BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Carol Liu, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 201
          AUTHOR:        Liu
          INTRODUCED:    February 7, 2013
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 3, 2013
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

           SUBJECT  :  Instructional materials.
          
           SUMMARY
           
          This bill authorizes the State Board of Education to adopt,  
          by November 30, 2015, K-8 instructional materials that are  
          aligned to the common core English language arts standards  
          and common core English language development standards.

           BACKGROUND
           
          Pursuant to Education Code � 60605.8, the State Board of  
          Education (SBE) adopted the common core academic content  
          standards (in mathematics and English language arts) in  
          August 2010.  

          Current law:

                 Requires the SBE to adopt, by September 30, 2012,  
               new English language development standards that are  
               aligned to the English language arts common core  
               standards.  (EC � 60811.3)

                 Establishes processes for the development of  
               supplemental instructional materials in English  
               language arts (by September 30, 2012), English  
               language development (by June 30, 2014), and  
               mathematics (by September 30, 2012 & July 30, 2013). 
               (EC � 60605.86, � 60605.87 & � 60605.88)

                 Authorizes the SBE to conduct an adoption of basic  
               instructional materials in mathematics, by March 30,  
               2014.  (EC � 60207)

                 Prohibits the SBE from adopting instructional  







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               materials, update curricular frameworks, or evaluation  
               criteria until the 2015-16 school year.  
               (EC � 60200.7)

                 Prohibits the SBE from adopting basic instructional  
               materials in English language arts or mathematics in  
               the year succeeding the year in which the SBE adopts  
               basic materials in the other subject for the same  
               grade levels. (EC � 60200)
           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  authorizes the State Board of Education (SBE) to  
          adopt instructional materials for grades K-8 that are  
          aligned to the common core English language arts standards  
          and common core English language development standards.   
          Specifically, this bill:

          1)   Authorizes the SBE to adopt basic instructional  
               materials for K-8 that are aligned to the common core  
               English language arts standards and the common core  
               English language development standards, by no later  
               than November 30, 2015.

          2)   Lifts the restriction on the back-to-back adoption of  
               instructional materials in mathematics and English  
               language arts.  

          3)   Requires all of the following, for purposes of  
               conducting the adoption:

                    a)             The California Department of  
                    Education (CDE) to provide notice to all  
                    publishers or manufacturers known to produce  
                    basic instructional materials in language arts  
                    and English language development, post an  
                    appropriate notice on its Internet website, and  
                    take other reasonable measures to ensure that  
                    appropriate notice is widely circulated to  
                    potentially interested publishers and  
                    manufacturers.  

                    b)             The notice to specify that each  
                    publisher or manufacturer choosing to participate  
                    in the adoption shall be assessed a fee based on  








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                    the number of programs the publisher or  
                    manufacturer indicates will be submitted for  
                    review and the number of grade levels proposed to  
                    be covered by each program.

                    c)             The CDE, before incurring  
                    substantial costs for the adoption, to require  
                    that a publisher or manufacturer that wishes to  
                    participate in the adoption first declare the  
                    intent to submit one or more specific programs  
                    for adoption and specify the specific grade  
                    levels to be covered by each program.

                    d)             The CDE, after a publisher or  
                    manufacturer has declared the intent to submit  
                    one or more programs and the grade levels to be  
                    covered by each program, to assess a fee that  
                    shall be payable by the publisher or manufacturer  
                    even if the publisher or manufacturer  
                    subsequently chooses to withdraw a program or  
                    reduce the number of grade levels covered.

                    e)             The fee assessed to be in an  
                    amount that does not exceed the reasonable costs  
                    to the CDE in conducting the adoption process.   
                    The CDE is required to take reasonable steps to  
                    limit costs of the adoption and to keep the fee  
                    modest.

                    f)             A submission by a publisher or  
                    manufacturer is prohibited from being reviewed  
                    for purposes of adoption until the fee has been  
                    paid.

                    g)             The SBE, upon the request of a  
                    small publisher or small manufacturer, is  
                    authorized to reduce the fee for participation in  
                    the adoption.  

                    h)             The CDE, if it determines that  
                    there is little or no interest in participating  
                    in an adoption by publishers and manufacturers,  
                    to recommend to the SBE whether or not the  
                    adoption shall be conducted, and the SBE is  








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                    authorized to choose not to conduct the adoption.

                    i)             Revenue derived from fees to be  
                    budgeted as reimbursements and subject to review  
                    through the annual budget process, and are  
                    authorized to be used to pay for costs associated  
                    with any adoption and for any costs associated  
                    with the review of instructional materials,  
                    including reimbursement of substitute costs for  
                    teacher reviewers and to cover stipends for  
                    content review experts.

          4)   Defines "small publisher" and "small manufacturer" as  
               an independently owned or operated publisher or  
               manufacturer that is not dominant in its field of  
               operation and that, together with its affiliates, has  
               100 or fewer employees, and has average annual gross  
               receipts of $10 million or less over the previous  
               three years.

