.  

           3)THE CALIFORNIA DIABETES PROGRAM  .  The CDP was established in  
            1981 within DPH (then the California Department of Health  
            Services) and is primarily funded by the CDC.  On July 1,  
            2013, a new CDC-funded program "State Public Health Actions to  
            Prevent and Control Diabetes, Heart Disease, Obesity and  
            Associated Risk Factors and Promote School Health" began.   
            Funding allocated to pre-diabetes and diabetes decreased by  
            $250,000.  With this new grant, CDC funding for California  
            chronic disease prevention overall decreased by $2.2 million.   
            The new collaborative grant, known as Prevention First,  
            Advancing Synergy for Health, requires coordination among  
            programs that historically were categorically funded and  
            stand-alone programs.  Prevention First addresses individuals  
            with pre-diabetes and diabetes.  

           4)THE CALIFORNIA WELLNESS PLAN  .  This year DPH published the  
            California Wellness Plan (Plan), the result of a statewide  
            process led by DPH to develop a roadmap with partners and  
            create communities in which people can be healthy through  
            improving the quality of clinical and community care,  
            increasing access to usable health information, assuring  
            continued public health capacity to achieve health equity, and  
            empowering communities to create healthier environments.  The  
            Plan contains short, intermediate, and long-term objectives  
            with measurable effects on a variety of chronic diseases,  
            including diabetes.  DPH's chronic disease programs plan to  
            collaborate with local and state partners, including the  
            Office of Health Equity, engaged in diabetes prevention to  
            implement the objectives.  DPH intends to monitor the progress  
            of Plan objectives and publish regular reports on outcomes.

           5)DIABETES BURDEN REPORT  .  DPH is currently working on a  
            Diabetes Burden Report with an anticipated completion of  
            December 31, 2014.  The  report will include information on  
            the prevalence of diabetes in California compared to the rest  
            of the U.S., risk factors for developing diabetes and diabetes  
            complications, as well as the prevalence of obesity,  
            inactivity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors (smoking,  
            hypertension, hypercholesterolemia) among diabetics as  
            compared to non-diabetics in California.  The report will  
            address the prevalence of pre-diabetes, complications of  
            diabetes, and diabetes mortality in California compared to the  
            rest of the nation.  The report will also outline DPH programs  
            and activities that address the burden of diabetes in  
            California.






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           6)SUPPORT  .  The Advanced Medical Technology Association supports  
            this bill, stating that it will help provide the public with  
            an understanding of what the state is doing to combat diabetes  
            and will help legislators when prioritizing resources  
            available to battle diabetes and its complications.  The  
            California Healthcare Institute also supports this bill  
            because it will help identify approaches to contain diabetes  
            today while concurrently helping state agencies plan for the  
            growing impact of the disease going forward.

           7)RELATED LEGISLATION  .  SB 1316 (Cannella) would require DHCS,  
            DPH, and the Board of Administration of the Public Employees'  
            Retirement System to submit a report to the Legislature  
            regarding their diabetes-related programs, and states it is  
            the intent of the Legislature to coordinate a response that  
            assesses the quality of care and manages the costs paid for by  
            state-financed health programs relating to diabetes.  SB 1316  
            is pending in the Senate Rules Committee.

           8)PREVIOUS LEGISLATION  .  

             a)   AB 2226 (Garcia), Chapter 235, Statutes of 2006,  
               requires, on or after July 1, 2010, school districts to  
               provide an information sheet regarding type 2 diabetes to  
               the parent or guardian of incoming 7th grade pupils and  
               authorizes the sheet to be provided with other materials  
               distributed at the beginning of the school year.

             b)   SB 64 (Solis), Chapter 540, Statutes of 1999, requires  
               every health care service plan and disability (health)  
               insurer to provide coverage for the management and  
               treatment of diabetes including equipment, supplies,  
               medications, outpatient self-management education, and  
               medical nutrition therapy, as medically necessary,  
               determined by the plan and insurers in conjunction with the  
               treating physician.

           9)SUGGESTED AMENDMENT  .  As currently drafted the bill allows  
            federal grant funds to be spent on the creation of the  
            biannual reports required by this bill.  CDC grant funding  
            agreements and reporting requirements narrowly specify how  
            grant funds are to be spent.  Placing additional state  
            requirements on federal grantees, including allowing funds to  
            be spent for purposes other than the grant requirements, may  
            put them out of compliance with federal guidelines and either  
            prevent the state from accepting federal funds, or cause the  






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            state to lose access to federal funds for diabetes prevention.  
             The bill should be amended to strike that provision.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :  

           Support 
           
          Advanced Medical Technology Association
          American Diabetes Association
          AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
          BayBio
          BIOCOM
          California Association of Area Agencies on Aging
          California Chronic Care Coalition
          California Healthcare Institute
          Novo Nordisk
          One individual

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lara Flynn / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097