BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 48
          Author:   Hill (D)
          Amended:  5/8/13
          Vote:     21


           SENATE ENERGY, UTIL. & COMMUNIC. COMM.  :  10-0, 4/30/13
          AYES:  Padilla, Fuller, Cannella, Corbett, De Le�n, DeSaulnier,  
            Hill, Pavley, Wolk, Wright
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Knight

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8


           SUBJECT  :    Public utilities:  research and development projects

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill enhances the California Public Utilities  
          Commission's (CPUC) financial accountability by requiring  
          non-competitive research proposals for all projects requesting  
          more than $1.5 million of customer funds to undergo peer review  
          by independent experts.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Provides that the CPUC has regulatory authority over public  
            utilities, including electrical corporations, gas  
            corporations, heat corporations, and telephone corporations,  
            as defined.
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          2.Authorizes the commission to fix the rates and charges for  
            every public utility, and requires that those rates and  
            charges be just and reasonable. 
          3.Authorizes electrical corporations, gas corporations, heat  
            corporations, and telephone corporations to voluntarily adopt  
            certain research and development programs and authorizes the  
            CPUC to allow inclusion of expenses for research and  
            development in rates.

          4.Requires the CPUC to consider specified guidelines in  
            evaluating the research, development, and demonstration  
            programs proposed by electrical corporations and gas  
            corporations.

          This bill:

          1.Requires that when the CPUC reviews a request from a public  
            utility for authorization to incur expenses for a research and  
            development project, as defined, where the project expenses  
            are to be recovered from ratepayers and are in excess of  
            $1,500,000 per year, the CPUC is to administer a "peer  
            review."

          2.Defines "peer review" to mean a thorough, consistent, and  
            objective examination based on pre-established criteria by  
            persons who are independent of persons submitting an  
            application, or conducting the research and development, and  
            who are knowledgeable in the field of endeavor to which the  
            application or research and development pertains. 

          3.Requires that the peer review consider all of the following:

             A.   The overall scientific or technical merits of the  
               proposed research and development project.

             B.   The extent to which the same or similar research,  
               development, and demonstration work could be performed by  
               entities that the public utility does not select.

             C.   The appropriateness of the level of requested funding in  
               comparison to other projects by similarly experience  
               individuals using similar facilities performing in similar  
               timeframes and circumstances.

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             D.   The likelihood that the proposed work can be  
               accomplished within the proposed time and budget by the  
               investigators or the technical staff, given their  
               experience and expertise and available resources.

          1.Requires the CPUC, by December 31, 2014, and by December 31 of  
            each 3rd year thereafter, to prepare and submit a report to  
            the relevant policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature  
            listing all research and development projects where the  
            expenses of the project were or are recovered from ratepayers  
            during the previous 3 years, as specified.

           Background
           
          The CPUC's staff, in a report issued last February, found that  
          "the CPUC currently lacks a centralized system or programmatic  
          structure to review and track ratepayer-funded applied research  
          and demonstration projects" (Electric Program Investment Charge  
          (EPIC):  Staff Report).

          The CPUC currently grants research funding in general rate case,  
          energy efficiency, demand response, smart grid, California Solar  
          Initiative (CSI), and electric program investment charge EPIC  
          proceedings.  Additionally, hundreds of millions of dollars have  
          been approved for orphan applications, such as those for  
          electric grid research and cyber security, wave energy, carbon  
          capture and storage, compressed air energy storage, and storage  
          from wind energy.

          Together, the author has identified almost $400 million in  
          research funds approved by the CPUC in the last five years -  
          which doesn't include the annual $24 million and roughly $140  
          million that have gone to the Energy Commission to administer  
          energy research.

          Of the hundreds of millions of dollars in projects approved by  
          the CPUC without the help of the Energy Commission, the lion's  
          share of it has gone to a small number of projects that were  
          approved as sole-source.  None of those projects were subject to  
          review by independent experts - peer reviewed.

          This is despite the CPUC's stated preference that research is  
          awarded after an open solicitation whenever possible.

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          The federal Department of Energy calls for peer review of all  
          projects (other than those mandated by Congress), and requires  
          projects that have not been competitively bid to undergo more  
          rigorous review.  The CPUC has instituted none of this.

          Similarly, the CPUC has required virtually no reporting  
          requirements for customer-funded research. In this way, their  
          organization and tracking of the hundreds of millions of dollars  
          of research funds appears to be as poor as their  
          recently-highlighted budgeting practices.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/19/13)

          Division of Ratepayer Advocates
          Sierra Club California
          The Utility Reform Network

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/19/13)

          California Public Utilities Commission

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Division of Ratepayer Advocates  
          (DRA) writes:  SB 48 would instill greater accountability and  
          transparency of ratepayer-funded research, development and  
          demonstration (RD&D) projects authorized by the CPUC.  DRA  
          specifically supports the provision in SB 48 which requires the  
          CPUC to submit to the Legislature an annual report on all RD&D  
          projects funded in whole or in part by California's electric and  
          gas ratepayers.  Such a comprehensive report would provide the  
          information needed for the state to ensure that ratepayer funds  
          are used effectively in support of research and innovation in  
          the electric and gas sectors.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The California Public Utilities  
          Commission writes:  The potential unintended consequences of  
          this bill outweigh the benefits.  Potential consequences of the  
          legislation include discouraging peer review and sun shining of  
          the research and development (R&D) projects by favoring small  
          projects that do not trigger peer review (those under 1.5m) and  
          selection of projects through open solicitations.

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          The bill would discourage projects with statewide benefits by  
          encouraging small projects specific to the service area of an  
          applicant utility.  System - wide projects addressing the  
          interplay between utilities, such as integrating renewables into  
          the electrical grid or addressing the safety of the pipeline  
          network, would be more difficult to fund.  This will frustrate  
          the purpose of the R&D funds to address statewide infrastructure  
          and issues of concern to the ratepayers of more than one  
          utility.  
           

          JG:ej  5/20/13   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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