BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                             SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                          Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair

          BILL NO:       AB 1792
          AUTHOR:        Gomez
          AMENDED:       May 23, 2014
          HEARING DATE:  June 25, 2014
          CONSULTANT:    Bain

           SUBJECT  : Public benefits: reports on employers.
           
          SUMMARY  : Requires the Department of Finance (Finance) to  
          annually transmit to the Legislature and post on Finance's  
          Internet Web site a report that identifies each employer that  
          employs 25 or more beneficiaries enrolled in a public assistance  
          program (Medi-Cal, CalFresh and CalWORKS). Requires Finance to  
          determine the cost to determine the total cost to the state of  
          the aggregated benefits provided to an identified employer's  
          employees who are beneficiaries under each public assistance  
          program, and the total cost to the state of the aggregated  
          benefits provided to each identified employer's employees who  
          are beneficiaries.

          Existing law:
          1.Establishes the Medi-Cal program, administered by the  
            Department of Health Care Services (DHCS), and, under which  
            qualified low-income persons receive health care benefits. 

          2.Establishes the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance  
            Program (SNAP), under which each county distributes nutrition  
            assistance benefits provided by the federal government to  
            eligible households. In California, federal nutrition  
            assistance benefits are known as CalFresh.
             
          3.Requires each county to provide cash assistance and other  
            social services to needy families through the California Work  
            Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program  
            using federal Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF)  
            block grant program, state, and county funds. CalWORKS and  
            CalFresh are administered by the Department of Social Services  
            (DSS).

          4.Requires the director of the Employment Development Department  
            (EDD) to permit the use of any information in his or her  
            possession to the extent necessary for any of specified  
            purposes, and to require reimbursement for all direct costs  
                                                         Continued---



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            incurred in providing any and all information, with specified  
            exceptions.
          
          This bill:
          1.Requires Finance to annually transmit to the Legislature and  
            post on the Finance's Internet Web site no later than April 15  
            of each year, a report that identifies each employer that  
            employs 25 or more beneficiaries enrolled in a public  
            assistance program (defined as Medi-Cal, CalFresh and  
            CalWORKS).

          2.Defines a "beneficiary" of a public assistance program  as an  
            individual who is both of the following:
                  a.        Enrolled in a public assistance program,  
                    unless the individual is enrolled by reason of  
                    disability or being over 65 years of age or is  
                    employed in a CalWORKs subsidized private or public  
                    employment); and,
                  b.        Employed by an employer for at least one  
                    quarter or three months.

          3.Requires the report to include all of the following:

                  a.        The employer's name;
                  b.        The employer's address, as filed with EDD;
                  c.        The total number of beneficiaries each  
                    employer employs;
                  d.        The percentage of the employer's total  
                    workforce in the state that are beneficiaries;
                  e.        The total cost to the state of the aggregated  
                    benefits provided to an identified employer's  
                    employees who are beneficiaries under each public  
                    assistance program; and,
                  f.        The total cost to the state of the aggregated  
                    benefits provided to each identified employer's  
                    employees who are beneficiaries.

          4.Requires Finance, in collaboration with the EDD, DHCS, and the  
            Department of Social Services (DSS), to determine the total  
            costs to the state of the information in e) and f) above.

          5.Prohibits the report, and any list provided to Finance, from  
            including the name or identifying information of an individual  
            beneficiary.

          6.Requires the report to remain available to the public on  




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            Finance's Internet Web site for at least five years.

          7.Prohibits the above provisions from being construed to  
            authorize an employer to discourage or prevent an employee  
            from enrolling or continuing enrollment in a public benefit  
            program while employed, nor to discriminate against an  
            applicant for employment or employee for applying to be or  
            being enrolled in a public assistance program.

          8.Requires Finance to be permitted access to and be provided  
            data and information from other state agencies as required to  
            implement the above requirements, to the extent not prohibited  
            by state and federal confidentiality statutes and regulations.  
            Permits Finance to enter into interagency agreements or adopt  
            regulations as are reasonably necessary to implement these  
            requirements.

          9.Prohibits an employer from discharging or in any manner  
            discriminating or retaliating against an employee who enrolls  
            in a public assistance program, and prohibits an employer from  
            refusing to hire a beneficiary for reason of being enrolled in  
            a public assistance program.

          10.Prohibits an employer from disclosing to a non-governmental  
            entity that an employee receives or is applying for public  
            benefits.

          11.Requires the director to permit the use of any information in  
            his or her possession to enable Finance to prepare and submit  
            the report required by this bill. Limits the information used  
            for this purpose to information obtained under this bill and  
            from the administration of personal income tax wage and the  
            disability insurance program, and allows this information to  
            be disclosed to Finance only for the purpose of preparing and  
            submitting the report and only to the extent not prohibited by  
            federal law.

