BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                            



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                        SB 156|
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                                 UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 156
          Author:   Beall (D), et al.
          Amended:  6/19/13
          Vote:     21


           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/23/13
          AYES:  Evans, Walters, Anderson, Corbett, Jackson, Leno, Monning

           SENATE FLOOR  :  37-0, 4/29/13
          AYES:  Anderson, Beall, Berryhill, Block, Calderon, Cannella,  
            Corbett, Correa, De León, DeSaulnier, Emmerson, Evans, Fuller,  
            Gaines, Galgiani, Hancock, Hernandez, Hill, Hueso, Huff,  
            Jackson, Knight, Lara, Leno, Lieu, Monning, Nielsen, Padilla,  
            Pavley, Price, Roth, Steinberg, Walters, Wolk, Wright, Wyland,  
            Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Liu, Vacancy, Vacancy

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 6/27/13 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Conservatorships and guardianships:  attorney's fees

           SOURCE  :     California Senior Legislature


           DIGEST  :    This bill authorizes a court to award specified  
          litigation costs incurred by a guardian or conservator in  
          defending the compensation in a petition, including attorney's  
          fees, as specified.

           Assembly Amendments  authorize the court to award specified  
          litigation costs incurred by the guardian or conservator in  
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          defending the compensation in the petition, including attorney's  
          fees only if the guardian or conservator first proves that  
          he/she made a good faith effort to informally resolve all  
          objections, that he/she acted in good faith in defending the  
          petition, and that it is in the best interest of the ward or  
          conservatee to award the costs.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Requires that a guardian or conservator be allowed payment for  
            reasonable expenses incurred in the exercise of the powers and  
            performance of his/her duties (including costs of surety bonds  
            furnished, reasonable attorney's fees, and other just and  
            reasonable compensation for services rendered to the  
            conservatee or ward) and for other reasonable expenses, as  
            specified.

          2.Provides that, at any time after the filing of the inventory  
            and appraisal, but not before the expiration of 90 days from  
            the issuance of letters or any other period of time as the  
            court for good cause orders, the guardian or conservator of  
            the estate may petition the court for an order fixing and  
            allowing compensation to the guardian or conservator of the  
            estate or person for services rendered at that time or to the  
            guardian's or conservator's attorney for services rendered to  
            that time.  (Prob. Code Sec. 2640 (a).)

          3.Requires, upon the hearing, the court to make an order  
            allowing, (1) any compensation requested in the petition the  
            court determines is just and reasonable to the guardian or  
            conservator of the estate and/or person for services rendered,  
            and (2) any compensation requested in the petition the court  
            determines is reasonable to the guardian's or conservator's  
            attorney for services rendered.  The compensation allowed to  
            the guardian or conservator of the person or estate, and to  
            the attorney, may, in the discretion of the court, include  
            compensation for services rendered before the date of the  
            order appointing the guardian or conservator.  The  
            compensation allowed shall thereupon be charged to the estate.  
             (Prob. Code Sec. 2640 (c).)

          4.Provides that the guardian or conservator shall not be  

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            compensated from the estate for any costs or fees that the  
            guardian or conservator incurred in unsuccessfully opposing a  
            petition, or other request or action, made by or on behalf of  
            the ward or conservatee, unless the court determines that the  
            opposition was made in good faith, based on the interests of  
            the ward or conservatee.  (Prob. Code Sections. 2623 (b), 2640  
            (d).)

          5.Prohibits conservators and guardians from receiving any  
            compensation for unsuccessfully defending their fee petitions,  
            unless the guardian or conservator proves to the satisfaction  
            of the court provided specified actions have been taken.

          This bill:

          1.Provides that a guardian or conservator may not be compensated  
            from the ward's or conservatee's estate for any costs or fees,  
            including attorney's fees, that the guardian or conservator  
            incurred in defending the compensation in the petition, which  
            compensation the court reduced or denied.

