BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 2485
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 2485 (Dickinson and Ridley-Thomas)
          As Amended August 4, 2014
          2/3 vote.  Urgency 
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |71-0 |(April 24,      |SENATE: |32-0 |(August 20,    |
          |           |     |2014)           |        |     |2014)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    JUD.  

           SUMMARY :  Re-establishes pilot authority, which sunset last  
          year, for continuation of the controlled substances-related  
          eviction program pursuant to Civil Code Section 3486.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Re-establishes authority, which sunset last year, for  
            continuation of the Civil Code Section 3486 pilot program that  
            conditionally allows the city attorney and prosecutors in  
            participating cities to bring eviction proceedings against  
            tenants for committing nuisance violations involving unlawful  
            drugs or controlled substances, as specified.

          2)Revises specified information and data required to be reported  
            annually by Sacramento to the California Research Bureau  
            (CRB), and requires the CRB to submit a brief report  
            evaluating the merits of the pilot program to the Senate and  
            Assembly Judiciary Committees by specified dates in 2016 and  
            2018.

          3)Declares that this is an urgency statute to protect public  
            safety and makes findings that a special law is necessary to  
            limit application of the law only to specified jurisdictions.

          4)Authorizes the City of Sacramento to participate in the pilot  
            program, and establishes a January 1, 2019, sunset date for  
            the pilot program.

           The Senate amendments  :    

          1)Require a court hearing an unlawful detainer action pursuant  
            to the pilot program to enter a specified order depending on  
            whether grounds for an eviction or a partial eviction have  
            been established, and allows the court discretion to order  








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            immediate eviction or stay the eviction if the tenant can  
            demonstrate hardship, as specified.

          2)Provide that a property owner shall only be required to pay  
            the costs of investigation, discovery, and reasonable  
            attorney's fees upon acceptance of assignment and filing of  
            the unlawful detainer action by the city prosecutor or  
            attorney.

          3)Increase the reporting requirements to include two additional  
            pieces of information regarding the tenant against whom an  
            action is filed, and condition the authority to file an  
            unlawful detainer pursuant to this program upon a good faith  
            effort by the participating jurisdiction to collect and timely  
            report all information to the CRB, as provided.

          4)Authorize the City of Oakland to participate in the pilot  
            program.

           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8, negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill seeks to re-establish pilot authority for  
          continuation of the controlled substances-related eviction  
          program pursuant to Civil Code Section 3486.  With respect to  
          the City of Sacramento, authority for its participation in the  
          program was first established by AB 530 (Krekorian), Chapter  
          244, Statutes of 2009, but that authority lapsed on December 31,  
          2013, pursuant to the sunset date in that bill when no statute  
          was subsequently enacted to continue the program without  
          interruption.  According to the bill's sponsor, the City of  
          Sacramento, this bill is needed to correct that unfortunate  
          legislative oversight and ensure continued implementation and  
          evaluation of the program - which Sacramento plays a key role in  
          by virtue of its active participation and reporting of data.

          As recently amended, the bill now additionally authorizes a  
          second city - the City of Oakland - to participate in the pilot  
          program, and conditions authority to file an unlawful detainer  
          pursuant to this program upon a good faith effort by both  
          participating jurisdictions to collect and timely report all  
          information to the CRB, as provided, for further study and  
          evaluation of the program by 2019, when the pilot program is  
          scheduled to sunset.








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          According to the author, the pilot authority under the Civil  
          Code Section 3486 program has been and continues to be an  
          important tool needed to protect public safety.  The author  
          states that the bill will allow city attorneys to assist  
          landlords who are intimidated from bringing eviction proceedings  
          against tenants engaged in drug-related crimes and illegal  
          possession of weapons or ammunition on the premises.   
          Participating cities (including Sacramento) have had tremendous  
          success prosecuting evictions against persons possessing  
          controlled substances and illegal weapons.  These measures are  
          important components of cities' efforts to improve neighborhood  
          safety.  Many cities have found this program helpful in making  
          their neighborhoods safer and this program should be renewed for  
          an additional four years so that further information can be  
          gathered to evaluate its overall effectiveness."

          The Civil Code Section 3486 pilot program authorizes city  
          attorneys and prosecutors in participating jurisdictions, rather  
          than the landlord or property owner, to initiate eviction  
          proceedings against tenants for committing nuisance violations  
          involving controlled substances.  This special statutory  
          authority is unusual because traditionally only the landlord has  
          authority to file an unlawful detainer against a tenant for  
          recovery of possession of the property.

          Under the pilot programs, a city attorney or city prosecutor may  
          file an unlawful detainer action against any person for creating  
          a nuisance on the property by using or allowing the premises to  
          be used for a controlled substance purpose.  The city's action  
          would be predicated on its belief that a specified controlled  
          substance offense has occurred on the subject real property  
          based upon an arrest report or other law enforcement report.  

          In any unlawful detainer action brought by the city prosecutor  
          or city attorney under the pilot programs, the public prosecutor  
          must first give 30-calendar days of written notice documenting  
          the alleged nuisance or illegal activity to the landlord and the  
          offending tenant.  This notice is designed to give the landlord  
          the first opportunity to file an unlawful detainer action  
          against the offending tenant.  The landlord may then either file  
          the action or assign the right to bring the unlawful detainer  
          action to the public prosecutor.  If the landlord fails to file  
          an unlawful detainer action, or fails to prosecute such an  
          action diligently and in good faith, the city attorney or city  








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          prosecutor may file the action and may join both the landlord  
          and the offending tenant as co-defendants.  Recent amendments to  
          the bill provide that a property owner shall only be required to  
          pay the costs of investigation, discovery, and reasonable  
          attorney's fees upon acceptance of assignment and filing of the  
          unlawful detainer action by the city prosecutor or attorney.

          As recently amended, the bill requires a court hearing an  
          unlawful detainer action under the pilot program to enter a  
          specified order depending on whether grounds for an eviction or  
          a partial eviction have been established.  Specifically, the  
          court has discretion to:  1) dismiss the action; 2) order  
          immediate eviction or partial eviction; or 3) stay the execution  
          of an eviction order for a reasonable time if the tenant can  
          show, by clear and convincing evidence, that immediate eviction  
          would pose extreme hardship that outweighs the benefit to the  
          community.

          Participation in the program also requires the city attorney to  
          report specified information to the CRB about city attorney  
          involvement, property owner response, court processing, and  
          tenant reaction.  The law requires CRB, in turn, to evaluate and  
          report the merits of the program to the Legislature.  As  
          recently amended, the bill provides that the authority to file  
          an unlawful detainer pursuant to this program is conditioned  
          upon a good faith effort by the participating jurisdictions to  
          collect and timely report all information to the CRB, as  
          provided.

          To allow for better study and evaluation of the program, the  
          author has adopted several recommendations from the CRB to  
          revise the data items currently required to be reported.   
          According to the CRB, these revisions are intended to facilitate  
          information reported at the individual case level (i.e., for  
          each instance a notice is provided to the tenant) rather than at  
          an aggregate level, and to also make reporting less burdensome  
          by requiring data to be uniformly reported in a template  
          designed by CRB.

          The bill contains a sunset date of January 1, 2019, for all  
          participating jurisdictions, which allows the CRB four more  
          years to collect data and examine still unresolved research  
          questions about the program's effectiveness and implementation.  
           









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           Analysis Prepared by  :    Anthony Lew / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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