          12.Requires DHCS and DSS, to the extent not prohibited by  
            federal law, to annually inform the EDD of the names and  
            social security numbers of all recipients of the benefits of  
            the Medi-Cal program, CalFresh, and CalWORKs program.

          13.Requires DHCS and DSS to determine the average per individual  
            cost to the state to provide the benefits of Medi-Cal,  
            CalFresh and CalWORKS. Requires DHCS and DSS to inform the EDD  




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            and Finance of these costs in order to calculate the  
            information that is required to be reported by this bill.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:
           
          1.Ongoing costs to DSS of approximately $330,000 to $480,000 to  
            support three to four additional IT personnel and one-time  
            costs of approximately $165,000 for automation to process and  
            transmit Social Security Numbers (SSNs) of recipients of aid  
            under any of the identified programs to the EDD. However, to  
            the extent that an existing file could be given to EDD for  
            data matches for the purposes of the bill, the costs could be  
            significantly lower for DSS. 

          2.One-time and ongoing costs of approximately $35,000 to $60,000  
            to EDD to develop a process for extracting and transmitting  
            data and ongoing costs to annual submit data. EDD estimates  
            there are 21 million recipients receiving aid from one of the  
            identified public assistance programs. 

           PRIOR VOTES  :  
          Assembly Rules:          7- 0
          Assembly Labor and Employment:5- 1
          Assembly Appropriations: 12- 5
          Assembly Floor:          52- 26
           
          COMMENTS  :  
           1.Author's statement.  According to the author, the Legislature  
            and Governor made a strong statement for working Californian  
            families in 2013 by raising the minimum wage. Yet the debate  
            continues. As policymakers we have an opportunity to examine  
            the economic decisions impacting Californians. This bill asks  
            the questions we as Legislators should know in order to make  
            reasoned and informed decisions regarding economic policy.  
            Does the State underwrite business finances by means of social  
            spending and assistance programs? If so, to what extent are  
            taxpayer resources redirected to backfill those employers? AB  
            1792 requires EDD to provide this list to Finance, and would  
            require Finance to collaborate with EDD to determine the total  
            cost to the state of the benefits provided to each identified  
            employer's employees under each public assistance program and  
            the total cost to the state of the aggregated benefits  
            provided to each identified employer's employees. The bill  
            would require EDD to prepare a report with this information  
            and provide it to Finance. 




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          2.Related legislation. AB 880 (Gomez), would have required a  
            large employer, as defined, to pay to EDD an employer  
            responsibility penalty for each covered employee, as defined,  
            enrolled in Medi-Cal based on the average cost of  
            employee-only coverage provided by large employers to their  
            employees, including both the employer's and employee's share  
            of the premiums, as specified. AB 880 failed passage on the  
            Assembly Floor in 2013.

          3.Prior legislation. AB 89 (J. Horton), of 2005, and AB 1840 (J.  
            Horton), of 2006, would have required the Department of Health  
            Services (DHS was the predecessor to DHCS) and the Managed  
            Risk Medical Insurance Board to collaborate in preparing a  
            report that identifies all employers who employ 25 or more  
            persons who are beneficiaries, or who support beneficiaries,  
            enrolled in the Medi-Cal, Healthy Families, and Access for  
            Infants and Mothers programs. Both bills were vetoed by  
            Governor Schwarzenegger. In his veto message of AB 1840,  
            Governor Schwarzenegger stated the report would provide little  
            value and fail to account for the complex and multi-faceted  
            decision-making process that employees and employers consider  
            when choosing health insurance. As crafted, the Governor  
            stated AB 1840 would yield incomplete information, based on  
            data that most likely cannot be verified, and include only a  
            subset of employers, employees and their families.

          4.Support.  This bill is co-sponsored by the California Labor  
            Federation, United Food and Commercial Workers, Western States  
            Council, and the Service Employees International Union Local  
            1000, which states that in 2013, California had the highest  
            number of working poor families in the country, with more than  
            one-third of the state's working families are low-income,  
            making less than 200 percent of the federal poverty line. When  
            low wages and lack of benefits leave workers unable to make  
            ends meet, they turn to public assistance programs for health  
            care, food, and other basic necessities. Supporters argue that  
            employers that pay low wages and offer no benefits shift the  
            cost of doing business onto taxpayers, and the cost of  
            subsidizing low-wage work is not cheap. A recent study found  
            that taxpayers spend $7 billion annually on public assistance  
            for fast food workers alone. Supporters argue that employers  
            that shift their costs onto taxpayers put responsible  
            employers at a competitive disadvantage, creating an unfair  
            playing field for business in the state. They also require  




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            taxpayers to subsidize their business model, rather than  
            supporting responsible employers. Supporter state that, since  
            2006, Massachusetts has produced an annual report on which  
            employers have 50 or more workers enrolled in public benefit  
            programs. Policy makers have used the report to analyze  
            utilization and financing of publicly subsidized programs,  
            identify trends and to track the effect of policies on the use  
            of public programs. The annual report required by this bill  
            would give policymakers a deeper understanding of the causes  
            and sources of underemployment, poverty wages, and the  
            economic impacts on Californians, businesses and the state  
            budget, would allow for identifying trends and tracking the  
            impact of legislation, and can be used by legislators in a  
            variety of ways to inform and craft effective policies.  
            Supporters conclude that employers will not have to submit any  
            documentation to the state, and the report will use only  
            existing state data, 24 states have released similar data, and  
            that Massachusetts and Missouri produce annual reports on  
            employers with workers on public health care programs to the  
            public.

