BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                             Senator Noreen Evans, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session


          SB 318 (Hill and Steinberg)
          As Amended April 23, 2013
          Hearing Date: April 30, 2013
          Fiscal: Yes
          Urgency: No
          BCP


                                        SUBJECT
                                           
          Consumer Loans: Pilot Program for Increased Access to  
          Responsible Small Dollar Loans

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would, until January 1, 2018, establish the Pilot  
          Program for Increased Access to Responsible Small Dollar Loans  
          (Program) for the purpose of allowing greater access for  
          responsible installment loans in principal amounts of at least  
          $300 and less than $2,500. 

          This bill would require licensees and other entities to file an  
          application and pay a specified fee to the Deputy Commissioner  
          of Business Oversight for the Division of
          Corporations in order to participate in the Program.  This bill  
          would authorize a licensee, who is approved by the Deputy  
          Commissioner to participate in the Program to impose specified  
          alternative interest rates and charges, including an  
          underwriting fee, an administrative fee, and delinquency fees,  
          on loans of at least $300 and less than $2,500, subject to  
          certain requirements.

                                      BACKGROUND  

          On September 30, 2010, Governor Schwarzenegger signed SB 1146  
          (Florez, Chapter 640, Statutes of 2010) to create the Pilot  
          Program for Affordable Credit-Building Opportunities.  That  
          program sought to increase the availability of credit-building  
          opportunities and to expand financial education for individuals,  
          particularly unbanked or under-banked persons.  The Department  
          of Corporations (DOC) further notes:
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            Lending under the pilot program is limited to unsecured  
            loans with a minimum principal of $250 and a minimum  
            repayment term of not less than 90 days, and no loan may be  
            $2,500 or more.  Lenders are permitted to use the services  
            of "finders" in reaching prospective borrowers.  The pilot  
            program is effective January 1, 2011, until January 1, 2015.

            Finance lenders who are license[d] under the California  
            Finance Lenders Law and approved by the California  
            Corporations Commissioner to participate in the program may  
            charge specified alternative interest rates and charges,  
            including an administrative fee and delinquency fees, on  
            loans of at least $250 and less than $2,500, subject to  
            certain requirements. Licensees participating in the program  
            are also permitted to use the services of a "finder" as  
            defined in Section 22353(b) of the Financial Code. (Cal.  
            Dept. of Corp., About the Affordable Credit Building  
            Opportunities Program  
             [as of Apr. 26,  
            2013].)

          The four-year pilot project began on January 1, 2011 and will  
          end on January 1, 2015.  To allow the Legislature to evaluate  
          the effectiveness of the pilot, a report must be submitted by  
          the Commissioner of the Department of Corporations by January 1,  
          2014 that summarizes utilization of the pilot program and  
          includes recommendations regarding whether the program should be  
          continued after January 1, 2015.

          This bill, based on conversations with the three SB 1146 pilot  
          program lenders about changes that could improve the pilot,  
          seeks to expand the number of lenders offering loans between  
          $300 and $2500 by, among other things, adding an underwriting  
          fee, increasing the origination fee, interest rates, late fees,  
          and the frequency of the underwriting and origination fee. 

          This bill was approved by the Senate Committee on Banking &  
          Financial Institutions by on April 17, 2013, by a vote of 9-0.

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing law  , the California Finance Lenders Law (CFLL),  
          administered by the Department of Corporations (DOC), authorizes  
          the licensure of finance lenders, who may make secured and  
                                                                      



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          unsecured consumer and commercial loans (Fin. Code Sec. 22000 et  
          seq.).  

           Existing law  provides that CFLL licensees who make consumer  
          loans under $2,500 are capped at interest rates which range from  
          12 percent to 30 percent per year, depending on the unpaid  
          balance of the loan. (Fin. Code Secs. 22303, 22304.)   
          Administrative fees are capped at the lesser of 5 percent of the  
          principal amount of the loan or $50. (Fin. Code Sec. 22305.)  