           STAFF COMMENTS
           
          1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, "The  
               State Board of Education (SBE) adopted the common core  
               standards in English language arts and mathematics in  
               2010.  The SBE adopted updated standards for English  
               language development that are aligned with the common  
               core in 2012.  The legislature recently authorized the  
               approval of separate supplemental instructional  
               materials English language arts and for English  
               language development.  The next step is to authorize  
               the adoption of basic instructional materials that are  
               aligned to both the common core English language arts  
               standards and the common core English language  
               development standards."

           2)   Common core implementation timeline  .  California's  
               common core initiative includes the adoption or  
               approval of new standards, frameworks, criteria by  
               which instructional materials are evaluated,  
               supplemental instructional materials, basic  
               instructional materials, and a new assessment system.   
               California is currently pilot testing new assessments  
               and expects full implementation of new assessments in  








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               English language arts and mathematics in spring 2015.   
               This bill provides a due date of November 30, 2015 for  
               instructional materials that are aligned to both the  
               common core English language arts and common core  
               English language development standards.  The CDE is  
               currently working on other common core-related  
               activities (approving supplemental instructional  
               materials, evaluating mathematics instructional  
               materials), which precludes the CDE from initiating  
               another adoption prior to the date established in this  
               bill.  While state-adopted materials for K-8 will not  
               be available to school districts prior to the expected  
               administration of the new assessments, supplemental  
               materials in English language arts and English  
               language development (separately) are currently  
               available.  Further, current law authorizes school  
               districts to use instructional materials that are  
               aligned to California's original academic content  
               standards or California's common core standards,  
               including materials that have not been adopted by the  
               SBE.  

           3)   Back-to-back adoptions  .  Current law prohibits the SBE  
               from adopting basic instructional materials in English  
               language arts or mathematics in the year succeeding  
               the year in which the SBE adopts basic materials in  
               the other subject for the same grade levels.   
               Instructional materials for both subjects are very  
               expensive for districts to purchase; a gap of at least  
               one year put districts in a better financial position  
               to purchase a full adoption in both subjects.  In  
               addition, prior statutes required districts to  
               purchase instructional materials within a certain  
               timeframe after those materials were adopted by the  
               SBE.  That requirement no longer stands. 

          A new adoption of basic instructional materials in  
               mathematics was authorized in the last legislative  
               session.  The SBE is authorized to adopt those  
               materials by March 30, 2014.  This bill authorizes the  
               adoption of basic instructional materials in English  
               language arts/English language development, and lifts  
               the restriction on back-to-back adoptions of such  
               materials.  Funding for the purchase of instructional  








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               materials is within categorical flexibility, and  
               districts are no longer required to purchase materials  
               adopted by the SBE.  Therefore, lifting the  
               restriction on back-to-back adoptions should not  
               create financial hardships for school districts.

           4)   Fee-based adoption  .  This bill establishes a fee-based  
               adoption, whereby instructional materials publishers  
               are assessed a fee based on the number of subjects,  
               number and types of materials, and grade levels.   
               According to the Senate Appropriations Committee's  
               analysis of prior legislation that also calls for a  
               fee-based adoption, the CDE indicates that the process  
               ensures the CDE will fully recover its costs of the  
               adoption.  Some publishers of instructional materials  
               have expressed concern that this process requires a  
               significant investment of resources to develop the  
               materials and pay for consideration by the CDE and SBE  
               without any assurance that school districts will   
               purchase those materials (particularly without a  
               requirement for districts to purchase nor specific  
               resources for districts to do so).  The recently  
               authorized adoption of mathematics materials is  
               fee-based.  It may be reasonable to monitor that  
               process to determine if publishers face insurmountable  
               obstacles.

           5)   Governor's Local Control Funding Formula  .  As part of  
               the 2013-14 Governor's Budget, the administration  
               proposes to restructure the existing K-12 finance  
               system and eliminate over 40 existing programs while  
               also repealing, what the administration determines are  
               countless "discretionary" provisions of statute, while  
               implementing a new formula known as the Local Control  
               Funding Formula (LCFF).  The LCFF would consolidate  
               the vast majority of state categorical programs and  
               revenue limit apportionments into a single source of  
               funding (12 categorical programs, including Special  
               Education, Child Nutrition, Preschool, and After  
               School programs, would be excluded).  The LCFF  
               proposal would also eliminate the statutory and  
               programmatic requirements for almost all existing  
               categorical programs - the programs would be deemed  
               "discretionary" and programs in any of these areas  








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               would be dependent on local district discretion.  To  
               the extent that the LCFF or a modified version of it  
               is adopted as part of the budget, the majority of  
               currently required categorical activities would be  
               left to local districts' discretion.  Therefore, the  
               changes proposed by this bill for instructional  
               materials could be diluted, eliminated, rendered  
               obsolete or discretionary at the local level.      

           SUPPORT
           
          California Federation of Teachers
          California School Boards Association
          State Superintendent of Public Instruction

           OPPOSITION

           None on file.