Amended in Assembly April 8, 2014

Amended in Assembly March 18, 2014

Amended in Assembly March 10, 2014

California Legislature—2013–14 Regular Session

Assembly BillNo. 1619


Introduced by Assembly Member Gonzalez

February 6, 2014


An act to amendbegin insert, repeal, and addend insert Sections 1296, 44910, 44929.21,begin delete and 44948.3 of, and to repeal Sections 44929.23, 44948, 44948.2, and 44948.5 of, end deletebegin insert and 44929.23 of end insertthe Education Code, relating to school employees.

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL’S DIGEST

AB 1619, as amended, Gonzalez. Certificated school employees.

begin delete

(1) Existing law provides that a certificated employee of a school district of any type or class, or an employee in a teaching position requiring certification qualifications of a county superintendent of schools that maintains schools and classes with an average daily attendance of 250 or more pupils, who completes 2 consecutive years and is reelected for the next succeeding school year to a position requiring certification, shall become and be classified as a permanent employee of the school district or county superintendent. Existing law authorizes the governing board of a school district of any type or class having an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils to classify as a permanent employee of the district any employee who, after having been employed by the school district for 3 complete consecutive school years in a position or positions requiring certification qualifications, is reelected for the next succeeding school year to a position requiring certification qualifications. If that classification is not made, existing law provides that the employee shall not attain permanent status and may be reelected from year to year thereafter without becoming a permanent employee until a change in classification is made.

end delete
begin delete

This bill would provide that a certificated employee of a school district of any type or class or of a county superintendent of schools, regardless of the average daily attendance of the school district or county superintendent of schools, who completes 2 consecutive years and is reelected to a position requiring certification shall become and be classified as a permanent employee.

end delete
begin insert

(1) Existing law, for a county superintendent of schools with schools and classes with an average daily attendance of 250 or more pupils, authorizes the county superintendent of schools to classify an employee in a teaching position requiring certification qualifications who completes 2 consecutive school years as a permanent employee in qualified positions, in accordance with specified procedures and notice requirements.

end insert
begin insert

This bill, on and after July 1, 2015, would instead authorize a county superintendent of schools to classify a person employed in a nonsupervisory, nonmanagement position requiring certification qualifications for 2 consecutive school years, whose salary is paid from the county school service fund, as a permanent employee, and would specify that the provisions relating to probation, the attainment of permanent status, and dismissal that are otherwise applicable to employees of school districts with an average daily attendance of 250 or more pupils, are applicable to employees of county superintendents of schools, unless otherwise provided.

end insert
begin insert

(2) Existing law, for a school district having an average daily attendance of 250 or more pupils, authorizes the governing board of the school district to classify a certificated employee as a permanent employee if he or she completes 2 consecutive school years of employment, as specified, in accordance with specified procedures and notice requirements.

end insert
begin insert

This bill, on and after July 1, 2015, would make those provisions applicable only to those certificated employees in nonsupervisory, nonmanagement positions.

end insert
begin insert

(3) Existing law, for a school district having an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils, authorizes the governing board of the school district to classify a certificated employee as a permanent employee if he or she completes 3 consecutive school years of employment, as specified, in accordance with specified procedures and notice requirements.

end insert
begin insert

This bill, on and after July 1, 2015, would make those provisions applicable only to certificated employees in nonsupervisory, nonmanagement positions. The bill, on and after July 1, 2015, would make those provisions applicable to certificated employees in nonsupervisory, nonmanagement positions who are employed by county offices of education having an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils. The bill would specify that the provisions relating to probation, the attainment of permanent employment status, and dismissal that are otherwise applicable to employees of school districts having an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils, are applicable to the employees of county offices of education having an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils, unless otherwise provided.

end insert
begin delete

(2)

end delete

begin insert(4)end insert Existing law authorizes the establishment of regional occupational centers or programs to provide career technical education and technical training to students. Existing law requires instruction in those centers or programs to only be given by a qualified teacher holding a certificate, as provided, but prohibits service by a person as an instructor in classes conducted at regional occupational centers or programs from being included in computing the service required as a prerequisite to attainment of, or eligibility to, classification as a permanent employee of a school district.

