BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                 Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations
                                 Ted W. Lieu, Chair

          Date of Hearing: April 24, 2013              2013-2014 Regular  
          Session                              
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                   Fiscal:Yes
                                                       Urgency: No
          
                                   Bill No: SB 288
                                    Author: Lieu
                        As Introduced/Amended: April 1, 2013
          

                                       SUBJECT
          
                          Employment protections: time off.


                                      KEY ISSUE

          Should the Legislature allow victims of serious crimes to take  
          protected leave from their employment in order to appear in  
          court?


                                      ANALYSIS
          
           The California Constitution  provides protections for crime  
          victim's due process rights.  
          (Article I, Section XXVIII)
           
          Existing law  states that an employer may not discharge,  
          discriminate or retaliate against an employee who is a victim of  
          domestic violence or sexual assault for taking time off from  
          work to attend to any of the following: 

                 To seek medical attention for injuries caused by  
               domestic violence or sexual assault 
                 To obtain services from a domestic violence shelter,  
               program, or rape crisis center
                 To obtain psychological counseling related to the  
               domestic violence or sexual assault 
                 To participate in safety planning and take other actions  
               to increase safety from future domestic violence or sexual  
               assault, including temporary or permanent relocation         
                    









                 To appear as a witness in any judicial proceeding or  
               obtain any injunctive relief to help ensure the welfare of  
               the victim or his or her child. 

            (Labor Code �230 and �230.1)

           Existing law  states that an employee who is discharged,  
          threatened with discharge, suspended, or in any other manner  
          discriminated against for taking time off for the above purposes  
          is entitled to reinstatement and reimbursement for lost wages  
          and work benefits and may file a complaint with the Division of  
          Labor Standards Enforcement. Additionally, an employer that  
          willfully refuses to rehire, promote, or otherwise restore an  
          employee who has been determined to be eligible for rehiring or  
          promotion is guilty of a misdemeanor. (Labor Code �230.1)

           Existing law  states that an employee shall give the employer  
          reasonable advance notice of the employee's intention to take  
          time off, unless the advance notice is not feasible. 
          (Labor Code �230)

           Existing law  states that when an unscheduled absence occurs, the  
          employer shall not take any action against the employee if  
          certification is provided within a reasonable time, including a  
          police report, court order protecting the employee from the  
          perpetrator, or documentation from a medical professional,  
          victim advocate, health care provider or counselor stating the  
          employee was undergoing treatment from an act of domestic  
          violence or sexual assault. 
          (Labor Code �230.1)
           
          This bill  would provide that an employer may not discharge or in  
          any manner discriminate or retaliate against an employee who is  
          a victim for taking time off from work, upon the victim's  
          request, to appear in court to be heard at any proceeding for  
          the following offenses: 

             1)   Vehicular manslaughter while intoxicated; 
             2)   Felony child abuse likely to produce great bodily harm  
               or a death;
             3)   Assault resulting in the death of a child under eight  
               years of age;
          Hearing Date:  April 24, 2013                            SB 288  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 2

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








             4)   Felony domestic violence;
             5)   Felony physical abuse of an elder or dependent adult;
             6)   Felony stalking;
             7)   Solicitation for murder;
             8)   A serious felony, such as kidnapping, rape, or assault;
             9)   Hit and run causing death or injury; and
             10)  Felony driving under the influence causing injury.

          For the purposes of this section, a proceeding would include any  
          delinquency proceeding, involving a post-arrest release  
          decision, plea, sentencing, post-conviction release decision, or  
          any proceeding in which a right of the victim is at issue.

           This bill  would also define a victim as any person who suffers  
          direct or threatened physical, psychological, or financial harm  
          as a result of the commission or attempted commission of a crime  
          or delinquent act. The term "victim" would also include the  
          person's spouse, parent, child, sibling, or guardian.

           This bill  would also make technical, conforming changes.


                                      COMMENTS

          
          1.  Need for this bill?

             According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC)  
            2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey,  
            nearly 1 in 4 women and 1 in 7 men in the United States have  
            experienced severe physical violence by an intimate partner -  
            among victims of intimate partner violence, more than 1 in 3  
            women experienced multiple forms of rape, stalking, or  
            physical violence. One in 6 women and 1 in 19 men in the  
            United States have experienced stalking victimization in which  
            they felt very fearful or believed that they or someone close  
            to them would be harmed or killed. 

            In California, through the passage of Proposition 9 in 2008  
            (also known as Marsy's Law), a crime victim has the right to  
            be heard, upon request, at any proceeding.  However, despite  
            having that right, utilizing that right would not be  
          Hearing Date:  April 24, 2013                            SB 288  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 3

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            employment-protected.  Therefore, while a crime victim has  
            delineated rights in the Constitution, he or she could be  
            terminated for utilizing them.

            SB 288 would address this by providing an employee with  
            protected leave to participate in a hearing if they are the  
            victim of serious crime, including domestic violence,  
            stalking, murder, kidnapping, or rape.


          2.  Proponent Arguments  :
            
            Proponents note that the California Constitution provides that  
            crime victims have the right to be heard, upon request, in all  
            of the proceedings covered by the bill.  Proponents also note  
            that there is no employment protection for a victim who  
            desires to appear in a criminal or juvenile court proceeding  
            to be heard on pleas, sentencing, release issues or other  
            matters that may affect the rights of the victim.  Proponents  
            argue that this inhibits the ability of crime victims to avail  
            themselves of their constitutional rights.  Proponents believe  
            that SB 288 will address this by allowing workers protected  
            leave if they are the victim of serious felonies, such as  
            homicide, rape, and crimes involving the infliction of great  
            bodily injury.

          3.  Opponent Arguments  :

            None on file.

          4.  Current Legislation  :

            SB 400 (Jackson) would, among other things, prohibit an  
            employer from retaliating or discriminating against an  
            employee because of his or her known status as a victim of  
            domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking.


                                       SUPPORT
          
          Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office (Sponsor)
          Crime Victims United of California
          Hearing Date:  April 24, 2013                            SB 288  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 4

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








          

                                     OPPOSITION
          
          None on file.




































          Hearing Date:  April 24, 2013                            SB 288  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 5

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations