BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 2530
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 1, 2014

                  ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS AND REDISTRICTING
                                  Paul Fong, Chair
               AB 2530 (Rodriguez) - As Introduced:  February 21, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :   Ballot processing.

           SUMMARY  :   Requires an elections official, if using signature  
          verification technology when comparing the signatures on a vote  
          by mail (VBM) ballot identification envelope, to not reject a  
          ballot when the verification technology determines that the  
          signatures do not compare unless he or she visually examines the  
          signatures and verifies that the signatures do not compare.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Permits a county elections official, upon receipt of a VBM  
            ballot, mail ballot precinct ballot, or provisional ballot, to  
            compare the signature on the identification envelope with one  
            of the following to determine whether the signatures compare:

             a)   The signature appearing on the voter's affidavit of  
               registration or any previous affidavit of registration of  
               the voter; or, 

             b)   The signature appearing on a form issued by an elections  
               official that contains the voter's signature, that is part  
               of the voter's registration record, and that the elections  
               official has determined compares with the signature on the  
               voter's affidavit of registration or any previous affidavit  
               of registration of the voter, as specified.  

          2)Permits an elections official to make the determination of  
            whether a signature on a VBM ballot, mail ballot precinct  
            ballot, or provisional ballot, compares with the signatures on  
            file for that voter by reviewing a series of signatures  
            appearing on official forms in the voter's registration record  
            that have been determined to compare, that demonstrate the  
            progression of the voter's signature, and that make evident  
            that the signature on the identification envelope is that of  
            the voter.

          3)Provides that if the ballot is rejected because the signatures  
            do not compare, the envelope shall not be opened and the  








                                                                  AB 2530
                                                                  Page  2

            ballot shall not be counted.  Requires the cause of the  
            rejection to be written on the face of the identification  
            envelope.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown. State-mandated local program; contains  
          reimbursement direction.

           COMMENTS  :  
           
           1)Purpose of the Bill  :  According to the author:

               California voters are increasingly choosing to vote by  
               mail. During the November 2012 statewide election, for the  
               first time ever in a general election, a majority of  
               California voters chose to cast vote-by-mail ballots.  
               Current law requires a voter's signature on a provisional  
               or mail ballot envelope to compare with a signature found  
               in the voter's registration record. To accommodate  
               provisional ballots and the growing number of vote-by-mail  
               ballots, many elections officials use signature comparison  
               software to verify signatures. When software cannot verify  
               that a signature compares, the existing practice is that  
               the election official visually examines the signatures to  
               determine if the ballot will be counted. However, this  
               practice is not required by law. 

               Signatures often vary over time and human eyes may identify  
               a natural progression among the signatures in the voter's  
               record. A computer may fail to recognize that progression.   
               It is also possible that the county may have a poor quality  
               signature image - either on file or scanned from the ballot  
               envelope - that requires human eyes rather than comparison  
               by software. 

               AB 2530 codifies existing best practices in the use of  
               signature verification technology that both allow  
               California elections officials to use automated systems and  
               also ensure no voter's ballot is rejected without a human  
               review of the signatures.

           2)Signature Verification Process  : Current law requires a county  
            elections official, upon receiving a VBM ballot, mail ballot  
            precinct ballot, or provisional ballot, to compare the  
            signature on the identification envelope with the signature  
            appearing in the voter's registration record, as specified.   








                                                                  AB 2530
                                                                  Page  3

            If the signatures compare, existing law requires the county  
            elections official to deposit the ballot, still in the  
            identification envelope, in a ballot container in his or her  
            office.  Due to an increase in VBM and provisional ballots,  
            and to make the verification process more efficient, many  
            county elections officials use signature verification  
            technology to compare and verify signatures on ballot  
            identification envelopes.  

          Historically, the main reasons why a ballot is rejected for a  
            signature mismatch is because the signature is unreadable,  
            missing or has changed and is out of date.  As mentioned above  
            in the author's statement, computer signature verification  
            technology is not infallible and unfortunately there are  
            circumstances that may lead the verification software to  
            incorrectly determine that a signature on an identification  
            envelope does not compare to the signature on the voter's  
            registration record.  For example, the location of the voter's  
            signature on the envelope, a problem with the digital image of  
            the signature, or an outdated signature, all may lead  
            verification software to incorrectly determine that the  
            signatures do not match. Consequently, as mentioned above, it  
            is the existing practice of county elections officials to  
            visually compare signatures that signature verification  
            technology finds do not compare before rejecting a voted  
            ballot.  However, this practice is not required by law.  This  
            bill codifies this procedure.

           3)Previous Legislation  :  AB 1135 (Mullin), Chapter 271, Statutes  
            of 2013, expanded the list of documents a county elections  
            official may use to compare to the signature on a VBM ballot  
            identification envelope.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support                                       Opposition  

          Secretary of State Debra Bowen (sponsor)     None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Nichole Becker / E. & R. / (916)  
          319-2094 












                                                                  AB 2530
                                                                  Page  4