This billbegin insert, on and after July 1, 2015,end insert would instead provide service by a person as an instructor in classes conducted at regional occupational centers or programs shall be included in computing the service required as a prerequisite to attainment of, or eligibility to, classification as a permanent employee of a school district.

begin delete

(3) Existing law provides that first- and 2nd-year probationary employees of a school district may be dismissed during the school year for unsatisfactory performance or for cause, pursuant to specified procedures. Existing law, unless the school district elects to make the dismissal procedures specified above applicable, sets forth separate dismissal procedures for probationary employees of school districts with an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils.

end delete
begin delete

This bill would delete the separate dismissal procedures for probationary employees of school districts with an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils, thereby subjecting all probationary employees, regardless of the average daily attendance of the school district, to the same dismissal procedures. The bill would also delete obsolete references, update references, and make conforming and nonsubstantive changes.

end delete
begin insert

(5) This bill would make conforming and related changes, and would set forth applicable provisions for school employees who are subject to the provisions specified above and are employed at the time the provisions of the bill become operative.

end insert

Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: no. State-mandated local program: no.

The people of the State of California do enact as follows:

P4    1begin insert

begin insertSECTION 1.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 1296 of the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert is amended
2to read:end insert

3

1296.  

(a) If the average daily attendance of the schools and
4classes maintained by a county superintendent of schools is 250
5or more, each person who, after being employed for three complete
6consecutive school years by thebegin insert countyend insert superintendent in a teaching
7position in those schools or classes requiring certification
8qualifications and whose salary is paid from the county school
9service fund, is reelected for the next succeeding school year to
10such a position in those schools or classes, shall be classified as
11and become a permanent employee of the county superintendent
12of schools.

13Such an employee shall have the same rights and duties as
14 employees of school districts to which Section 44882 applies.
15Sections 44841, 44842, 44882, 44948.3, and 44948.5 are applicable
16to these employees.

17This subdivision shall apply only to probationary employees
18whose probationary period commenced prior to the 1983-84 fiscal
19year.

20(b) If the average daily attendance of the schools and classes
21maintained by a county superintendent of schools is 250 or more,
22each person who, after being employed for two complete
23consecutive school years by thebegin insert countyend insert superintendent in a teaching
24position in those schools or classes requiring certification
25qualifications and whose salary is paid from the county school
26service fund, is reelected for the next succeeding school year to
27such a position in those schools or classes, shall be classified as
P5    1and become a permanent employee of the county superintendent
2of schools.

3The county superintendent of schools shall notify the employee,
4on or before March 15 of the employee’s second complete
5consecutive year of employment by thebegin insert countyend insert superintendent in
6a teaching position in schools or classes maintained by thebegin insert countyend insert
7 superintendent requiring certification qualifications, of the decision
8to reelect or not reelect the employee for the next succeeding school
9year to such a position in those schools. In the event that the county
10superintendentbegin insert of schoolsend insert does not give notice pursuant to this
11section on or before March 15, the employee shall be deemed
12reelected for the next succeeding school year.

13Such an employee shall have the same rights and duties as
14employees of school districts to which Section 44882 applies.
15Sections 44841, 44842, 44882, 44948.3, and 44948.5 are applicable
16to these employees.

17This subdivision shall apply only to probationary employees
18whose probationary period commenced during the 1983-84 fiscal
19year or any fiscal year thereafter.

20(c) As used in this section, “teaching position” means any
21certificated position designated as of January 1, 1983, by the county
22board of education or the county superintendent of schools as a
23teaching position for the purpose of granting probationary or
24permanent status.

begin insert

25(d) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2015, and,
26as of January 1, 2016, is repealed, unless a later enacted statute,
27that becomes operative on or before January 1, 2016, deletes or
28extends the dates on which it becomes inoperative and is repealed.

end insert
29begin insert

begin insertSEC. 2.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 1296 is added to the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert, to read:end insert

begin insert
30

begin insert1296.end insert  

(a) (1) A person who, after being employed for two
31complete consecutive school years by a county superintendent of
32schools with an average daily attendance of 250 pupils or more,
33in a nonsupervisory, nonmanagement position requiring
34certification qualifications and whose salary is paid from the
35county school service fund, is reelected for the next succeeding
36school year to the position, shall be classified as and become a
37permanent employee of the county superintendent of schools.

