BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 62 (Lieu)
          As Amended  September 3, 2013
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :39-0  
           
           BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS     9-4  APPROPRIATIONS      12-1        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Gordon, Bocanegra,        |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |
          |     |Campos, Dickinson,        |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Bonilla, Holden, Mullin,  |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |
          |     |Skinner, Ting             |     |Eggman, Gomez, Hall,      |
          |     |                          |     |Holden, Pan, Quirk, Weber |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Jones, Hagman,            |Nays:|Bigelow                   |
          |     |Maienschein, Wilk         |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           
          SUMMARY  :  Requires a coroner to report to the Medical Board of  
          California (MBC) when he or she receives information indicating  
          that a death was caused by a Schedule II, III, or IV drug, as  
          specified, until January 1, 2018.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Deletes the requirement that the pathologist reaching or  
            approving the findings indicating potential gross negligence  
            or incompetence be board-certified or California licensed.

          2)Deletes the requirement that the pathologist be  
            board-certified or California licensed in order to avoid  
            liability for damages in a civil action as a result of  
            providing information in compliance with this law.

          3)Requires a coroner's report indicating gross negligence or  
            incompetence of specified licensees to also name any attending  
            physician assistants. 

          4)Requires a coroner's report indicating gross negligence or  
            incompetence of specified licensees to be filed with MBC as  
            soon as possible, or within 90 days, once the coroner's final  
            report of investigation is complete. 








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          5)States that when a coroner receives information based on  
            findings that were reached by, or documented and approved by,  
            a pathologist indicating that the cause of death is due to a  
            Schedule II, III, or IV drug, the information regarding the  
            death of the decedent, including whether the decedent was  
            undergoing treatment for a terminal illness or chronic  
            condition, if known, shall be provided by the coroner to MBC. 

          6)Requires the coroner to submit the report on a form provided  
            by MBC which shall be developed in consultation with the  
            California State Coroner's Association; requires the form to  
            be submitted within 90 days, or as soon as possible, once the  
            coroner's investigation is complete; and permits the form to  
            be submitted electronically. 

          7)Deems that a coroner's report detailing findings that a death  
            is the result of specified licensees' negligence or misconduct  
            and the report required by this bill are confidential; and  
            states that no coroner, physician and surgeon, pathologist or  
            medical examiner, nor any authorized agent, shall be liable  
            for damages in any civil action as a result of filing either  
            report in compliance with the law.

          8)Requires MBC to follow existing law regarding quality of care  
            complaints before referring the report to a field office for  
            further investigation if the coroner's report required by this  
            bill is treated as a complaint. 

          9)Sunsets the provisions of this bill on January 1, 2018, with  
            the exception of the provisions of 1) and 2) above pertaining  
            to the deletion of the requirement that pathologists be  
            board-certified or California licensed, as specified. 

          10)Makes technical and conforming changes.

          11)States that if the Commission on State Mandates determines  
            that this act contains costs mandated by the state,  
            reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those  
            costs shall be made, as specified.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, the overall fiscal effect of this bill is difficult  
          to predict, but given reasonable assumptions about the number of  








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          reports and costs based on current MBC statistics, estimates for  
          ongoing costs are as follows, through calendar year 2017: 

          1)$700,000 annually to the MBC (Contingent Fund of the MBC) to  
            handle increased workload related to review and investigate  
            approximately 700 new reports.

          2)$1.8 million to the Department of Justice to handle  
            approximately 50 new cases per year (charged to the Contingent  
            Fund of the MBC).  

          3)Potential state-reimbursable mandate costs in the range of  
            $100,000 General Fund (GF) annually to county coroner's  
            offices for new required reports.

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose of this bill  .  This bill requires coroners to report  
            prescription drug deaths to MBC in order to aid in MBC's  
            oversight of physicians and surgeons and help reduce the  
            overprescribing of dangerous drugs.  This bill is  
            author-sponsored.  

           2)LA Times series on prescription drug overdoses  .  A Los Angeles  
            Times investigative series in Fall 2012 entitled "Dying for  
            Relief" analyzed coroners' reports for over 3,000 deaths  
            occurring in four counties (Los Angeles, Orange, Ventura and  
            San Diego) where the cause of death was overdose by  
            prescription drugs.  

          The analysis found that in nearly half of these cases, the drug  
            that caused the overdose had been prescribed directly to the  
            decedent, as opposed to drugs that were stolen or diverted  
            from another patient.  The report also found that more than 80  
            of the doctors whose names were listed on prescription bottles  
            related to the decedent had been the prescribing physician for  
            three or more dead patients, including one doctor who was  
            linked to as many as 16 dead patients.  
                                                   
           3)MBC sunset report  .  Current law requires a coroner to report  
            to the appropriate regulatory board within DCA when the  
            coroner determines that a death may be the result of gross  
            negligence or incompetence by a physician and surgeon,  
            podiatrist or physician assistant.  While this reporting is  








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            mandatory under existing law, it is not strictly enforced:  
            only four reports were received by MBC in Fiscal Year 2011-12,  
            and only one of those reports indicated a drug-related death.   


            While it is quite likely that more than one death in  
            California during 2011-12 was due to grossly negligent or  
            incompetent prescribing, MBC is not receiving the required  
            reports because coroners may be hesitant to declare the deaths  
            to be caused by negligent or incompetent prescribing because  
            of a lack of information about the case.  Coroners are not  
            privy to a decedent's medical record or history, so a  
            determination about whether or not the physician's care could  
            be highly speculative.         

            In order to avoid the problem of underreporting because of the  
            coroners' unwanted responsibility to make difficult causation  
            determinations, this bill simply requires all deaths related  
            to prescription drug overdoses to be reported to MBC for  
            further investigation.  This would allow MBC to determine  
            whether a prescriber was acting inappropriately.  
           
          4)Understanding drug schedules  .  Drugs and other substances that  
            are considered controlled substances under the Controlled  
            Substances Act are divided into five schedules by the United  
            States Drug Enforcement Agency.  Substances are placed in  
            their respective schedules based on whether they have a  
            currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United  
            States, their relative abuse potential, and likelihood of  
            causing dependence when abused.   

             Schedule I drugs have been deemed to have "no currently  
            accepted medical use in the United States, a lack of accepted  
            safety for use under medical supervision, and a high potential  
            for abuse."  Examples of Schedule I drugs include heroin, LSD,  
            marijuana and Ecstasy. 

            On the opposite end of the spectrum, Schedule V drugs have a  
            low potential for abuse, and consist primarily of drugs  
            containing limited quantities of certain narcotics.  Schedule  
            V substances would include over-the-counter cough syrups like  
            Robitussin AC.
           









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          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sarah Huchel / B.,P. & C.P. / (916)  
          319-3301 


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