BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          SB 177 (Liu) - Homeless Youth Education Success Act
          
          Amended: April 11, 2013         Policy Vote: Education 9-0, Hum.  
          Serv. 6-0
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: Yes
          Hearing Date: May 23, 2013      Consultant: Jacqueline  
          Wong-Hernandez
          
          SUSPENSE FILE. AS PROPOSED TO BE AMENDED.

          
          Bill Summary: SB 177 requires the State Interagency Team on  
          Children and Youth to develop policies and practices to support  
          homeless children and youths and to ensure that child abuse and  
          neglect reporting requirements do not create barriers to the  
          school enrollment and attendance, as specified. This bill also  
          extends to homeless children or youths existing requirements  
          specific to foster youth, which require those students be  
          immediately enrolled in school and deemed to meet all residency  
          requirements for participation in interscholastic sports or  
          other extracurricular activities.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Workgroup: The requirement that the State Interagency Team  
              on Children and Youth develop specified recommendations,  
              will likely result in minor additional workload. The group's  
              recommendations will likely create cost pressure to  
              implement them.
              Mandate: Potentially significant reimbursable costs for  
              local educational agencies (LEAs) to implement new  
              enrollment and eligibility requirements.

          Background: The federal McKinney-Vento Homeless Children and  
          Youths Program requires state educational agencies to ensure  
          that homeless children and youth have equal access to the same  
          free public education as is provided to other youth. States are  
          required to review and undertake steps to revise laws,  
          regulations, practices, or policies that may act as barriers to  
          the enrollment, attendance, or success in school of homeless  
          children and youth. (United States Code, Title 42, � 11431 et  
          seq.)









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          The McKinney-Vento Act requires each LEA to designate a staff  
          person as a liaison for homeless children and youth, and carry  
          out specific duties, such as ensuring immediate enrollment,  
          access to educational opportunities offered to other students,  
          and providing notice of the rights of homeless youth.  (42 USC �  
          11432(g)(1)(j)(ii))

          Current state law generally mirrors the federal McKinney-Vento  
          Act. State law relative to evidence of residency prohibits those  
          provisions from being construed as limiting access to pupil  
          enrollment in a school district as otherwise provided by law,  
          including immediate enrollment and attendance guaranteed to a  
          homeless child or youth without any proof of residency or other  
          documentation. (Education Code � 48204.1)

          Current state law, consistent with the McKinney-Vento Act,  
          prohibits schools from requiring proof of residency of a parent  
          of an unaccompanied youth, and requires schools to accept a  
          declaration of residency executed by the youth in lieu of a  
          declaration of residency executed by his or her parent or legal  
          guardian. (EC � 48204.1)

          Existing law requires that a foster child who changes residences  
          pursuant to a court order or decision of a child welfare worker  
          to be immediately deemed to meet all residency requirements for  
          participation in interscholastic sports or other extracurricular  
          activities. It further requires educators, county placing  
          agencies, care providers, advocates, and the juvenile courts to  
          work together to maintain stable school placement and to ensure  
          that each pupil who is in foster care, or who is homeless, is  
          placed in the least restrictive educational programs, and has  
          access to the academic resources, services, and extracurricular  
          and enrichment activities that are available to all pupils,  
          including interscholastic sports administered by the California  
          Interscholastic Federation. (EC � 48850)

          Proposed Law: SB 177 requires the CDE and DSS to convene a  
          workgroup to develop policies and practices that improve  
          educational supports for homeless youth. This bill also requires  
          that LEAs:
          
             1)   Immediately enroll a homeless youth, as defined, in a  
               school at which he or she seeks enrollment, and to  
               immediately deem the homeless youth as meeting all  








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               residency requirements for participation in interscholastic  
               sports or other extracurricular activities. 

             2)   Places in state law the federal requirement (to receive  
               McKinney-Vento Act federal funds at the state level) that  
               the LEA liaison for homeless children and youths ensure  
               that public notice of the educational rights of homeless  
               children and youths is disseminated in schools within the  
               liaison's LEA that provide services pursuant to  
               McKinney-Vento requirements.

             3)   References the McKinney-Vento Act federal definition of  
               "homeless child or youth" and "homeless children and  
               youths."

          Staff Comments: This bill requires the CDE and DSS to convene a  
          workgroup to develop policies and practices "to support homeless  
          children and youths and to ensure that child abuse and neglect  
          reporting requirements do not create barriers to the school  
          enrollment and attendance of homeless children or youth".  
          Convening a workgroup is common, and the departments are  
          unlikely to incur significant costs to do so. They may, however,  
          experience a significant workload increase, depending the level  
          of detail and complexity included in the policies and practices  
          they develop. The workgroup's recommendations are also likely to  
          create cost pressure to implement the substance of those  
          policies and practices.

          This bill will likely create new reimbursable mandates for LEAs,  
          by requiring in state law that every LEA immediately enroll a  
          homeless youth, and to immediately deem the homeless youth as  
          meeting all residency requirements for participation in  
          interscholastic sports or other extracurricular activities, as  
          specified. To the extent that implementation activities are  
          required to comply with the new state mandate, those activities  
          could be reimbursable even if LEAs are already performing them,  
          if an LEA does not specifically receive McKinney-Vento Act  
          funding. According to the CDE, 83 LEAs currently receive  
          dedicated funding.

          The McKinney-Vento Act requires that states (including  
          California) that receive federal funding through the program  
          ensure that all of their LEAs (whether or not those LEAs  
          actually receive that specific federal funding) comply with  








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          various requirements outlined in the Act. The CDE has indicated  
          that all LEAs comply with the requirements of the McKinney-Vento  
          Act that the CDE has assured the federal government it would  
          enforce. The federal government can withhold McKinney-Vento Act  
          funding if the state is not in compliance with the requirement,  
          and the CDE monitors LEA compliance through its Federal Program  
          Monitoring Office. 

          For practical purposes, the CDE can likely enforce the  
          requirements of McKinney-Vento by communicating its expectations  
          directly with LEAs. Making the federal program requirements  
          (imposed on a participating state) cited in this bill into state  
          law, imposed on an LEA by the state, however, will likely be  
          deemed a reimbursable state mandate on school districts. 

          AS PROPOSED TO BE AMENDED: Amend per author to remove the DSS  
          work group, and instead require recommendations to be developed  
          by the State Interagency Team on Children and Youth.