38(2) The county superintendent of schools shall notify the
39employee, on or before March 15 of the employee’s second
40complete consecutive year of employment by the county
P6    1superintendent of schools in the position of the decision to reelect
2or not reelect the employee for the next succeeding school year to
3the position. If the county superintendent of schools does not give
4notice pursuant to this section on or before March 15, the employee
5shall be deemed reelected for the next succeeding school year.

6(3) Unless otherwise provided by law, for a certificated
7employee of a county office of education with an average daily
8attendance of 250 or more pupils, the statutory provisions relating
9to probation, the attainment of permanent employment status, and
10dismissal that are applicable to employees of school districts with
11an average daily attendance of 250 pupils or more shall apply,
12including, but not limited to, Sections 44929.21 and 44948.3.

13(b) Unless otherwise provided by law, for a certificated
14employee of a county office of education with an average daily
15attendance of less than 250 pupils, the statutory provisions relating
16to probationary status, the attainment of permanent employment
17status, and dismissal that are applicable to employees of school
18districts with an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils
19shall apply, including, but not limited to, Sections 44929.23, 44948,
2044948.2, 44948.3, and 44948.5.

21(c) The following provisions are applicable to a certificated
22employee who is subject to the provisions of this section who is
23employed on July 1, 2015:

24(1) If the certificated employee has less than two consecutive
25years of service at the county office of education as of July 1, 2015,
26the employee shall complete his or her probationary period, and
27shall be granted permanent employee status upon reelection to his
28or her third year of service.

29(2) If a certificated employee has at least two consecutive years
30of service at a county office of education as of July 1, 2015, and
31has been reelected to at least a third year of service, the employee
32shall be granted permanent employee status.

33(d) This section shall become operative on July 1, 2015.

end insert
34begin insert

begin insertSEC. 3.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 44910 of the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert is amended to
35read:end insert

36

44910.  

begin insert(a)end insertbegin insertend insert Service by a person as an instructor in classes
37conducted at regional occupational centers or programs, as
38authorized pursuant to Section 52301, shall not be included in
39computing the service required as a prerequisite to attainment of,
P7    1or eligibility to, classification as a permanent employee of a school
2district.

begin delete

3 This

end delete

4begin insert(b)end insertbegin insertend insertbegin insertThisend insert section shall not be construed to apply to any regularly
5credentialed teacher who has been employed to teach in the regular
6educational programs of the school district and subsequently
7assigned as an instructor in regional occupational centers or
8programs, nor shall it affect the status of regional occupational
9center teachers classified as permanent or probationary at the time
10this section becomes effective.

begin insert

11(c) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2015, and,
12as of January 1, 2016, is repealed, unless a later enacted statute,
13that becomes operative on or before January 1, 2016, deletes or
14extends the dates on which it becomes inoperative and is repealed.

end insert
15begin insert

begin insertSEC. 4.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 44910 is added to the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert, to read:end insert

begin insert
16

begin insert44910.end insert  

(a) Service by a person as an instructor in a class
17conducted at a regional occupational center or program, as
18authorized pursuant to Section 52301, shall be included in
19computing the service required as a prerequisite to the attainment
20of, or eligibility to, classification as a permanent employee of a
21school district.

22(b) The following provisions apply to an employee subject to
23this section who is employed on July 1, 2015:

24(1) If, as of July 1, 2015, the certificated employee has completed
25less than two consecutive years of service at a regional
26occupational center or program operated by a school district or
27county office of education with an average daily attendance of 250
28or more pupils, the employee shall complete his or her
29probationary period and shall be granted permanent employee
30status upon reelection to his or her third year of service.

31(2) If, as of July 1, 2015, the certificated employee has completed
32at least two consecutive years of service at a regional occupational
33center or program operated by a school district or county office
34of education with an average daily attendance of 250 or more
35pupils, and has been reelected to at least a third year of service,
36the employee shall be granted permanent employee status.

