BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                                                       Bill No:  SB  
          276
          
                 SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                       Senator Roderick D. Wright, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                 Staff Analysis



          SB 276  Author:  Roth
          As Introduced:  February 14, 2013
          Hearing Date:  April 23, 2013
          Consultant:  Paul Donahue


                                     SUBJECT  

             Small business and disabled veteran businesses: Public  
                                   contracts

                                   DESCRIPTION
           
          This bill increases from $250,000 to $500,000 the amount  
          for which a state agency can contract with a certified  
          small business (CSB) or a disabled veteran business  
          enterprise (DVBE) without having to comply with competitive  
          bidding laws.

                                   EXISTING LAW
           
          1)Establishes a 5% preference for bids made by certified  
            small business (CSB) and microbusiness for the award of  
            state procurement contracts.

          2)Authorizes non-small businesses to qualify for the small  
            business bidders' preference if they sub-contract at  
            least 25% of their contracts with certified small  
            businesses. 

          3)Defines a small business as independently owned, not  
            dominant in its field of operation, domiciled in  
            California, employing 100 or fewer employees, and earning  
            $14 million or less in average annual gross revenues for  
            the three previous years. 






          SB 276 (Roth) continued                                   
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          4)Describes a microenterprise as a small business with  
            average annual gross receipts of $250,000 or less during  
            the previous three years, or a manufacturer with 25 or  
            fewer employees. 

          5)Defines a DVBE as a business entity that is at least 51%  
            owned or controlled by one or more disabled veterans.

          6)Authorizes a state agency to award a contract for goods,  
            services, or information technology with a value of  
            between $5,000 and $250,000 to a CSB, including a  
            microbusiness,<1> or to a DVBE, without complying with  
            specified competitive bidding requirements.

                                    BACKGROUND
           
           1)Purpose of the bill  :  According to the author's office,  
            this bill would allow CSBs and DVBEs to compete for state  
            contracts under the streamlined state contracting  
            process, and support small businesses throughout the  
            state. 

           2)The Small Business Procurement Act  :  This law was enacted  
            more than 30 years ago to establish a small business  
            preference within the state's procurement process,  
            intended to increase the number of contracts between the  
            state and small businesses. In 1989, a DVBE component was  
            added to state procurement practices. 

            Since 2001, there have been four Executive Orders (EO)  
            specifying goals for small business and DVBE  
            participation in state procurement contracts, including  
            EO D-37-01 (2001), EO S-02-06 (2006), EO D-43-01(2001),  
            and EO S-11-06 (2006). The first two EOs set 25% small  
            business participation goals, and the third set a 3% DVBE  
            participation goal for all state procurement contracts.  
            The fourth EO set a 25% participation goal for state  
            construction contracts, particularly those awarded by the  
            California Department of Transportation when implementing  
            Proposition 1B.

          -------------------------
          <1> A microenterprise is a small business with average  
          annual gross receipts of $250,000 or less during the  
          previous three years, or a manufacturer with 25 or fewer  
          employees. [Govt. Code § 14837]






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            Notwithstanding the longstanding existence of the Act and  
            these EOs, the state's success in obtaining small  
            business and DVBE participation goals in state  
            procurement contracts has been elusive.

           3)Streamlined procurement process  :  This bill does not  
            amend the small business and DVBE bidding preference  
            laws.  Rather, it deals with a separate provision of law,  
            under which contracting entities are authorized to use a  
            streamlined, expedited procurement method. This method  
            allows contracts to bypass the advertising, bidding, and  
            protest provisions in the State Contract Act, allowing  
            the agency to contract directly with a CSB or DVBE at a  
            contract price that is established by checking with two  
            small businesses or DVBEs to obtain "price quotations"  
            before awarding the contract.<2>

            Contracts offered under the streamlined procurement  
            process are currently limited to contracts between $5,000  
            and $250,000. SB 276 would increase this amount to  
            $500,000 for contracts for goods, services, and  
            information technology. 

           4)Small businesses and DVBE challenges  :  Small businesses,  
            including microbusinesses and DVBEs, face a variety of  
            challenges in participating in state procurement  
            opportunities. One of those challenges is the access to  
            surety bonds for construction projects. Other challenges  
            include the high costs of purchasing, required levels of  
            liability insurance and meeting highly specific  
            accounting and reporting requirements for publicly funded  
            projects.

            Another challenge is the increasing number of contracts  
            which are put to bid that exceed $1 million in value,  
            especially in construction and information technology  
            contracts, but increasingly in the state procurement of  
            goods and services as well. Firms having the capacity and  
            product inventory to be able to bid on these larger  
            ------------------------
          <2> Govt. Code § 14838.5, which also provides that if the  
          estimated cost to the state is less than $5000, or a  
          greater amount as established by the director of DGS, a  
          state agency must get at least 2 price quotations from  
          responsible suppliers whenever there is reason to believe a  
          response from a single source is not a fair and reasonable  
          price. 