          5.Opposition. The California Chamber of Commerce and business  
            groups write in opposition to this measure, arguing this bill  
            will paint a very misleading picture about the factors that  
            affect utilization of benefits and the different pressures  
            faced by employers in different sectors of the economy, all of  
            which could lead to misguided legislation that further burdens  
            California employers without helping the working poor.  
            Opponents argue the requirement in this bill that the dollar  
            amount of benefits utilized by a particular employer's  
            employees using the average, per individual cost for each type  
            of benefit undermines the ability to infer anything about an  
            employers' wages or to distinguish between employers whose  
            employees receive only minimal benefits in a program and those  
            whose employees utilize significant amounts of benefits,  
            particularly for CalFresh and CalWORKS as the average, per  
            individual cost is problematic because it would reflect  
            benefits received by unemployed individuals and disabled  
            individuals who are likely to need a larger benefit, thereby  
            averaging their level of need with the need of employed  
            individuals, who should arguably utilize fewer benefits. In  
            this way, the report would misrepresent the need of employed  
            individuals and how much the state is spending to provide  
            benefits to them. Opponents argue this bill would expose  
            employers to blame for benefits received by these individuals  
            even though their eligibility does not reflect employer  




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            policies. Opponents also contend this bill ignores the impact  
            of household size and the number of employed adults in a  
            household on eligibility, the measure counts employees who are  
            out on unpaid leave for extended periods of time, who are  
            therefore not working and have no income, even though their  
            need for public assistance does not reflect employer policies,  
            and the measure does not address concerns about including  
            seasonal workers in retail and agriculture, as their busy  
            seasons last longer than three months. Opponents conclude that  
            this bill will do nothing to drive up wages, make health care  
            more affordable, or otherwise improve the lives of workers,  
            and it could actually lead to misinformed policies that would  
            hurt those very individuals it seeks to help.

          6.What should be the public program beneficiary threshold for  
            the report on employers? This bill requires Finance to  
            annually transmit to the Legislature and post on Finance's  
            Internet Web site a report that identifies each employer that  
            employs 25 or more beneficiaries enrolled in Medi-Cal,  
            CalFresh or CalWORKS. The Massachusetts report uses a 50  
            beneficiary threshold and applies it only to employers with at  
            least fifty employees using public health care programs.  
            Should the beneficiary threshold in this bill be increased to  
            employers who employ 50 or more beneficiaries enrolled in a  
            Medi-Cal, CalFresh or CalWorks?
          
           SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION  :
          Support:  California Labor Federation, AFL-CIO (co-sponsor)
                    United Food and Commercial Workers, Western States  
                    Council (co-sponsor)
                    Service Employees International Union, Local 1000  
                    (co-sponsor)
                    American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
               Employees 
                    California Conference of Machinists 
                    California Conference of the Amalgamated Transit Union  

                    California Nurses Association 
                    California Professional Firefighters
                    California School Employees Association 
                    California Teamsters Public Affairs Council 
                    Communications Workers of America, District 9 
                    Engineers & Scientists, Local 20 
                    International Longshore and Warehouse Union, Coast  
                    Division 




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                    Professional & Technical Engineers, Local 21 
                    UDW/AFSCME Local 3930 
                    UNITE HERE 
                    Utility Workers Union of America, Local 132 
                    Western Center on Law and Poverty

          Oppose:Agricultural Council of California
                    California Asian Pacific Chamber of Commerce
                    California Association for Health Services at Home
                    California Association of Health Underwriters
                    California Association of Winegrape Growers
                    California Business Properties Association
                    California Chamber of Commerce
                    California Farm Bureau Federation 
                    California Hotel and Lodging Association
                    California Manufacturers and Technology Association
                    California Professional Association of Specialty  
                    Contractor
                    California Restaurant Association
                    California Retailers Association
                    International Franchise Association
                    Latin Business Association
                    National Federation of Independent Business
                    San Jose Silicon Valley Chamber of Commerce
                    Simi Valley Chamber of Commerce 
                    Southwest California Legislative Council 
                    Torrance Area Chamber of Commerce
                    UnitedAG
                    Western Growers Association


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