BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Carol Liu, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 173
          AUTHOR:        Liu
          AMENDED:       April 8, 2013
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 17, 2013
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Adult Education.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill reduces the categories of adult education courses  
          authorized to be offered by K-12 districts and the  
          community colleges in order to receive state funding and  
          establishes processes and new authorities to align student  
          assessment policy, performance data and accountability  
          systems, teacher qualifications, and fee policy for adult  
          education courses offered by either the California  
          Community Colleges (CCC) and K-12 local educational  
          agencies. The bill also declares the Legislature's intent  
          that adult education funding be allocated on the basis of  
          enrollment and performance beginning in 2015-16.

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law authorizes both the California Community  
          Colleges and K-12 systems to offer and receive state  
          funding for adult education courses. (Education Code �  
          41976 and � 84757)

          Current law prohibits the local governing board of a  
          community college district maintaining a noncredit course  
          from requiring an adult enrolled in such a course to pay  
          nonresident tuition or any fee or charge of any kind for a  
          class in English and citizenship for foreigners, a class in  
          an elementary subject, a class designated as granting high  
          school credit to an individual without a high school  
          diploma or other adult basic education programs and  
          courses, as specified. 
          (EC � 76380)
           
           Current law authorizes a school district governing board to  




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          require a fee of an adult enrolled in a class for adults  
          and prohibits the total of the fees required and revenues  
          derived from average daily attendance from exceeding the  
          estimated cost of maintaining such classes.  Current law  
          also prohibits the imposition of a charge of any kind for a  
          class in English and citizenship or a class in an  
          elementary subject, nor for any class which is designated  
          as granting high school credit when the class is taken by a  
          person who does not hold a high school diploma.  However,  
          current law temporarily grants the authority to districts  
          to charge a fee for a class in English and citizenship  
          until July 1, 2015 
          (EC � 52612)
           
           Current law prohibits the California Community Colleges  
          from requiring an adult enrolled in a noncredit course to  
          pay nonresident tuition or any fee or charge of any kind  
          for a class in English and citizenship for foreigners, a  
          class in an elementary subject, a class designated by the  
          governing board as a class for which high school credit is  
          granted when the class is taken by a person who does not  
          hold a high school diploma, or any class offered by a  
          community college district pursuant to Sections 8531, 8532,  
          8533, or 8534. (EC �76380)

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Requires the California Department of Education and  
               the Community College Chancellor's Office to:

                    a)             Coordinate and issue assessment  
                    policy guidelines to be used by CCC and K-12  
                    districts for purposes of placement in an adult  
                    education course.

                    b)             Jointly establish and implement a  
                    comprehensive performance accountability system  
                    for adult education courses, as specified.  

          2)   Reduces the categories of adult education courses for  
               which state funding may be claimed in both the K-12  
               system and the community college system from 10 to 6.  
               More specifically it:





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                    a)             Deletes the authority to claim  
                    adult education funding for adult programs in  
                    parenting, adult programs for older adults, and  
                    adult programs in home economics and adult  
                    programs in health and safety education. 

                    b)             Maintains six categories of  
                    state-supported adult education (K-12) and  
                    non-credit adult education courses at the  
                    community college including, elementary and  
                    secondary basic skills and other courses required  
                    for a high school diploma, English as a second  
                    language (ESL), classes and courses for  
                    immigrants eligible for educational services, as  
                    specified, education programs for adults with  
                    disabilities, short-term career technical  
                    education programs with high employment  
                    potential, and programs for apprentices.

          3)   Authorizes the governing board of a community college  
               district to charge a fee for adult education courses,  
               pursuant to regulations adopted by the Board of  
               Governors, until July 1, 2015 and further:

                    a)             Requires a community college  
                    district that chooses to charge a fee for adult  
                    education courses to report information on the  
                    amount of the fee, the number of classes, and  
                    enrollment in those classes to the Chancellor's  
                    Office for purposes of providing the information  
                    to the Legislative Analyst's Office.

                    b)             Requires the Legislative Analyst's  
                    Office (LAO) to provide a summary and analysis of  
                    the reported information to the appropriate  
                    legislative fiscal and policy committees by  
                    January 1, 2016.

          4)   Requires the Commission on Teacher Credentialing and  
               the Academic Senate for the California Community  
               Colleges to meet and review their current requirements  
               for adult education instructors and to develop and  
               make recommendations on reciprocity standards to the  
               appropriate policy and fiscal committees by July 1,  
               2014.





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          5)   Declares the Legislature's intent that beginning in  
               2015-16 base adult education funds and noncredit adult  
               education funds be allocated to providers on the basis  
               of a combination of enrollment and performance in  
               statutorily authorized adult education courses. 
           
          STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  In its December 2012 report,  
               Restructuring California's Adult Education System, the  
               LAO identified several weaknesses with the current  
               adult education system, a bifurcated system in which  
               both K-12 and community colleges offer courses subject  
               to distinctly different policies. Similar findings  
               were identified in a series of reports prepared by the  
               California Budget Project (At a Crossroads series  
               publications, April 2010 - May 2011). 

               LAO recommendations to address these weaknesses  
               included the creation of: 

               a)        A state-subsidized system focused on adult  
                    education's core mission.

               b)        Common, statewide definitions that clearly  
                    differentiate between adult education and college  
                    education.

               c)        A common set of policies relating to faculty  
                    qualifications, fees, and student assessment.

               d)        A dedicated stream of funding that fosters  
                    cooperation between adult schools and community  
                    colleges.

               e)        An integrated data system that tracks  
                    student outcomes and helps the public hold  
                    providers accountable for results. 

               This bill begins the implementation of programmatic  
               changes necessary to better align the bifurcated  
               system of delivering adult education and non-credit  
               adult education courses, and to begin a shift towards  
               a more rational and coordinated funding approach for  
               K-12 adult education and California Community College  
               noncredit adult education programs in California.




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           2)   Related budget activity  .  The Governor's 2013-14  
               budget proposes a number of changes to adult education  
               in California beginning in 2013-14. These changes  
               include elements that:

               a)        Eliminate the K-12 adult education  
                    categorical program and consolidate all  
                    associated annual funding into a new K-12 "local  
                    control funding formula."

               b)        Appropriate $300 million in new Proposition  
                    98 General Fund to reconstitute the adult  
                    education program within the community college  
                    system beginning in 2013-14 (the Governor's  
                    proposal currently restricts community college  
                    apportionments to "credit" instruction).

               c)        Shift $15.7 million from a K-12  
                    apprenticeship program to a new community college  
                    program. 
                
            3)   Fee authority  . This bill authorizes the community  
               colleges to charge a fee, subject to the adoption of  
               regulations by the Board of Governors (BOG).   
               According to the author, it is the intent to parallel  
               the fee authority extended to K-12 adult education  
               programs by AB 189 (Eng, Chapter 606, Statutes of  
               2011), which was implemented in order to address the  
               growing demand in English acquisition courses and  
               enable districts to maintain these courses during the  
               period of categorical flexibility.  In addition these  
               provisions are intended to be consistent with  
               Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) recommendations  
               from Restructuring Adult Education to establish a  
               modest enrollment fee to resolve some inconsistencies  
               between K-12 and community adult education courses.   

               To ensure clear statutory direction regarding this new  
               fee authority at the community colleges staff  
               recommends the bill be amended to clarify that "In  
               order to ensure that a district has the capacity to  
               meet the demand for adult education courses for recent  
               immigrants, the community colleges are authorized to  
               charge a modest fee, pursuant to BOG adopted  
               regulations and consistent with Education Code �  




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               52612, until July 1, 2015."

           4)   Fee authority implementation report  . Staff recommends  
               the bill be amended on page 5, line 5 to indicate that  
               the "appropriate legislative committees" are the  
               Senate and Assembly Education and Assembly Higher  
               Education Committees and the Senate and Assembly  
               Budget Committees.

           5)   Clarification of course offerings/restrictions  .  
               Currently this bill authorizes adult education funding  
               for courses that are required for the high school  
               diploma. In order to ensure that the reduction in  
               course categories does not preclude the use of funding  
               to prepare adults for demonstrating completion of  
               elementary and secondary basic skills through other  
               existing means, such as the General Educational  
               Development (GED) test, staff recommends the bill be  
               amended to add "or other high school equivalency  
               certification" on page 4, line 6, after "diploma." 

           6)   Just to be clear  . Currently, both K-12 and the  
               California Community College (CCC) may offer courses  
               to adults which are funded by means other than state  
               funding. These include community education courses at  
               the CCC, which are fee-based self-supporting courses,  
               and local partnerships at the K-12 level that use  
               funds available through regional centers, residential  
               care facilities, and First 5 California, to offer, for  
               example, parenting classes. 
               
               Staff recommends the bill be amended to clarify that  
               nothing in the provisions should be construed to limit  
               the authority to offer adult education programs and  
               courses outside those listed in Education Code  
               sections 41976 and 84757, provided that those programs  
               or courses are funded through alternative funding  
               sources, including fees, if the district is authorized  
               to charge them.
                
          SUPPORT  

          Association of California School Administrators

           OPPOSITION





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           Faculty Association of California Community Colleges.