37(3) If, as of July 1, 2015, the certificated employee has less than
38three consecutive years of service at a regional occupational center
39or program operated by a school district or county office of
40education with an average daily attendance of less than 250 pupils,
P8    1the employee shall complete his or her probationary period and
2 shall be granted permanent employee status upon reelection to his
3or her fourth year of service, as applicable pursuant to Section
444929.23.

5(4) If, as of July 1, 2015, the certificated employee has completed
6at least three consecutive years of service at a regional
7occupational center or program operated by a school district or
8county office of education with an average daily attendance of less
9than 250 pupils and has been reelected to at least a fourth year of
10service, the employee shall be granted permanent employee status,
11as applicable pursuant to Section 44929.23.

12(c) This section shall become operative on July 1, 2015.

end insert
13begin insert

begin insertSEC. 5.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 44929.21 of the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert is amended
14to read:end insert

15

44929.21.  

(a) begin insert(1)end insertbegin insertend insert Every employee of a school district of any
16type or class having an average daily attendance of 250 or more
17who, after having been employed by thebegin insert schoolend insert district for three
18complete consecutive school years in a position or positions
19requiring certification qualifications, is reelected for the next
20succeeding school year to a position requiring certification
21qualifications shall, at the commencement of the succeeding school
22year be classified as and become a permanent employee of the
23begin insert schoolend insert district.

begin delete

24 This

end delete

25begin insert(2)end insertbegin insertend insertbegin insertThisend insert subdivision shall apply only to probationary employees
26whose probationary period commenced prior to the 1983-84 fiscal
27year.

28(b) begin insert(1)end insertbegin insertend insert Every employee of a school district of any type or class
29having an average daily attendance of 250 or more who, after
30having been employed by thebegin insert schoolend insert district for two complete
31consecutive school years in a position or positions requiring
32certification qualifications, is reelected for the next succeeding
33school year to a position requiring certification qualifications shall,
34at the commencement of the succeeding school yearbegin insert,end insert be classified
35as and become a permanent employee of thebegin insert schoolend insert district.

begin delete

36 The

end delete

37begin insert(2)end insertbegin insertend insertbegin insertTheend insert governing boardbegin insert of the school districtend insert shall notify the
38employee, on or before March 15 of the employee’s second
39complete consecutive school year of employment by thebegin insert schoolend insert
40 district in a position or positions requiring certification
P9    1qualifications, of the decision to reelect or not reelect the employee
2for the next succeeding school year to the position. In the event
3that the governing boardbegin insert of the school districtend insert does not give notice
4pursuant to this section on or before March 15, the employee shall
5be deemed reelected for the next succeeding school year.

begin delete

6 This

end delete

7begin insert(3)end insertbegin insertend insertbegin insertThisend insert subdivision shall apply only to probationary employees
8whose probationary period commenced during the 1983-84 fiscal
9year or any fiscal year thereafter.

begin insert

10(c) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2015, and,
11as of January 1, 2016, is repealed, unless a later enacted statute,
12that becomes operative on or before January 1, 2016, deletes or
13extends the dates on which it becomes inoperative and is repealed.

end insert
14begin insert

begin insertSEC. 6.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 44929.21 is added to the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert, to
15read:end insert

begin insert
16

begin insert44929.21.end insert  

(a) An employee of a school district with an average
17daily attendance of 250 or more pupils, after having been employed
18by the school district for two complete consecutive school years
19in a nonsupervisory, nonmanagement position requiring
20certification qualifications who is reelected for the next succeeding
21school year to a position requiring certification qualifications
22shall, at the commencement of the succeeding school year, be
23classified as and become a permanent employee of the school
24district.

25(b) The governing board of the school district shall notify the
26employee, on or before March 15 of the employee’s second
27complete consecutive school year of employment by the school
28district in a position requiring certification qualifications, of the
29decision to reelect or not reelect the employee for the next
30succeeding school year to the position. If the governing board of
31the school district does not give notice pursuant to this section on
32or before March 15, the employee shall be deemed reelected for
33the next succeeding school year.

