BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                          Senator Leland Y. Yee, Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 158                                       
          S
          AUTHOR:        Correa                                       
          B
          VERSION:       March 21, 2013
          HEARING DATE:  April 9, 2013                                
          1
          FISCAL:        Yes                                          
          5
                                                                      
          8
          CONSULTANT:    Mareva Brown                                
                                        
                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                     Autism services: demonstration program

                                     SUMMARY  

          This bill establishes a demonstration program, the Regional  
          Center Excellence in Community Autism Partnerships (RE  
          CAP), coordinated by a University of California or  
          California State University campus which defines  
          underserved communities in Regional Center catchment areas  
          and establishes guidelines to improve services, as  
          specified. 

                                     ABSTRACT
          
          Existing Law  :

          1)Establishes the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities  
            Services Act, which states that California is responsible  
            for providing an array of services and supports  
            sufficient to meet the needs and choices of each person  
            with developmental disabilities, regardless of age or  
            degree of disability, and at each stage of life and to  
            support their integration into the mainstream life of the  
            community. (WIC 4500, et al)  
             

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          2)Defines a "developmental disability" as a disability that  
            originates before an individual attains age 18 years,  
            continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely,  
            and constitutes a substantial disability for that  
            individual. This term also includes autism. (WIC 4512)

          3)Establishes in California law that the Department of  
            Developmental Services (DDS) contracts with private  
            non-profit regional centers (RCs) to provide supports in  
            order for the state to carry out many of its  
            responsibilities to provide fixed points of contact in  
            the community for persons with developmental disabilities  
            and their families, to the end that these persons may  
            have access to the services and supports best suited to  
            them throughout their lifetime. (WIC 4620)

          4)Establishes an Individual Program Plan (IPP) and defines  
            that planning process as the vehicle to ensure that  
            services and supports are customized to meet the needs of  
            consumers who are served by regional centers. (WIC 4512)  
                 
           5)Requires that any individual who is believed to have a  
            developmental disability is eligible for intake and  
            assessment services, and sets guidelines and timelines  
            for performing those services. (WIC 4642 et seq)

          6)Requires DDS to develop evaluation and diagnostic  
            procedures for autism spectrum disorders, as specified.  
            (WIC 4643.3)

           This bill:

           1)Establishes a demonstration program that shall provide  
            improved services, supports, interventions, and other  
            resources to assist individuals with autism spectrum  
            disorders (ASD), and their families, who are regional  
            center consumers and who reside in underserved  
            communities, as specified.

          2)Specifies that the demonstration program shall be known  
            as the Regional Center Excellence in Community Autism  
            Partnerships (RE CAP) program.

          3)Requires DDS to contract with a University of California  

                                                                       




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            (UC) or California State University (CSU) campus to serve  
            as a coordinating center to implement the RE CAP program.
             
          4)Requires that the coordinating campus center, in  
            collaboration with the participating regional centers,  
            identify and coordinate the activities and resources of  
            other participating entities and organizations.

          5)Requires DDS to do all of the following:

             a)   Define the responsibilities of the coordinating  
               center.

             b)   Establish appropriate criteria and parameters by  
               which regional centers may participate in the RE CAP  
               program.

             c)   Establish criteria and parameters by which specific  
               geographic areas in catchment areas of participating  
               regional centers shall be designated as underserved  
               communities.

             d)   Establish guidelines, best practices, and technical  
               assistance by which regional centers participating in  
               the RE CAP program shall implement measures in  
               underserved communities to accomplish any of the  
               following:

                 i.       Promote awareness and reduce the stigma  
                   associated with ASD.
                 ii.      Improve the early screening for ASD.
                 iii.     Improve the diagnosis and assessment of  
                   ASD.
                 iv.      Increase access to evidence-based  
                   interventions and treatments for ASD.

             e)   Establish indicators and outcome measures that may  
               be used to evaluate the efficacy of the RE CAP  
               program.

          6)Provides DDS the option to allow participation of the  
            regional centers to be on a voluntary basis, or as deemed  
            necessary by the department.


