BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                 Carol Liu, Chair
                             2013-2014 Regular Session
                                         

             BILL NO:       SB 290
             AUTHOR:        Knight
             INTRODUCED:    February 14, 2013
             FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 24,  
             2013
             URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Daniel Alvarez

              SUBJECT  :  Nonresident tuition exemption: veterans.
             
              SUMMARY  

             This bill exempts a student attending a community  
             college, the California State University, or University  
             of California from paying nonresident tuition if that  
             student was a member of the Armed Forces of the United  
             States and discharged within the immediately prior two  
             years.

              BACKGROUND  

             1)   Current law, requires a student who was a member of  
                  the Armed Forces stationed in California on active  
                  duty for more than one year immediately prior to  
                  being discharged to be exempt from paying  
                  nonresident tuition for the length of time he or  
                  she lives in the state, up to the minimum time  
                  necessary to become a resident.  In addition,  
                  current law provides, for purposes of community  
                  college fees a former member of the Armed Forces  
                  can utilize the one-year nonresident fee exemption  
                  within two years of being discharged provided the  
                  former member of the Armed Forces has filed an  
                  affidavit with the community college stating his or  
                  her intention to establish residency in California  
                  as soon as possible. (EC � 68075.5)

             2)   Current law establishes uniform residency  
                  requirements for purposes of ascertaining the  
                  amount of fees to be paid by students at the  
                  University of California, the California State  
                  University, the California Community Colleges, and  




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                  establishes various exceptions to these residency  
                  requirements, including the following:

                a)   A member of the Armed Forces who is stationed in  
                  the state on 
                       active duty, except a member assigned for  
                       educational purposes.  (Education Code �  
                       68075)

                b)   A member of the Armed Forces who is transferred  
                  to another 
                            state but continuously enrolled at a  
                  college in California.  
                       (EC � 68075)


                c)   A student who is a dependent of a member of the  
                  Armed
                       Forces stationed in this state on active duty.  
                   (EC � 68074)

                d)   A student dependent of a member of the Armed  
                  Forces may 
                       keep his or her resident classification until  
                       he or she has resided in the state for the  
                       minimum time necessary to become a resident in  
                       the event the member of the Armed Forces upon  
                       whom they are dependent is transferred outside  
                       of the state or retires as an active member of  
                       the Armed Forces.  
                       (EC � 68072)

              ANALYSIS
              
              This bill  exempts a student from paying nonresident  
             tuition if that student was a member of the Armed Forces  
             of the United States and discharged within the  
             immediately prior two years.

             In addition, the bill deletes current law, Education  
             Code 68075.5 (described above under Background). 

              STAFF COMMENTS  

              1)   According to the author  , this bill allows a student  
                  that served as a member of the Armed Forces to pay  




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                  in-state tuition when seeking to further their  
                  education.  Individuals committed to the Armed  
                  Forces serve all citizens of the United States, not  
                  just one state.  As such, they should not be  
                  penalized when following their educational passions  
                  after their service.  Given the enormous challenges  
                  facing veterans upon discharge, California needs to  
                  make higher education for veterans more attainable.

              2)   Benefits of California-resident classification for  
                  tuition and fee purposes  . The University of  
                  California, California State University, and  
                  California Community Colleges are publicly  
                  subsidized with the proceeds of state taxes; the  
                  lower resident fees for students who reside in  
                  California reflect the contribution they and their  
                  parents have already made by paying taxes in  
                  California.  The fees charged to non-California  
                  residents are intended to cover the cost of the  
                  subsidy that is generated by California taxpayers.  
                    
               3)   Reciprocity  ?  One portion of this bill would extend  
                  a benefit to veteran members of the reserves from  
                  other states that are not always provided to  
                  California veterans by other states.  It appears  
                  that only 19 states currently offer similar  
                  residency waivers, although several states are  
                  considering similar legislation.  Federal  
                  legislation has been introduced in both the House  
                  and the Senate to require institutions that are  
                  eligible for Post 9/11 G.I. Bill benefits to charge  
                  any veteran the resident tuition rate.  The  
                  Committee may wish to consider whether California  
                  should wait to see if federal legislation is  
                  enacted to ensure that California veterans receive  
                  the same tuition benefit in all 50 states that we  
                  are providing to veterans from other states. 