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            contracts are usually too large to qualify as a small  
            business or DVBE.

            Small business advocacy groups have been critical of  
            state agencies for not moving forward more aggressively  
            in bringing in small businesses to fill contracts for  
            state contracts for goods and services.
           
          5)Over-reliance on CSB/DVBE subcontracting to meet CSB/DVBE  
            contracting goals  : Beginning in 2005, DGS began what it  
            termed, a "major strategic sourcing initiative," which  
            was designed to make government purchases more cost  
            effective, while ensuring that the state taxpayers get  
            the best value. It is effectively impossible for any of  
            the state's CSBs and DVBEs to submit proposals or bids on  
            these contracts because of their multi-million dollar  
            size.

            In order to increase CSB and DVBE participation in state  
            contracting and reach contracting goals, DGS relies  
            heavily on provisions of the Small Business Contracting  
            Act that allow a "non-small" business preference for  
            bidders that provide for CSB and DVBE subcontractor  
            participation. As a result, direct state contracting with  
            CSBs and DVBEs has diminished in recent years. A  
            significant portion of the CSB/DVBE contracting is  
            accomplished by way of subcontracts, in which the  
            "non-small" business is responsible for administering the  
            CSB/DVBE preference programs. 

            This trend toward huge state contracts has increased  
            concerns about whether a CSB or DVBE is in fact  
            performing a "commercially useful function," which is  
            required in state contracts in which small business  
            bidding preferences are applied. Last year, the  
            Legislature passed SB 1510 (Wright),<3> which added  
            additional functions that a small business must perform  
            to be providing a commercially useful function (CUF) in a  
            state contract. SB 1510 is designed to reduce instances  
            in which CUF rules are exploited, resulting in the  
            awarding of contracts to firms that have misrepresented  
            the CSB status of contractors or subcontractors, or the  
            actual work done by the CSB on the contract. In these  
            instances, the CSB or DVBE is used as a "pass-through,"  
            whereby the CSB's involvement in performing work under  
            ------------------------
          <3> Chapter 421, Statutes of 2012





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            the contract is essentially non-existent - the large  
            vendor simply lists the CSB or DVBE as its subcontractor  
            in order to gain the 5% bidding preference under state  
            law.

           6)Statements of support  :  Supporters contend that this  
            alternative contracting route is a tool for agencies in  
            their commitment to comply with the CSB/DVBE contracting  
            mandate, permitting informal bid requests from CSBs and  
            DVBEs. They expect the changes proposed in the bill will  
            offer a powerful tool for agencies. 

                            PRIOR/RELATED LEGISLATION
           
          SB 1510 (Wright) Chapter 421, Statues of 2012. This bill  
          enacted additional conditions under which a certified small  
          business or microbusiness shall be deemed to perform a  
          commercially useful function, which is required in state  
          contracts in which small business bidding preferences are  
          used.

          AB 31 (Price) Chapter 212, Statues of 2009. Increased the  
          maximum amount from $100,000 to $250,000 that a state  
          agency may award to a CSB or DVBE without complying with  
          specified competitive bidding requirements.

          AB 669 (Cohn) Chapter 623, Statutes of 2003. Specified that  
          a certified small business or microbusiness must perform a  
          "commercially useful function" in relation to specified  
          state contracts. Also imposes certain penalties for  
          misrepresenting the performance of a commercially useful  
          function. 

          AB 608 (De La Torre) 2007-08 Session. Would have increased  
          the procurement contract bid preference from 5% to 10% for  
          small businesses and microbusinesses, or non-small  
          businesses that utilize small businesses and  
          microbusinesses as subcontractors, when the contract award  
          is made on the basis of either determining the lowest  
          responsible bidder, or when the contract is made on the  
          basis of determining the highest scored bidder, based on  
          evaluation factors other than bid price. (Vetoed)
           
          SB 115 (Florez) Chapter 451, Statutes of 2005. Made various  
          changes to the DVBE Program, including requiring DGS to  
          establish a state agency-wide mandatory DVBE participation  





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          incentive. Also, required the DGS Small Business Advocate  
          to provide specified services to small businesses and  
          certified DVBEs. 
          
          SB 1008 (Machado) Chapter 632, Statutes of 2004. Among  
          other things, strengthened the sanctions that can be  
          imposed against businesses that fraudulently misrepresent  
          their eligibility for DVBE certification. 
          
           SUPPORT:   

          AMVETS, Department of California
          California Association of County Veteran Service Officers
          Disabled Veteran Business Alliance
          Vietnam Veterans of America, California State Council

           OPPOSE:   

          None on file 

           DUAL REFERRAL:   Senate Appropriations Committee
           
          FISCAL COMMITTEE:  No.

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