                                                                       




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          7)Requires that funding for the RE CAP program be from  
            existing regional center resources in combination with  
            additional resources provided by foundations, federal  
            funding, and other sources and as allocated by the  
            coordinating center for each of the RE CAP programs. 

          8)Requires that no additional state funds shall be  
            allocated for these purposes.

          9)Requires that the coordinating center implement RE CAP  
            only to the extent that adequate funding and resources  
            are made available.

          10)Requires that no later than January 1, 2018 the  
            coordinating center provide outcome information about the  
            efficacy of the RE CAP program to the appropriate  
            committees of the Legislature, DDS, the Governor's  
            office, and participating regional centers.

          11)Sunsets the program on January 1, 2019.

                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          This bill has not yet been analyzed by a fiscal committee.

                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION
          
          Purpose of the bill

           This bill is part of a package that arose from a hearing in  
          2012 by the Senate Select Committee on Autism & Related  
          Disorders that focused on disparities in services in  
          underserved communities. 

          According to the author, SB 158 will highlight California's  
          commitment and leadership to individuals with ASD and their  
          families by establishing landmark programs throughout the  
          state that will promote best practices for the appropriate  
          screening, assessment, and treatment of ASD for individuals  
          and communities that are currently underserved.

          Specifically, the bill "establishes an innovative program  
          that will identify, implement and disseminate  
          state-of-the-art interventions, supports and best practices  

                                                                       




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          to those with autism spectrum disorder and their families,  
          who are members of and underserved demographic ethnic or  
          racial group and/or residing in an underserved community,"  
          the author writes. 

           Senate Hearing

           The Senate Select Committee on Autism and Related Disorders  
          held an informational hearing on April 30, 2012, to discuss  
          questions surrounding equal access to regional center  
          services for consumers with autism spectrum disorders  
          (ASD). The hearing was prompted by a series of articles in  
          2011 in the Los Angeles Times, which explored the  
          differences that families of children with autism had in  
          accessing services. "Warrior Parents Fare Best in Securing  
          Autism Services" states that people of color, low income,  
          and socio-economically disadvantaged communities receive  
          fewer services compared to their white counterparts, and  
          found that DDS spent an average of $11,723 per child on  
          whites; $11,063 on Asians; $7,634 on Latinos, and $6,593 on  
          blacks.
           
          A key point of the series was that parents who fought more  
          for their children gained more services. Often, these  
          parents are wealthier, more sophisticated in navigating  
          bureaucratic systems, fluent in English, and able to devote  
          significant time to providing for their children. In  
          contrast, the article states, parents who work multiple  
          jobs, single parents, immigrants, those who can't speak  
          English, and those who have multiple children don't have  
          the time and/or ability to fight for the services that  
          their children are legally entitled to receive. 

          Non-English speaking families also are less likely to seek  
          regional center services and tend to be more comfortable  
          going to health clinics or providers who are culturally and  
          linguistically sensitive to their own race/ethnicity.   
          Often times, families of individuals who are eligible for  
          regional center services are engaged with community-based  
          organizations, which provide services and support to  
          communities with cultural and linguistic barriers as well  
          as socio-economic barriers.

          Though all regional centers are supposed to follow the same  

                                                                       




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          criteria, average spending per child varies widely from  
          place to place and race to race, according to data obtained  
          by The Times under the California Public Records Act. The  
          articles also noted that in 2010, the system served 16,367  
          autistic children between the ages of 3 and 6, spending an  
          average of $9,751 per case statewide. But spending ranged  
          from an average of $1,991 per child at the regional center  
          in South Los Angeles to $18,356 at the one in Orange  
          County.

          As a result, Senate President pro Tempore Darrell Steinberg  
          convened a 20-member Taskforce on Equity and Diversity for  
          Regional Center Autism Services, which was charged with  
          finding recommendations to ensure that consumers of  
          regional center services receive appropriate and timely  
          supports regardless of race, ethnicity, educational  
          background and other socio-economic factors. 

