BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 3
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          Date of Hearing:   August 13, 2013

                  ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS AND REDISTRICTING
                                  Paul Fong, Chair
                   SB 3 (Yee & Lieu) - As Amended:  August 6, 2013

           SENATE VOTE  :   30-6
           
          SUBJECT  :   Political Reform Act of 1974.

           SUMMARY  :   Makes numerous significant changes to the Political  
          Reform Act of 1974 (PRA).  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Changes the terms "late contribution" and "late independent  
            expenditure" to "election-cycle contribution" and  
            "election-cycle independent expenditure," respectively.

          2)Requires a person who serves as a treasurer for one or more  
            committees to complete an online training course, designed and  
            administered by the Fair Political Practices Commission  
            (FPPC), before being designated as a treasurer for a committee  
            or not later than 20 business days after that designation.  

             a)   Requires the training course to address the statutes and  
               regulations governing the financing of campaigns, and the  
               duties and responsibilities of a treasurer under the PRA.  

             b)   Provides that each applicant shall be required to  
               certify, under penalty of perjury, his or her identity by  
               means of an identifier determined by the FPPC, as part of  
               the training course.

             c)   Permits the FPPC to charge a fee of up to $50 for each  
               applicant for training.

             d)   Requires a treasurer to participate in training every  
               two years.

             e)   Requires the FPPC to maintain a list of treasurers who  
               have completed training on its Web site.

             f)   Requires the FPPC, prior to developing the online  
               training course, to coordinate with one or more other state  
               agencies or departments, including, but not limited to the  
               Department of Technology, to identify any existing online  








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               training and certification courses that may be converted  
               and utilized for the purposes of this bill.  

             g)   Requires the FPPC to complete the development of the  
               online training course no later than December 31, 2014.

             h)   Provides that treasurers shall be subject to the online  
               training requirements created by this bill 30 days after  
               the FPPC has certified a training course, but no sooner  
               than January 1, 2015.

             i)   Provides that a treasurer who is required to complete  
               the online training course shall be fined no more than  
               $1,000 if he or she fails to complete that course.

          3)Declares the intent of the Legislature that the Secretary of  
            State (SOS) develop a statewide electronic filing system that  
            provides for the following:

             a)   Electronic filing of committee organization statements;

             b)   Electronic filing of lobbyist, lobbying firm, and  
               lobbyist employer registrations;

             c)   Electronic filing of campaign statements by all state  
               committees, without regard to the amounts of contributions  
               and expenditures;

             d)   Electronic filing of periodic reports filed by  
               lobbyists, lobbying firms, and lobbyist employers.

             e)   Electronic filing of reports by all major donors at the  
               state level when specified thresholds are met;

             f)   A statewide, Internet-accessible system that provides  
               for search capabilities that are data driven and  
               user-friendly for all members of the public; and,

             g)   A system that provides for lobbying and committee data  
               to be made regularly available to the public in raw,  
               machine-readable data format.

          4)Requires the SOS, not later than December 31, 2014, to develop  
            a feasibility study report (FSR) that will outline the  
            technology requirements and the costs of the statewide  








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            electronic filing system described above.  Requires the SOS to  
            consult and coordinate with other state agencies that he or  
            she deems appropriate including the FPPC with respect to data  
            transitioning.  Requires the FSR to include an examination of  
            the feasibility of establishing a statewide electronic filing  
            system that permits state-required committee disclosure forms  
            and reports to be imported into the statewide database,  
            according to data standards established by the SOS, from each  
            local jurisdiction that has its own electronic filing system.

          5)Increases the penalty imposed on a person or committee who  
            files a statement or report required by the PRA after the  
            deadline for that report from $10 for each day after the  
            deadline that the statement or report is filed to $30 per day.  
             Increases the maximum amount of such penalties from the  
            cumulative amount stated on the late statement or report or  
            $100, whichever is greater, to 150 percent of the cumulative  
            amount stated in the late statement or report or $1,000,  
            whichever is greater.  Provides that if the SOS is the filing  
            officer, he or she shall deposit two-thirds of any funds  
            received pursuant to this provision into the Political  
            Disclosure, Accountability, Transparency, and Access Fund  
            (PDATA Fund), and the remainder into the General Fund.






























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           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Creates the FPPC, and makes it responsible for the impartial,  
            effective administration and implementation of the PRA.

          2)Requires a committee, as specified, to file a "late  
            independent expenditure report" within 24 hours of making any  
            independent expenditure of $1,000 or more in the last 90 days  
            prior to an election.

          3)Requires a committee, as specified, to file a "late  
            contribution report" within 24 hours of receiving any  
            contribution of $1,000 or more in the last 90 days prior to an  
            election.

          4)Requires every committee to have a treasurer.  Prohibits an  
            expenditure from being made by or on behalf of a committee  
            without the authorization of the treasurer or that of his or  
            her designated agents.  Requires the statement of organization  
            for a campaign committee to include the full name, street  
            address, and telephone number (if any), of the campaign's  
            treasurer.

