BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 30
          Author:   Calderon (D), et al.
          Amended:  5/28/13
          Vote:     21 - Urgency

           
           SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 3/13/13
          AYES:  Wolk, Knight, Beall, DeSaulnier, Emmerson, Liu
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Hernandez

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/23/13
          AYES:  De Le�n, Walters, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    Taxation:  cancellation of indebtedness:  mortgage  
          debt forgiveness

           SOURCE  :     California Association of Realtors
                      California Bankers Association


           DIGEST  :   This bill excludes qualified mortgage debt that is  
          forgiven by a lender during the 2013 taxable year from  
          California taxable income, in partial conformity to the federal  
          Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007 (MFDRA).

           ANALYSIS  :    In 2007, Congress enacted the MFDRA, which provides  
          that taxpayers may also exclude from income qualified principal  
          residence indebtedness cancelled after January 1, 2007, but  
          before January 1, 2010.  


          California first conformed to MFDRA in 2008, and again in 2010,  
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          for debt discharged on or before December 31, 2012, with the  
          following differences (SB 1055 (Machado), Chapter 282, Statutes  
          of 2008, and SB 401 (Wolk), Chapter 14, Statutes of 2010):


           Taxpayers may only exclude up to $250,000 single/$500,000  
            joint of cancelled debt from income.

           Taxpayers may only exclude indebtedness on loans up to  
            $400,000 single/$800,000 joint of qualified principal  
            residence indebtedness.  The taxpayer must first reduce any  
            amount excluded for state tax purposes by any debt forgiven on  
            loan amounts above $400,000/$800,000. 

          This bill extends California's modified conformity to the  
          Mortgage Debt Forgiveness Relief Act for discharges of qualified  
          principal residence indebtedness until January 1, 2014.

          This bill is contingent upon the enactment of SB 391  
          (DeSaulnier, 2013).  This bill makes findings and declarations  
          to support its urgency and purpose.

           Comments
           

          When a lender cancels a borrower's debt, federal and state law  
          generally treats the amount of debt cancelled as income taxable  
          to the borrower.  Taxpayers do not include borrowed funds in  
          income in the year he/she receives loan proceeds because of the  
          obligation to repay the loan; the taxpayer is financially no  
          better off because the loan must be repaid.  When lenders reduce  
          the repayable amount, the taxpayer realizes a gain in his/her  
          financial situation because a portion of the loan proceeds  
          already received and not previously taxed need not be repaid.   
          In U.S .v. Kirby Lumber Co., 284 US 1 (1931), the United States  
          Supreme Court held that a company that had issued $12 million in  
          bonds and later repurchased some of them at less than their face  
          amount made a clear gain, clarifying a previous holding in  
          Bowers v. Kerbaugh Empire Co, 271 U.S. 170 (1926).  Congress  
          subsequently deemed cancelled debt as income, with exceptions  
          for:


           Debts discharged in bankruptcy.

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           When the taxpayer is insolvent, debt discharge is excluded up  
            to the amount of the insolvency, but triggers specified basis  
            adjustments.


           Certain farm debts.

           Debt discharge resulting from a non-recourse loan in  
            foreclosure.   

          Many Californians have seen the market values of their homes  
          decline below the amount of debt they incurred to buy it.  Some  
          homeowners have sufficient income, equity, and home value to  
          refinance.  Others cannot refinance, and attempt to sell their  
          home for less than they are obligated to repay their lender,  
          which is known as a "short-sale." Instead of a simple  
          transaction between buyer and seller, a short sale requires a  
          third party - the seller's lender - to agree to cancel the  
          borrower's debt in an amount equal to the difference between the  
          new sales price of the home and the original amount of the debt  
          issued to the borrower to buy it, plus any additional debt  
          secured by the property.  For example, a lender must cancel  
          $150,000 in debt for a borrower who purchased a home in 2005 for  
          $400,000, but wants to short sell it this year for $250,000.   
          The lender must assess the current housing market, the current  
          borrower's ability to repay the loan, and federal and state  
          incentives when considering whether to accept this loss.  While  
          lenders can claim principal forgiven as a deductible business  
          loss, the borrower faces a significant tax bill in addition to  
          the loss of any equity in the home at the time of sale because  
          any loan amount forgiven by the lender is income taxable to the  
          borrower absent legislation.  Additionally, any loan  
          modification that results in reduced principal may also result  
          in taxable income for the borrower.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, the Franchise  
          Tax Board estimates that this bill will result in General Fund  
          revenue losses of $50 million in 2013-14 and $5 million in  
          2014-15.

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           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/28/13)

          California Association of Realtors (co-source)
          California Bankers Association (co-source)
          Attorney General Kamala Harris
          Board of Equalization Chairman Jerome Horton
          California Independent Bankers
          California Mortgage Bankers Association
          California Society of Enrolled Agents
          California Taxpayers Association
          Center for Responsible Lending
          Orange County Association of Realtors
          Southwest Riverside County Association of Realtors


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, "Families are  
          stuck in financial limbo.  Homeowners currently in short sale  
          negotiations cannot finalize these transactions without  
          potentially incurring a tax they already cannot afford.  Yet  
          they do not have the luxury of time to wait to see if the state  
          will act to provide relief from this tax.  SB 30 is the right  
          thing to do.  Families forced to make the difficult decision to  
          sell their home as a short sale are already in financial  
          trouble.  They simply cannot afford to pay an additional tax on  
          money they have never actually received."


          AGB:d  5/28/13   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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