BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de León, Chair


          SB 1 (Steinberg) - Sustainable Communities Investment Authority.
          
          Amended: May 2, 2013            Policy Vote: G&F 4-2; T&H 8-3
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: May 23, 2013      Consultant: Mark McKenzie
          
          SUSPENSE FILE. 

          
          Bill Summary: SB 1 would authorize local entities, either  
          individually or collaboratively and excluding schools, to form a  
          Sustainable Communities Investment Authority (SCIA).   
          Participating entities agree to direct property tax increment  
          revenues to the SCIA to invest in improvements that relieve  
          blight in transit priority project areas, small walkable  
          communities, and sites designated for clean energy  
          manufacturing, as specified.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Potentially major redirection of local property tax  
              revenues from participating local agencies, excluding  
              schools, to an SCIA over a period of decades.  Since the  
              bill prohibits schools from participating, there is no state  
              fiscal impact related to the redirection of local property  
              tax revenues.

              Estimated one-time costs to the State Controller's Office  
              (SCO) in the range of $100,000 to $200,000 (General Fund) to  
              establish guidelines for periodic financial and performance  
              audits that include provisions for determining compliance  
              with affordable housing requirements as well as secondary  
              review and compliance measures for failure to achieve  
              initial compliance on the regular audit schedule. (Staff  
              assumes 1.5 to 2 PY of regulatory staff to establish  
              guidelines)

              Estimated ongoing SCO costs in the range of $150,000  
              (General Fund) on a periodic basis for accepting audits and  
              reviewing and approving secondary compliance plans submitted  
              by SCIAs who fail to comply with initial audit requirements.  
              (Staff assumes approximately 1PY of audit work on a periodic  
              basis)








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              Estimated ongoing costs in the range of $150,000 to  
              $200,000 (General Fund) to the Department of Finance (DOF)  
              to review and approve completed audits on a periodic basis.   
              The bill requires audits to be submitted to the SCO, DOF,  
              and Joint Legislative Budget Committee (JLBC), and specifies  
              that the SCO is not required to review and approve completed  
              audits.  (Staff assumes 1.5 to 2 PY of DOF staff would be  
              required to handle this workload to determine compliance  
              with guidelines)

              Unknown costs to the Department of Industrial Relations  
              (State Public Works Enforcement Fund) to monitor and enforce  
              prevailing wage requirements for SCIA projects.  These costs  
              would be reimbursed in arrears by charges on an awarding  
              body or developer for each project.

          Background: Historically, the Community Redevelopment Law has  
          allowed a local government to establish redevelopment agencies  
          (RDAs) and capture all of the increase in property taxes that is  
          generated within the project area beyond the base year value  
          (referred to as "tax increment") over a period of decades.  RDAs  
          used tax increment financing to address issues of blight,  
          construct affordable housing, rehabilitate existing buildings,  
          and finance development and infrastructure projects.  

          Citing a significant State General Fund deficit, Governor  
          Brown's 2011-12 budget proposed eliminating RDAs and returning  
          billions of dollars of property tax revenues to schools, cities,  
          and counties to fund core services.  Among the statutory changes  
          that the Legislature adopted to implement the 2011-12 budget, AB  
          X1 26 (Blumenfield) Chap 5/2011 dissolved all RDAs and  
          established procedures for winding down RDA activity.  Existing  
          law requires successor agencies to dispose of former RDAs'  
          assets and properties, at an oversight board's direction, in an  
          expeditious manner aimed at maximizing value.  Successor  
          agencies are required to make any payments related to  
          enforceable obligations, as specified in an adopted recognized  
          obligation payment schedule and remit unencumbered balances of  
          RDA funds and proceeds from asset sales to the county  
          auditor-controller for distribution to local taxing entities in  
          the county.  Successor agencies cannot enter into new  
          enforceable obligations.









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          SB 375 (Steinberg) Chap 728/2008, requires the Air Resources  
          Board (ARB) to provide each region that has a metropolitan  
          planning organization (MPO) with a greenhouse gas emission  
          reduction target for the automobile and light truck sector for  
          2020 and 2035, respectively.  Each MPO, in turn, is required to  
          include within its regional transportation plan a sustainable  
          communities strategy (SCS) designed to achieve the ARB targets  
          for greenhouse gas emission reduction.  Each MPO must submit its  
          SCS to ARB for review.  ARB must accept or reject the MPO's  
          determination that the implementation of a submitted SCS  
          submitted would achieve the greenhouse gas emission reduction  
          targets.  