34(c) The following provisions apply to an employee subject to
35this section who is employed on July 1, 2015:

36(1) If the certificated employee has completed less than two
37consecutive years of service at the school district as of July 1,
382015, the employee shall complete his or her probationary period
39and shall be granted permanent employee status upon reelection
40to his or her third year of service.

P10   1(2) If the certificated employee has completed at least two
2consecutive years of service at the school district and has been
3 reelected to at least a third year of service as of July 1, 2015, the
4employee shall be granted permanent employee status.

5(d) This section shall become operative on July 1, 2015.

end insert
6begin insert

begin insertSEC. 7.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 44929.23 of the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert is amended
7to read:end insert

8

44929.23.  

(a) The governing board of a school district of any
9type or class having an average daily attendance of less than 250
10pupils may classify as a permanent employee of thebegin insert schoolend insert district
11any employee who, after having been employed by the school
12district for three complete consecutive school years in a position
13or positions requiring certification qualifications, is reelected for
14the next succeeding school year to a position requiring certification
15qualifications. If that classification is not made, the employee shall
16not attain permanent status and may be reelected from year to year
17thereafter without becoming a permanent employee until a change
18in classification is made.

19(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), Section 44929.21 shall
20apply to certificated employees employed by a school district, if
21the governing board of the school district elects to dismiss
22probationary employees pursuant to Section 44948.2. If that
23election is made, the governing boardbegin insert of the school districtend insert
24 thereafter shall classify as a permanent employee of thebegin insert schoolend insert
25 district any probationary employee who, after being employed for
26two complete consecutive school years in a position or positions
27requiring certification qualifications, is reelected for the next
28succeeding school year to a position requiring certification
29qualifications as required by Section 44929.21. Any probationary
30employee who has been employed by thebegin insert schoolend insert district for two
31or more consecutive years on the date of that election in a position
32or positions requiring certification qualifications shall be classified
33as a permanent employee of thebegin insert schoolend insert district.

34(c) If the classification is not made pursuant to subdivision (a)
35or (b), the employee shall not attain permanent status and may be
36reelected from year to year thereafter without becoming a
37permanent employee until the classification is made.

begin insert

38(d) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2015, and,
39as of January 1, 2016, is repealed, unless a later enacted statute,
P11   1that becomes operative on or before January 1, 2016, deletes or
2extends the dates on which it becomes inoperative and is repealed.

end insert
3begin insert

begin insertSEC. 8.end insert  

end insert

begin insertSection 44929.23 is added to the end insertbegin insertEducation Codeend insertbegin insert, to
4read:end insert

begin insert
5

begin insert44929.23.end insert  

(a) The governing board of a school district or a
6county office of education with an average daily attendance of less
7than 250 pupils shall classify as a permanent employee of the
8district any nonsupervisory, nonmanagement employee who, after
9having been employed by the school district or county office of
10education for three complete consecutive school years in a position
11requiring certification qualifications, is reelected for the next
12succeeding school year to a position requiring certification
13qualifications.

14(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), Section 44929.21 shall
15apply to certificated employees employed by a school district or
16county office of education if the governing board of the school
17district or county office of education elects to dismiss probationary
18employees pursuant to Section 44948.2. If that election is made,
19the governing board thereafter shall classify as a permanent
20employee of the school district or county office of education any
21probationary employee who, after being employed for two complete
22consecutive school years in a position requiring certification
23qualifications, is reelected for the next succeeding school year to
24a position requiring certification qualifications, as required by
25Section 44929.21. A probationary employee who has been
26employed by the school district or county office of education for
27two or more consecutive years on the date of that election in a
28position or positions requiring certification qualifications shall
29be classified as a permanent employee of the school district or
30county office of education.

31(c) The following provisions apply to a certificated employee
32subject to this section who is employed on July 1, 2015, at a school
33 district or county office of education with an average daily
34attendance of less than 250 pupils:

35(1) If the certificated employee has completed less than three
36consecutive years of service, the employee shall complete his or
37her probationary period and shall be granted permanent employee
38status upon reelection to his or her fourth year of service, as
39applicable pursuant to this section.