          2.Provides, however, if the guardian or conservator proves to  
            the satisfaction of the court all of the following, then the  
            court has the discretion to grant or deny, in whole or in  
            part, an additional fee request:

             A.   The guardian or conservator made a reasonable and good  
               faith attempt at an informal resolution of each issue  
               presented by the objection to the compensation in the  
               petition;

             B.   The guardian or conservator acted in good faith and with  
               substantial justification in defending the petition, taking  
               into consideration the objections thereto, if any; and

             C.   It is in the best interest of the ward or conservatee to  
               make such an award.

           Background
           
          In California, if an adult is unable to manage his/her financial  
          matters, a conservator of the estate may be appointed by a court  
          to manage the adult's (conservatee) financial matters.  If the  
          adult is unable to manage his/her medical and personal  

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          decisions, a conservator of the person may be appointed.   
          Similarly, a guardian of the estate or person may be appointed  
          for a minor child (ward).

          A guardian or conservator is authorized to charge the  
          conservatee's or ward's estate for services rendered in  
          connection with managing the conservatee's or ward's financial  
          or personal matters.  The guardian or conservator is required to  
          file a petition for fees for services rendered with the court.   
          If the fee petition is challenged (filed as an objection to the  
          fee petition), presumably by an individual acting on behalf of  
          the conservatee or ward, and the guardian or conservator does  
          not prevail on the fee petition, the guardian or conservator is  
          prohibited from receiving compensation from the estate for any  
          costs or fees that the guardian or conservator incurred in  
          litigating the fee petition, unless the court determines that  
          the guardian's or conservator's opposition to the fee petition  
          objection was made in good faith, based on the interests of the  
          ward or conservatee.

          A recent Mercury News article exposed a problem with the  
          difficulty of conservatees and wards in challenging exorbitant  
          fee petitions.  The article reported that "a six-month  
          investigation by this newspaper found a small group of Santa  
          Clara County's court-appointed personal and estate managers are  
          handing out costly and questionable bills - and charging even  
          more if they are challenged.  The troubling trend is enriching  
          these private professionals - working as conservators and  
          trustees - and their attorneys, with eye-popping rates that  
          threaten to force their vulnerable clients onto government  
          assistance to survive."  (de Sá, Santa Clara County's  
          court-appointed personal and estate managers are handing out  
          costly and questionable bills, Mercury News (June 30, 2012)  
           [as of Apr. 14, 2013].)  Conservatees and wards,  
          under existing law, may be required to pay the litigation costs  
          of the conservator and guardian, but existing law does not  
          similarly allow a conservatee or ward to recover their  
          litigation costs, even if he/she is successful in challenging  
          the fee petition.

          This bill alters the existing one-way fee shifting provision and  
          provides a two-way fee shifting provision to authorize an award  

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          of attorney's fees and costs to the prevailing objector to a fee  
          petition.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/19/13)

          California Senior Legislature (source)
          California Public Defenders Association
          Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors

          ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          conserved adults who are being overcharged by estate managers  
          face a dilemma when they go to court to contest questionable  
          costs:  They must pay the conservator's legal fees - even if a  
          judge ultimately finds the conservators had filed unjustified or  
          exorbitant bills.  Many times, this gap in the law has placed  
          California's elderly and disabled adults in the untenable  
          position of choosing to accept the overcharges solely because it  
          will cost more to challenge them in court, win or lose.
          SB 156 provides judges with greater discretion to protect  
          estates from exorbitant billing and fees.  The bill also  
          balances the scales by creating a "loser pays" scenario in which  
          both sides risk paying their opponent's legal fees if they lose.  
           SB 156 will act as a deterrent to any unfair padding of costs,  
          thereby reducing incidences of contested cases; and for the  
          conservatees or their families, who do file frivolous  
          objections, they may still be required to pay "fees-on-fees."

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 6/27/13
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Atkins, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Blumenfield, Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown,  
            Buchanan, Ian Calderon, Campos, Chau, Chávez, Chesbro, Conway,  
            Cooley, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier,  
            Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell,  
            Gray, Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hernández, Holden,  
            Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal,  
            Maienschein, Mansoor, Medina, Melendez, Mitchell, Morrell,  
            Mullin, Muratsuchi, Nazarian, Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson,  
            Perea, V. Manuel Pérez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Salas,  
            Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner, Waldron, Weber, Wieckowski,  
            Wilk, Williams, Yamada, John A. Pérez
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Donnelly, Vacancy

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          AL:ej  7/2/13   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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