          A 119-page report, "A Preliminary Report by the Taskforce  
          on Equity and Diversity for Regional Center Autism  
          Services," was published on March 18, 2013. Among the  
          recommendations was the establishment of a uniform data  
          collection system that would enable a statewide comparison  
          among the regional centers on issues of equity, diversity  
          and cultural competency through a regional center  
          self-assessment evaluation (p. 35). The group also  
          recommended that the self-assessment information be used to  
          design future contractual objectives to enhance cultural  
          and linguistic appropriate services for consumers (p. 36).   
           

            Access to Health Care Services

           The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of  
          Minority Health has issued 14 standards for health  
          organizations to ensure Culturally and Linguistically  
          Appropriate Services (CLAS). In 2001, the Office of  
          Minority Health released a report<1> which identified  
          adoption of CLAS standards as a way to correct inequities  
          that currently exist in the provision of health services,  
          -------------------------
          <1>  
          http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/assets/pdf/checked/executive.p 
          df


                                                                       




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          and to make these services more responsive to the  
          individual needs of all patients/consumers. 

          Standards are intended to be inclusive of all cultures and  
          not limited to any particular population group or sets of  
          groups. However, they are especially designed to address  
          the needs of racial, ethnic, and linguistic population  
          groups that experience unequal access to health services.  
          <2>

          In 2011, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services'  
          Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee included research  
          on disparities among its top objectives. Specifically, the  
          committee recommended conducting at least three studies  
          nationally to identify reasons for the health disparities  
          in accessing early screening and diagnosis services,  
          including identification of barriers to implementation of  
          and access to screening, diagnosis, referral, and early  
          intervention services among diverse populations, as defined  
          by socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, and gender of the  
          child.<3>


           Regional Centers
           
          Regional Centers are part of a system of care overseen by  
          the Department of Developmental Services (DDS). With a  
          proposed budget of $4.3 billion for community-based  
          services in 2013-2014, DDS is responsible for coordinating  
          care and providing services for more than 250,000 people  
          with developmental disabilities who receive services and  
          supports to live in their communities, as well as  
          approximately 1,560 people who resided in developmental  
          -------------------------
          <2> US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of  
          Minority Health, "National Standards for Culturally and  
          Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care," March  
          2001, page ix.


          <3>  
          http://iacc.hhs.gov/strategic-plan/2011/IACC_2011_Strategic_ 
          Plan.pdf



                                                                       




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          centers as of March 6, 2013. California's 21 regional  
          centers are non-profit organizations that provide local  
          services and supports to individuals through contracts with  
          DDS. Services for consumers are determined through an  
          individual program plan.

           Autism

           Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurological  
          disorders that have an onset in infancy and can cause mild  
          to severe difficulties in childhood development. Among the  
          challenges of ASD are language delays, communication  
          problems, limited social skills and repetitive or other  
          unusual behaviors. Nationally, ASD affects an estimated one  
          in 88 children and is present across all racial, ethnic and  
          socioeconomic backgrounds. 

          Experts believe there is more than one cause of autism  
          including genetic factors and growing evidence of  
          environmental influences. As of December 2012, more than a  
          quarter of all consumers served by DDS had a diagnosis of  
          autism, nearly 60,000 Californians. Another 2 percent of  
          the DDS population, or about 4,500 consumers, had a  
          diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder, which is  
          associated with ASD.<4>
           
          Blue Ribbon Commission Recommendations

           SCR 51 (Perata, Chapter 124, Statutes of 2005), established  
          the California Legislative Blue Ribbon Commission on Autism  
          to study and investigate the early identification and  
          intervention of ASD, gaps in programs and services related  
          to the treatment and education of people with ASD, and the  
          planning required to address the "aging out" of children  
          who comprise the current epidemic of ASD.  The Blue Ribbon  
          Commission's findings included the following:

          1)   A significant number of children with ASD have not  
               been screened, assessed, or referred to early  
               intervention services in an appropriate and timely  
               manner.  In underserved communities, the delays are  
               longer and more frequent;
          -------------------------
          <4> Department of Developmental Services Quarterly Consumer  
          Characteristics Report Index, Jan. 4, 2013

                                                                       




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          2)   Many ASD programs and services require greater  
               coordination and integration to effectively serve  
               individuals with ASD throughout their lifespan;

          3)   Many ASD programs and services would benefit from the  
               availability of additional professional and  
               paraprofessional development and training; and, 

          4)   Highly effective programs and services for ASD should  
               be identified, analyzed, evaluated, and replicated  
               throughout the state. 