P12   1(2) If the certificated employee has completed at least three
2consecutive years of service and has been reelected to at least a
3fourth year of service, the employee shall be granted permanent
4employee status, as applicable pursuant to this section.

5(d) This section shall become operative on July 1, 2015.

end insert
begin delete
6

SECTION 1.  

Section 1296 of the Education Code is amended
7to read:

8

1296.  

(a) A person who, after being employed for two
9complete consecutive school years by a county superintendent of
10schools in a position requiring certification qualifications and
11whose salary is paid from the county school service fund, is
12reelected for the next succeeding school year to the position, shall
13be classified as and become a permanent employee of the county
14superintendent of schools.

15(b) (1) The county superintendent of schools shall notify the
16employee, on or before March 15 of the employee’s second
17complete consecutive year of employment by the county
18superintendent of schools in a position requiring certification
19qualifications, of the decision to reelect or not reelect the employee
20for the next succeeding school year to the position. If the county
21superintendent of schools does not give notice pursuant to this
22section on or before March 15, the employee shall be deemed
23reelected for the next succeeding school year.

24(2) The employee shall have the same rights and duties as
25employees of school districts to which Section 44929.21 applies.
26Sections 44842, 44929.21, and 44948.3 are applicable to these
27employees.

28

SEC. 2.  

Section 44910 of the Education Code is amended to
29read:

30

44910.  

Service by a person as an instructor in classes conducted
31at regional occupational centers or programs, as authorized pursuant
32to Section 52301, shall be included in computing the service
33required as a prerequisite to attainment of, or eligibility to,
34classification as a permanent employee of a school district.

35

SEC. 3.  

Section 44929.21 of the Education Code is amended
36to read:

37

44929.21.  

(a) An employee of a school district of any type or
38class who, after having been employed by the district for two
39complete consecutive school years in a position or positions
40requiring certification qualifications, is reelected for the next
P13   1succeeding school year to a position requiring certification
2qualifications shall, at the commencement of the succeeding school
3year, be classified as and become a permanent employee of the
4school district.

5(b) The governing board of the school district shall notify the
6employee, on or before March 15 of the employee’s second
7complete consecutive school year of employment by the school
8district in a position or positions requiring certification
9qualifications, of the decision to reelect or not reelect the employee
10for the next succeeding school year to the position. In the event
11that the governing board of the school district does not give notice
12pursuant to this section on or before March 15, the employee shall
13be deemed reelected for the next succeeding school year.

14

SEC. 4.  

Section 44929.23 of the Education Code is repealed.

15

SEC. 5.  

Section 44948 of the Education Code is repealed.

16

SEC. 6.  

Section 44948.2 of the Education Code is repealed.

17

SEC. 7.  

Section 44948.3 of the Education Code is amended to
18read:

19

44948.3.  

(a) First and second year probationary employees
20may be dismissed during the school year for unsatisfactory
21performance determined pursuant to Article 11 (commencing with
22Section 44660) of Chapter 3, or for cause pursuant to Section
2344932. Any dismissal pursuant to this section shall be in
24accordance with both of the following procedures:

25(1) The superintendent of the school district or the
26superintendent’s designee shall give 30 days’ prior written notice
27of dismissal, not later than March 15 in the case of second year
28probationary employees. The notice shall include a statement of
29the reasons for the dismissal and notice of the opportunity to
30appeal. In the event of a dismissal for unsatisfactory performance,
31a copy of the evaluation conducted pursuant to Section 44664 shall
32accompany the written notice.

33(2) The probationary employee shall have 15 days from receipt
34of the notice of dismissal to submit to the governing board of the
35school district a written request for a hearing. The governing board
36of the school district may establish procedures for the appointment
37of an administrative law judge to conduct the hearing and submit
38a recommended decision to the board. The failure of a probationary
39employee to request a hearing within 15 days from receipt of a
40dismissal notice shall constitute a waiver of the right to a hearing.

P14   1(b) The governing board of the school district, pursuant to this
2section, may suspend a probationary employee for a specified
3period of time without pay as an alternative to dismissal.

4

SEC. 8.  

Section 44948.5 of the Education Code is repealed.

end delete


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