          5)Requires the SOS, in consultation with the FPPC, to provide an  
            online and electronic filing system for use by specified state  
            candidates, committees, lobbyists, lobbying firms, and  
            lobbyist employers.  This online reporting and disclosure  
            system is commonly referred to as the Cal-Access system.   
            Requires the SOS to make all the data filed using the system  
            available on the Internet for public viewing in an easily  
            understood format and to provide a means whereby entities that  
            are required to file statements or reports online or  
            electronically with the SOS pursuant to the PRA, can submit  
            those required filings free of charge.

          6)Provides that if a person files a copy of a statement or  
            report after any deadline imposed by the PRA, he or she shall,  
            in addition to any other relevant penalties or remedies, be  
            liable in the amount of $10 per day until the statement is  
            filed, as specified.  Provides that this late filing penalty  
            shall not exceed the cumulative amount stated in the late  
            statement or report, or $100, whichever is greater.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.  State-mandated local program;  
          contains a crimes and infractions disclaimer.








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           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose of the Bill  :  According to the author:

               In winter of 2011, the Secretary of State's online  
               campaign finance and lobbying disclosure website (also  
               known as Cal-ACCESS) crashed for nearly a month.  
               During that time regulated parties sought other means  
               of filing legally required disclosure forms; the media  
               and government watchdogs were forced to wait until the  
               system was restored in order to conveniently access  
               the system to do important accountability work.  
               Luckily, this crash occurred during a quiet time in  
               state politics and during a non-election year.  
               However, this incident only supported the ongoing  
               commentary among independent watchdogs, candidates,  
               consultants, lobbyists and media publications that the  
               decade-old design of Cal-ACCESS is outdated and does  
               not meet the 21st century data standards or demands of  
               today.


               In 2012, Common Cause sponsored legislation authored  
               by Senator Yee that created a dedicated funding source  
               for a new online disclosure system through  
               registration fees gathered from lobbyists and  
               political committees. Senate Bill 1001 created the  
               Political Disclosure, Accountability, Transparency,  
               and Access Fund for the purpose of paying for  
               maintenance and an eventual upgrade to the Cal-ACCESS  
               system.

               Senate Bill 3 is the second half of the Sunshine in  
               Campaigns Act (including SB 2). SB 3 is also a  
               continuation of the work done in Senate Bill 1001 with  
               its major provisions that require the Secretary of  
               State to conduct a feasibility study on the design and  
               development of a new online disclosure system that  
               meets today's information technology standards,  
               including online and electronic filing capabilities.

               SB 3 also makes important changes to what the state  
               designates as "late" contributions or independent  
               expenditures. This change will amend the term "late"  








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               with the term "election-cycle" which is less confusing  
               to voters and regulated individuals and closer to what  
               the FPPC designates these transactions in regulations.

               Finally, SB 3 will require campaign committee  
               treasurers to complete an online certification course,  
               designed and administered by the Fair Political  
               Practices Commission.
           2)Author's Amendment  :  According to the author's staff, the most  
            recent set of amendments contained a drafting error.  Those  
            amendments required one-third of the total amount of money  
            collected by the SOS under this bill for late filing penalties  
            to be deposited into the PDATA Fund, but it was the author's  
            intent that two-thirds of the late filing penalties-the entire  
            increase from $10 a day to $30 per day that is proposed by  
            this bill-to be deposited in the PDATA fund.  This analysis  
            reflects this proposed author's amendment.  
           
           3)Cal-Access Status :  Created in 1999, Cal-Access is a database  
            and filing system the SOS has used to make much of the  
            lobbying and campaign finance information available online at  
            no cost to users.  In November 2011, the Cal-Access system  
            went down, and the system was unavailable for most of the  
            month of December.  In response to a letter from the chair of  
            this committee, the SOS provided the following information  
            about the status of the Cal-Access system and the challenges  
            to replacing that system with a new (and more robust) campaign  
            and lobbying disclosure database:

               Cal-Access is a suite of applications developed in 13  
               different programming languages which, until  
               [recently], ran the system on a server cluster and  
               associated components?that are more than 12 years old,  
               using an uncommon version of the Unix operating  
               system.?While the [SOS] has the funding to maintain  
               the existing hardware and software, finding parts and  
               qualified people to do the maintenance on such  
               outdated equipment has been increasingly difficult?.

               The Cal-Access system went down November 30, was  
               restored December 7, went down December 9, and was  
               restored again on December 30.  The causes of the  
               outages were layered and complex, and no quick fix was  
               available?. 









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               The recovery efforts that [SOS] staff and contractors  
               pursued in December should stabilize Cal-Access and  
               enable it to continue running, but the system can  
               never be made stronger or patched with new features.   
               Any attempt to upgrade or modernize Cal-Access could  
               be as risky, time-consuming, and expensive as  
               developing and deploying a new system.  Even the  
               December work to restore Internet availability of  
               Cal-Access will not last forever.  It is highly likely  
               that Cal-Access will require more robust servers in  
               the next three to four years simply to continue  
               providing access to the ever-growing volume of  
               information.

