BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 2007
                                                                  Page  1

          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 2007 (Grove)
          As Amended  July 2, 2014
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |73-0 |(May 23, 2014)  |SENATE: |35-0 |(August 11,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2014)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    ED.  

           SUMMARY  :  Authorizes, until January 1, 2018, a virtual or online  
          charter school, in specified circumstances, to claim independent  
          study average daily attendance (ADA) for a pupil who resides  
          outside of the geographic boundaries in which the school is  
          authorized to operate.

           The Senate Amendments:  

          1)Establishes a repeal date of January 1, 2018, for the section  
            that authorizes a virtual or online charter school, in  
            specified circumstances, to claim independent study ADA for a  
            pupil who resides outside of the geographic boundaries in  
            which the school is authorized to operate and the section that  
            defines "virtual or online charter school."


          2)Requires, on or before December 31, 2016, the California  
            Department of Education (CDE) to report on the CDE's  
            assessment of the need for a virtual or online charter school  
            to claim the independent study ADA of pupils enrolled in a  
            virtual or online charter school that have moved outside of  
            the geographic boundaries in which the virtual or online  
            charter school is authorized for the duration of the courses  
            in which the pupils are enrolled, as specified.


          3)Makes technical and non-substantive changes to these sections.


           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Provides that charter schools can claim ADA only for pupils  
            who are residents of the county in which the virtual or online  








                                                                  AB 2007
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            charter school is authorized, or who are residents of a county  
            immediately adjacent to that county.


          2)Considers a charter school that does not meet the requirements  
            to be a classroom-based school as a non-classroom-based school  
            and as such, must have its funding determination approved by  
            the State Board of Education.  


          3)Defines a virtual or online charter school as one in which at  
            least 80% of teaching and student interaction occurs via the  
            Internet.  


           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, the effect of this bill would be as follows:

          1)ADA:  Unknown, but likely minor costs/savings (Proposition 98  
            General Fund) to allow students to remain enrolled in their  
            virtual or online charter schools of attendance for the  
            remainder or a school year in which they move out of the  
            geographic service boundaries of that school. 


          2)CDE "report":  Likely minor costs to the CDE to report on its  
            assessment of the need for this new authority.  The CDE  
            estimates incurring additional workload worth about $30,000 to  
            complete the report. 


           COMMENTS  :  Students who transfer between schools, for reasons  
          other than grade promotion, often encounter lower achievement  
          levels due to discontinuity of curriculum between schools,  
          behavioral problems, difficulty developing peer relationships,  
          and in the end, face a greater risk for dropping out.  While a  
          student who transfers between online schools may avoid some of  
          the social or behavioral issues, this bill addresses those  
          students who are required to leave an online school and enroll  
          in a brick and mortar school as well as addressing the academic  
          concerns that will follow the student to any new school in which  
          he or she enrolls.  According to the author's office,  
          "approximately 43% of virtual schools identify special education  
          or at-risk children and youth as their target student  
          populations.  These include students in the juvenile justice  








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          system and students who are at risk of dropping out."   
          Additionally, the author's office indicates that virtual charter  
          schools are an increasingly popular option among non-traditional  
          students, including athletes, actors, and high-mobility  
          students, such as children from military families.  By allowing  
          students that are enrolled in a virtual charter school to remain  
          in that school if they are forced to move to another county in  
          the state, the bill will allow a child to have continuity and  
          continue to thrive in the school in which he or she is already  
          enrolled.

          However, it is important to also weigh the benefits of  
          continuity of instruction for a pupil against the potential  
          difficulty of oversight by the charter authorizer.  One could  
          argue that oversight of charter schools is an essential element  
          of success for both the charter school and for California's  
          public school system as a whole.  Geographic proximately to its  
          authorizer ensures that a charter school can be properly  
          supervised by its authorizer.  To allow children to continue to  
          enroll in a charter school that may be separated from its  
          authorizer by nearly 1,000 miles would make meaningful  
          supervision nearly impossible.  This bill could be a slippery  
          slope that makes it more and more likely students will be unable  
          to access a credentialed teacher due to distance.  Further, this  
          bill may open the door to students attending schools that have  
          no relationship to the community in which the student is living.  


          The repeal date for the operative provisions of this bill will  
          provide this Legislature sufficient time to evaluate the  
          effectiveness of the flexibility provided by this bill.  The  
          CDE's report, required by this bill, may be a useful tool in  
          informing the Legislature of its decision to extend these  
          provisions beyond 2018.  


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Jill Rice / ED. / (916) 319-2087 


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