          SB 375 also created and defines a "transit priority project" as  
          one that is: located within a half mile of an existing or  
          planned major transit stop or high-quality transit corridor; is  
          consistent with the general plan use designation, density,  
          building intensity, and applicable policies specified for the  
          project area in an ARB-accepted SCS; contains at least 50%  
          residential use on a square footage basis, as specified, and  
          nonresidential uses of 26-50% to a floor area ratio of not less  
          than .75; and provides a minimum net density of at least 20  
          dwelling units per acre.  Existing law also defines a "small  
          walkable community project" as a project in an incorporated  
          city, but not within an MPO, that is: approximately one-quarter  
          mile diameter of contiguous land completely within the city's  
          incorporated boundaries; a project area that includes a  
          residential area adjacent to a retail downtown area; and has a  
          density of at least eight dwelling units per acre or a floor  
          area ratio for retail or commercial use of not less than 0.50.

          Proposed Law: SB 1 would authorize local agencies, excluding  
          schools, to establish an SCIA to finance specified activities  
          within an investment area according to a specified Sustainable  
          Communities Investment Plan.  Among other things, this bill  
          would:
           Require an SCIA to comply with the provisions of the Community  
            Redevelopment Law (CRL), but requires 25% of tax increment  
            proceeds to be spent on affordable housing, rather than the  
            20% required under redevelopment law.
           Prohibit a city or county that created an RDA from forming an  
            SCIA unless the successor agency has received a finding of  
            completion from DOF.
           Place the specified limits on project area designations: (1)  








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            for regions within an MPO with an adopted SCS that has been  
            accepted by ARB, possible project areas may include transit  
            priority areas identified in an SCS and for each jurisdiction,  
            one small walkable community, as specified; or (2) sites that  
            have land use approvals or other controls restricting the site  
            to clean energy manufacturing and sites consistent with the  
            SCS, if those sites are within the geographic boundaries of an  
            MPO.
           Allow a plan for an SCIA to include a provision for the  
            receipt of tax increment funds, as specified, and provides  
            other specific requirements for the plan, in addition to what  
            is contained in CRL.  
           Authorize an SCIA to implement a local transaction and use  
            tax, as specified.
           Require an SCIA to contract for an independent financial and  
            performance audit every five years, consistent with the  
            guidelines established by the SCO.
           Require an SCIA to submit a plan for compliance to the SCO, if  
            the initial audit contains findings of failure to comply with  
            the audit guidelines.
           Establish a prequalification process for construction  
            contracts or subcontracts for entities that receive over $1  
            million from an SCIA.
           Require DIR to monitor and enforce prevailing wage  
            requirements, as specified, and require an SCIA to charge  
            awarding bodies or developers for DIR's monitoring and  
            enforcement costs.

          Related Legislation: This bill is substantially similar to SB  
          1156 (Steinberg), which was vetoed by Governor Brown last year.   
          The veto message included the following:

                I prefer to take a constructive look at implementing this  
                type of program once the winding down of redevelopment is  
                complete and General Fund savings are achieved.  At that  
                time, we will be in a much better position to consider new  
                investment authority.  I am committed to working with the  
                Legislature and interested parties on the important task  
                of revitalizing our communities.

          The author notes that many of the uncertainties pertaining to  
          the winding down of redevelopment are in the process of being  
          resolved and should be completed while this bill is moving  
          through the Legislature.








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          Staff Comments: SB 1 authorizes an SCIA to levy a transactions  
          and use tax, pursuant to the requirements in existing law.  All  
          costs to the Board of Equalization (BOE) to administer the  
          collection and remittance of that tax would be paid for by the  
          authority.  BOE notes that it would be difficult to establish  
          such a tax because the jurisdiction of an SCIA may not have  
          contiguous borders to existing local agencies, and the Board  
          would incur high administrative costs to identify specific  
          businesses in which the tax would be charged.  In addition, the  
          tax would be confusing to both retailers and taxpayers, which  
          could lead to substantial noncompliance.  There would be similar  
          confusion for election officials when presenting a transactions  
          and use tax to the voters within the boundaries of an SCIA for  
          approval

          SB 1 requires periodic financial and performance audits to be  
          submitted to DOF, the SCO, and JLBC, but explicitly specifies  
          that the SCO would not be required to review and approve  
          completed audits.  Staff assumes this duty would fall to DOF,  
          since the SCO is relieved of this obligation.  However, if an  
          SCIA audit is deemed out of compliance, the SCO is required to  
          review and approve plans submitted by an SCIA to achieve  
          compliance.  As part of this secondary review, the SCO must  
          ensure that the plan meets specified compliance measures.  It is  
          unclear why the SCO is relieved from the first-level review and  
          certification of SCIA audits, but is required to ensure  
          compliance with the secondary review of compliance plans.