               The cost of an entirely new system and the speed with  
               which it can be deployed will depend on many factors  
               and ultimately can only be borne out through the  
               state's IT procurement process, which history has  
               shown to be lengthy and expensive.  Before the  
               Cal-Access outage began on November 30, my office was  
               looking at existing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)  
               products, as well as systems used by other states to  
               prepare a feasibility study report (FSR) - the project  
               blueprint that is the required precursor for an IT  
               project and subject to approval by state control  
               agencies.  Any consideration of an FSR, along with the  
               subsequent legislative and gubernatorial review of any  
               budget change proposal to conduct a procurement, would  
               take into account the replacement of Cal-Access in the  
               context of the two major IT procurements - VoteCal and  
               California Business Connect - that my office is  
               currently conducting.

           4)Treasurer Training and Possible Amendment  :  In August 2010,  
            then-chairman of the FPPC, Dan Schnur, established a 25-member  
            Advisory Task Force charged with proposing regulatory and  
            statutory changes to the PRA.  One of the changes recommended  
            by the task force was to require online training of campaign  
            treasurers, to better ensure that they are aware of basic  
            reporting rules and legal prohibitions.  This bill would  
            require all persons who are serving as campaign treasurers to  
            undergo training at least every two years, and permits the  
            FPPC to charge up to $50 to each person who takes the  
            training.  This training requirement would apply to everyone  
            who serves as a treasurer for a committee that is organized  








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            under the PRA, regardless of whether the committee is a state  
            or local committee, and regardless of the amount of campaign  
            activity by the committee.  A treasurer who failed to complete  
            the training within the required time period would be subject  
            to a fine of up to $1,000.

          While the requirement to undergo training-and to pay the fee  
            associated with that training-is likely to be a small burden  
            to committees with high levels of campaign activity, and to  
            individuals who regularly serve as professional campaign  
            treasurers, the training requirement and fee could be a much  
            more significant burden for committees with relatively low  
            levels of campaign activity that rely on volunteers to serve  
            as campaign treasurers, and it may make it more difficult for  
            those committees to find people who are willing to serve as  
            campaign treasurers.  On the other hand, volunteer campaign  
            treasurers without much experience serving as treasurers may  
            have less familiarity with the PRA generally, and thus may be  
            more likely to benefit from the training.

          The committee may wish to consider whether the training  
            requirement in this bill, when combined with the potentially  
            significant penalties for failure to complete the training in  
            the required time period, is overly burdensome, or whether  
            those burdens are justified to ensure greater awareness of the  
            state's campaign reporting rules and legal prohibitions.  To  
            reduce the potential that the training requirement and high  
            fines could make it harder for smaller committees to find  
            treasurers, the committee may wish to consider lowering the  
            penalty for failing to complete the training in the required  
            time period from $1,000 to $500.

           5)PDATA Fund and Previous Legislation  :  SB 1001 (Yee), Chapter  
            506, Statutes of 2012, imposed a $50 annual fee on specified  
            committees that are required to file disclosure reports  
            pursuant to the PRA and increased the fee on lobbying firms  
            and lobbyist employers from $25 to $50 per year per lobbyist.   
            The revenue generated by the bill is deposited into the  
            newly-created PDATA Fund, and is available to be used for the  
            online and electronic disclosure of reports filed pursuant to  
            the PRA.  It is estimated that these fees will result in  
            approximately $490,000 of new revenue yearly for the PDATA  
            Fund.

          This bill seeks to provide an additional source of funding to  








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            the PDATA fund by requiring the increase in late filing  
            penalties collected by the SOS pursuant to this bill to be  
            deposited in that fund.  

           6)Related Legislation  :  SB 2 (Lieu & Yee), which is also being  
            heard in this committee today, increases the maximum fines  
            that can be levied for certain violations of the PRA, among  
            other provisions.  
           
           7)Political Reform Act of 1974  :  California voters passed an  
            initiative, Proposition 9, in 1974 that created the FPPC and  
            codified significant restrictions and prohibitions on  
            candidates, officeholders and lobbyists. That initiative is  
            commonly known as the PRA.  Amendments to the PRA that are not  
            submitted to the voters, such as those contained in this bill,  
            must further the purposes of the initiative and require a  
            two-thirds vote of both houses of the Legislature.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California Common Cause (co-sponsor)
          League of Women Voters of California (co-sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees,  
          AFL-CIO
          California Clean Money Campaign
          California Forward Action Fund
          Communications Workers of America AFL-CIO, CLC Local 9003
          Friends Committee on Legislation of California
          Secretary of State Debra Bowen
           
            Opposition 
          
          None on file.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Ethan Jones / E. & R. / (916) 319-2094