BILL ANALYSIS Ó AB 2007 Page 1 CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS AB 2007 (Grove) As Amended July 2, 2014 Majority vote ----------------------------------------------------------------- |ASSEMBLY: |73-0 |(May 23, 2014) |SENATE: |35-0 |(August 11, | | | | | | |2014) | ----------------------------------------------------------------- Original Committee Reference: ED. SUMMARY : Authorizes, until January 1, 2018, a virtual or online charter school, in specified circumstances, to claim independent study average daily attendance (ADA) for a pupil who resides outside of the geographic boundaries in which the school is authorized to operate. The Senate Amendments: 1)Establishes a repeal date of January 1, 2018, for the section that authorizes a virtual or online charter school, in specified circumstances, to claim independent study ADA for a pupil who resides outside of the geographic boundaries in which the school is authorized to operate and the section that defines "virtual or online charter school." 2)Requires, on or before December 31, 2016, the California Department of Education (CDE) to report on the CDE's assessment of the need for a virtual or online charter school to claim the independent study ADA of pupils enrolled in a virtual or online charter school that have moved outside of the geographic boundaries in which the virtual or online charter school is authorized for the duration of the courses in which the pupils are enrolled, as specified. 3)Makes technical and non-substantive changes to these sections. EXISTING LAW : 1)Provides that charter schools can claim ADA only for pupils who are residents of the county in which the virtual or online AB 2007 Page 2 charter school is authorized, or who are residents of a county immediately adjacent to that county. 2)Considers a charter school that does not meet the requirements to be a classroom-based school as a non-classroom-based school and as such, must have its funding determination approved by the State Board of Education. 3)Defines a virtual or online charter school as one in which at least 80% of teaching and student interaction occurs via the Internet. FISCAL EFFECT : According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, the effect of this bill would be as follows: 1)ADA: Unknown, but likely minor costs/savings (Proposition 98 General Fund) to allow students to remain enrolled in their virtual or online charter schools of attendance for the remainder or a school year in which they move out of the geographic service boundaries of that school. 2)CDE "report": Likely minor costs to the CDE to report on its assessment of the need for this new authority. The CDE estimates incurring additional workload worth about $30,000 to complete the report. COMMENTS : Students who transfer between schools, for reasons other than grade promotion, often encounter lower achievement levels due to discontinuity of curriculum between schools, behavioral problems, difficulty developing peer relationships, and in the end, face a greater risk for dropping out. While a student who transfers between online schools may avoid some of the social or behavioral issues, this bill addresses those students who are required to leave an online school and enroll in a brick and mortar school as well as addressing the academic concerns that will follow the student to any new school in which he or she enrolls. According to the author's office, "approximately 43% of virtual schools identify special education or at-risk children and youth as their target student populations. These include students in the juvenile justice AB 2007 Page 3 system and students who are at risk of dropping out." Additionally, the author's office indicates that virtual charter schools are an increasingly popular option among non-traditional students, including athletes, actors, and high-mobility students, such as children from military families. By allowing students that are enrolled in a virtual charter school to remain in that school if they are forced to move to another county in the state, the bill will allow a child to have continuity and continue to thrive in the school in which he or she is already enrolled. However, it is important to also weigh the benefits of continuity of instruction for a pupil against the potential difficulty of oversight by the charter authorizer. One could argue that oversight of charter schools is an essential element of success for both the charter school and for California's public school system as a whole. Geographic proximately to its authorizer ensures that a charter school can be properly supervised by its authorizer. To allow children to continue to enroll in a charter school that may be separated from its authorizer by nearly 1,000 miles would make meaningful supervision nearly impossible. This bill could be a slippery slope that makes it more and more likely students will be unable to access a credentialed teacher due to distance. Further, this bill may open the door to students attending schools that have no relationship to the community in which the student is living. The repeal date for the operative provisions of this bill will provide this Legislature sufficient time to evaluate the effectiveness of the flexibility provided by this bill. The CDE's report, required by this bill, may be a useful tool in informing the Legislature of its decision to extend these provisions beyond 2018. Analysis Prepared by : Jill Rice / ED. / (916) 319-2087 FN: 0004387