BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                            



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                                       CONSENT


          Bill No:  SCR 54
          Author:   Padilla (D)
          Amended:  As introduced
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 7/2/13
          AYES:  Walters, Anderson, Corbett, Jackson, Leno, Monning
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Evans

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8


           SUBJECT  :    California Law Revision Commission

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This resolution requires the California Law Revision  
          Commission (CLRC) to report to the Legislature recommendations  
          to revise statutes governing access by state and local  
          government agencies to customer information from communications  
          service providers, as specified.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Authorizes the California Law Revision Commission to study  
            topics approved by concurrent resolution of the Legislature.

          2.Prohibits an employee or member of the CLRC, with respect to  
            any proposed legislation concerning matters assigned to the  
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            commission for study, advocate for the passage or defeat of  
            the legislation by the Legislature or the approval or veto of  
            the legislation by the Governor or appear before any committee  
            of the Legislature unless requested to do so by the committee  
            or its chairperson.
           
          This resolution:

          1.Requires the CLRC to report to the Legislature recommendations  
            to revise statutes governing access by state and local  
            government agencies to customer information from  
            communications service providers in order to do all of the  
            following:

             A.   Update statutes to reflect 21st Century mobile and  
               Internet-based technologies;

             B.   Protect customers' constitutional rights, including, but  
               not limited to, the rights of privacy and free speech, and  
               the freedom from unlawful searches and seizures;

             C.   Enable state and local government agencies to protect  
               public safety; and

             D.   Clarify the process communications service providers are  
               required to follow in response to requests from state and  
               local agencies for customer information or in order to take  
               action that would affect a customer's service, with a  
               specific description of whether a subpoena, warrant, court  
               order, or other process or documentation is required.

          1.Makes the following legislative statements:

             A.   Widespread use of 21st Century mobile and Internet-based  
               communications technologies and services enable service  
               providers to monitor, collect, and retain large quantities  
               of information regarding customers, including when and with  
               whom a customer communicates or transacts business,  
               location data, and the content of communications;

             B.   Government requests to communications service providers  
               for customer information have increased dramatically in  
               recent years, especially by law enforcement agencies; 


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             C.   California statutes governing access to customer  
               information lack clarity and uniform definitions as to the  
               legal standard for government agencies to obtain customer  
               information from communications service providers, and many  
               were enacted prior to the advent of wireless mobile  
               services and the Internet; and

             D.   Revising and updating these statutes is necessary to  
               reflect modern technologies and clarify the rights and  
               responsibilities of customers, communications service  
               providers, and government agencies seeking access to  
               customer information.

           Background
           
          The CLRC was created in 1953 and tasked with the responsibility  
          for a continuing substantive review of California statutory and  
          decisional law.  The CLRC studies the law in order to discover  
          defects and make related recommendations to the Legislature for  
          needed reforms.  

          The CLRC's enabling statute recognizes two types of topics the  
          CLRC is authorized to study:  (1) those that the CLRC identifies  
          for study and lists in the Calendar of Topics that it reports to  
          the Legislature; and (2) those that the Legislature assigns to  
          the CLRC directly, by statute or concurrent resolution.  In the  
          past, the bulk of the CLRC's study topics have come through the  
          first route - matters identified by the CLRC and approved by the  
          Legislature.  Once the CLRC identifies a topic for study, it  
          cannot begin to work on the topic until the Legislature, by  
          concurrent resolution, authorizes the CLRC to conduct the study.  
           Direct legislative assignments have become much more common in  
          recent years, and many of the CLRC's recent studies were  
          directly assigned by the Legislature.

           Comments
           
          According to the author's office, California statutes governing  
          access by state and local government agencies to customer  
          information from communications service providers lack a clear  
          framework and defined legal standard for when government can  
          obtain customer information and from whom.  These statutes are  
          scattered throughout the California Code and lack consistent and  
          clear definitions for what is required when a service provider  

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          gets a request for information.  Many of the statutes were  
          enacted in the era of monopoly landline telephone service do not  
          reflect the vast amount of information available with modern  
          technologies from numerous providers.  

          An update is needed because widespread use of 21st Century  
          mobile and Internet-based communications technologies and  
          services enable service providers to monitor, collect and retain  
          large quantities of information about customers, including when  
          and with whom a customer communicates or transacts business,  
          location data, and the content of communications.  Nearly all  
          Californians (92%) have a cell phone, 58% of them have a  
          smartphone, and nearly all (86%) use the Internet at least  
          occasionally, according to a new survey by the Public Policy  
          Institute of California released June 26, 2013.  As use of these  
          services increases, so have law enforcement requests to  
          providers for customer information.  A Congressional inquiry  
          last year found that requests to service providers from law  
          enforcement increased between 12% and 16% in each of the  
          previous five years.  The time is now to update California law  
          to reflect when and how state and local government can obtain  
          customer information related to the ever-expanding use of modern  
          communications services.

           Prior Legislation
           
          AB 567 (Wagner, Chapter 15, Statutes of 2013) repealed the  
          requirement that the CLRC make the decennial recommendations,  
          and retained the CLRC's general authority to study, review, and  
          make recommendations regarding the enforcement of judgments law.

          ACR 98 (Wagner, Resolution Chapter 108, Statutes of 2012)  
          required the CLRC, before commencing work on any project within  
          the calendar of topics the Legislature has authorized or  
          directed the CLRC to study, to submit a detailed description to  
          legislative members, as specified, and required the CLRC to  
          provide a copy of a commission recommendation to each member of  
          a policy committee that is hearing a bill that would implement  
          the recommendation.

          ACR 49 (Evans, Resolution Chapter 98, Statutes of 2009) required  
          the CLRC, prior to commencing work on any project within the  
          list of topics authorized or directed for study by the  
          Legislature, to submit a detailed description of the scope of  

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          work to the Chairs and Vice Chairs of the Committees on  
          Judiciary of the Senate and Assembly, and if during the course  
          of the project there is a major change to the scope of work,  
          submit a description of the change.

          ACR 125 (Papan, Resolution Chapter 167, Statutes of 2002)  
          authorized the CLRC to study, report on, and prepare recommended  
          legislation concerning the issue of financial privacy to address  
          protection and control of a consumer's personal information and  
          provide both administrative and civil penalties.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Fiscal Com.:  Yes



          AL:nl  8/13/13   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  NONE RECEIVED

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