          The Blue Ribbon Commission recommended a demonstration  
          project at multiple sites, including at least one site in  
          an underserved community, that is based on culturally  
          sensitive best practices and that will serve as a template  
          to expand early identification programs.  

          The Blue Ribbon Commission recommended that the  
          demonstration project focus on distressed communities;  
          improve collaboration among providers; provide support to  
          families and caregivers; establish a seamless system for  
          service delivery between regional centers and local  
          education agencies; and promote smooth transitions across  
          programs for children with ASD from birth to kindergarten.

           Related Legislation
           
          This bill is part of a package of legislation drafted from  
          recommendations in the Taskforce's report. Other bills in  
          this 2013 package include: 

          SB 158 (Correa) would establish a pilot project coordinated  
          by a major university to identify underserved communities  
          in regional center catchment areas and improve Autism  
          identification and services in those communities.

          SB 208 (Lara) would require that a request for proposal  
          prepared by DDS or a regional center that relates to  
          consumer services and supports include a section on equity  
          and diversity.

          SB 319 (Price) Requires DDS to ensure that the regional  

                                                                       




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          centers collect, analyze, and report data in a way that  
          allows for comparisons across regional centers, and  
          requires regional centers to identify plans to reduce  
          disparities that are identified.

          SB 321 (Price) would require DDS to establish performance  
          contract guidelines and measures relating to issues of  
          cultural and linguistic competency.

          SB 367 (Block) would require Regional Centers to develop a  
          Regional Center Study and Planning Process for Equity and  
          Cultural and Linguistic Competency (RESPECT) to oversee  
          issues related to regional center staff and vendor cultural  
          and linguistic competency.

          SB 555 (Correa) would require that communication about  
          assessment, individual program plans and other critical  
          documents and processes be done in a consumer or family  
          member's native language and other culturally and  
          linguistically competent manners.

          AB 1232 (V. Manuel Perez) would require the existing DDS  
          quality assurance instrument to assess the provision of  
          services in a linguistically and culturally competent  
          manner and include an outcome-based measure on issues of  
          equity and diversity. 

           Prior legislation
           
          SCR 51 (Perata) Chapter 124, Statues of 2005, establishes  
          the Legislative Blue Ribbon Commission on Autism tasked to  
          identify gaps in programs and services related to the  
          education and treatment of children, adolescents,  
          transitional youth, and adults with autism spectrum  
          disorders, provide recommendations for the planning of a  
          comprehensive and integrated continuum of programs,  
          services and provide a report to the Governor and to the  
          Legislature.

          AB 1872 (Coto) 2008, would have established the California  
          Autism Spectrum Disorder Clearinghouse administered by the  
          department to provide evidence-based and recommended  
          information and practices regarding the education of pupils  
          with autism spectrum disorders, including, but not limited  

                                                                       




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          to, information about and examples of instructional  
          strategies, fiscal management practices, and organizational  
          structures supporting quality service delivery. This bill  
          was vetoed by the Governor.

          SB 527 (Steinberg) 2008, would have required the DSS to  
          partner with at least one regional center to implement a  
          2-year ASD Early Screening, Intervention, and Treatment  
          Pilot Program in at least 3 key geographic areas. The pilot  
          program would have established best practices for early  
          screening, diagnosis, referral, and treatment for children  
          with ASD. This bill was vetoed by the Governor. 

          SB 1475 (Torlakson) 2008, would have required DSS to  
          establish a 2-year pilot project to, among other things,  
          provide methods, instruments, and systems of care between  
          regional centers and school districts for the early  
          identification and assessment of children with ASD from  
          birth to 5 years of age. This bill was vetoed by the  
          Governor.
           

          Comments
           
          Should the bill move forward, the author may want to define  
          how regional center funding will be allocated to the  
          program, and particularly how funding will be stabilized if  
          participation is voluntary.  
                                   POSITIONS  

          Support:  None received


          Oppose:None received

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