              4)   Further complicating matters, past Budget  
                  shortfalls.   The recent passage of Proposition 30  
                  has provided a modicum of fiscal relief for the  
                  segments of California's higher education systems.  
                  However, recovering from the hundreds of millions  
                  in General Fund reductions -- which translated into  
                  constrained access to the segments, fewer course  
                  offerings and larger classes, and reductions in  




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                  student support services -- will take time and  
                  resources.  Thus adequate funding for the varied  
                  educational priorities of our public higher  
                  education segments continues to be endangered and  
                  in some instances supplemented by ensuring that  
                  non-state residents pay for the actual cost of  
                  their education.
                   
                   This bill contemplates providing any student who  
                  was a member of the Armed Forces of the United  
                  States to be exempt from paying nonresident  
                  tuition. 

                  At present, there are approximately 1.5 million  
                  active military personnel in the Armed Forces that  
                  upon honorable discharge would be eligible, for up  
                  to two years after discharge, under this measure to  
                  pay in-state tuition, irrespective of whether they  
                  were stationed in the state of California.  It is  
                  unrealistic to believe all discharged personnel  
                  would come to California for a postsecondary  
                  education; however, by comparison, total enrollment  
                  for all of public higher education is 1.6 million  
                  students.  At some point it is conceivable that a  
                  large number of California resident students could  
                  be displaced by non-resident veterans. 

              5)   In recognition of the difficulties of military  
                  service  and the sacrifices of service members,  
                  existing California law assists the discharged  
                  military student who wants to stay in California  
                  and go to school.   Current California law says the  
                  military student, once discharged, can pay resident  
                  tuition until the student has stayed in California  
                  long enough to establish residency (normally one  
                  year).  There may only be one legal state of  
                  residence, so in order to become a resident of  
                  California for tuition purposes, residency must be  
                  relinquished in the former state of residence for  
                  the student.  Existing law strikes a balance,  
                  allowing students to pay resident fees while on  
                  active duty and for approximately a year after,  
                  giving time to establish residency.  This existing  
                  one-year exemption applies however, only to  
                  students who were stationed in California for one  
                  year prior to discharge.  




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                   In 2012, the Legislature (AB 2478, Hayashi) further  
                  allowed a member of the Armed Forces, who was  
                  stationed in California, up to the minimum time  
                  necessary to become a resident and the benefit of  
                  in-state tuition (one year) within a two-year time  
                  period from date of discharge - this was in  
                  recognition of providing veterans time to return to  
                  their home state after being discharged and settle  
                  personal affairs or for physical rehabilitation.   
                  This option, however, was provided for community  
                  colleges students only.

                  If the will of the committee is to pass this  
                  measure, staff recommends amendments that (a)  
                  provide veterans with the one year exemption from  
                  paying nonresident tuition to any public  
                  institution of higher education (not just community  
                  colleges), contingent upon filing of an affidavit,  
                  as specified, within one year of discharge, and  
                  specifies the use of the one year fee exemption  
                  must occur within two-years from the time of  
                  discharge; and (b) limit this benefit to a student  
                  who was a member of the Armed Forces of the United  
                  States stationed in this state for more than one  
                  year immediately prior to being discharged. 

              6)   Measure is keyed with a possible mandate  .   
                  Legislative Counsel has determined workload  
                  associated with filing of an affidavit, as  
                  specified, may impose state-mandated local program  
                  costs upon the community colleges that may be state  
                  reimbursable.

              7)   Related legislation  .  SB 420 (Walters), scheduled  
                  to be heard in this committee on April 24, is  
                  similar to this measure, but also provides an  
                  exemption from nonresident tuition for children and  
                  spouses of veterans. 

              SUPPORT  

             South Orange Coast County Community College District 
             North Orange County Community College District
             Rancho Santiago College District
             American Legion-Department of California




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             AMVETS
             California Association of County Veterans Service  
             Offices
             California State Commanders Veterans Council
             VFW - Department of California
             Vietnam Veterans of America - California State Council

              OPPOSITION

              None on file.