           Existing law  authorizes, until January 1, 2015, the Pilot  
          Program for Affordable Credit-Building Opportunities that allow  
          licensees accepted into the program to offer small-dollar  
          consumer loans under the CFLL that are subject to the following:
                 the loan has a minimum principal amount upon origination  
               of $250 and is not more than $2,500, as specified;
           the interest rate does not exceed 30 percent for the unpaid  
            principal balance of the loan up to and including $1,000, and,  
            26 percent for the unpaid balance of the loan in excess of  
            $1,000;
           an administrative fee not in excess of either five percent of  
            the principal amount, or $65, whichever is less;
           the loan term is: (1) 90 days for loans whose principal  
            balance upon origination is less than $500; (2) 120 days for  
            loans whose principal balance upon origination is at least  
            $500, but less than $1,500; and (3) 180 days for loans whose  
            principal balance upon origination is at least $1,500;
           the licensee must report each borrower's payment performance  
            to at least one of the national credit reporting agencies; and
           the licensee must underwrite each loan and shall not make a  
            loan if it determines that the borrower's total monthly debt  
            service payments exceed 50 percent of the borrower's gross  
            monthly income. (Fin. Code Sec. 22348 et seq.)

           Existing law  imposes various other restrictions on participants  
          in the above pilot program, including the use of finders, and  
          requires the Commissioner of the Department of Corporations to  
          submit a report summarizing utilization of the pilot program,  
          including recommendations regarding whether the program should  
          be continued after January 1, 2015.  (Fin. Code Sec. 22361.) 

           This bill  would, until January 1, 2018, similarly establish the  
          pilot program for Increased Access to Responsible Small Dollar  
          Loans (Program) for the purpose of allowing greater access for  
          responsible installment loans in principal amounts of at least  
          $200 and less than $2,500.  This bill would require loans made  
                                                                      



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          pursuant to the Program to meet the following requirements:
                 loans must have a minimum principal amount of $300 upon  
               origination and a term not less than:  (1) 90 days for  
               loans whose principal balance is less than $500; (2) 120  
               days for loans whose principal balance is at least $500 but  
               less than $1,500; and (3) 180 days for loans whose  
               principal balance is at least $1,500;
                 licensees may charge the following interest rate: (1)  
               32.75 percent plus the United States prime lending rate on  
               that portion of the unpaid principal balance up to $1,000;  
               (2) 28.75 percent plus the United States prime lending rate  
               on that portion of the unpaid principal balance in excess  
               of $1,000, but less than $2,500;
                 an underwriting fee not to exceed $30, and an  
               administrative fee in an amount not to exceed six percent  
               of the principal amount, or $75, whichever is less.  A  
               licensee may not charge an underwriting fee more than once  
               in any four-month period, and no administrative or  
               underwriting fee may be charged in connection with a  
               refinance unless more than eight months have elapsed, as  
               specified;
                 licensees may require reimbursement for the actual  
               insufficient fund fees incurred due to actions of the  
               borrower, and, may contract for and receive a delinquency  
               fee that is: (1) for a period of delinquency less than 4  
               days, $16; or (2) for a period not less than 14 days, $22.   
               No more than one delinquency fee may be imposed per  
               delinquent payment; no more than two delinquency fees may  
               be imposed during any period of 30 consecutive days;
                 prior to disbursement of loan proceeds, the licensee  
               must either offer a credit education program or seminar, as  
               specified, or invite the borrower to a credit education  
               program or seminary offered by an independent third party,  
               as specified; and
                 allow the loan to be rescinded by the end of the  
               business day following the date the loan is consummated.

           This bill  would prohibit a licensee or any of its subsidiaries  
          from attempting to collect a delinquent payment for a period of  
          at least 30 days following the start of the delinquency before  
          selling or assigning that unpaid debt to an independent party  
          for collection.

           This bill  would require a licensee to report each borrower's  
          payment performance to at least one consumer credit reporting  
          agency, upon acceptance as a data furnisher by that consumer  
                                                                      



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          reporting agency.  A licensee that is accepted as a data  
          furnisher after admittance into the Program must report all  
          borrower payment performance since its inception of lending  
          under the Program, as specified.

           This bill  would proscribe the procedures by which an entity may  
          apply for the Program and permits the Deputy Commissioner of  
          Business Oversight for the Division of Corporations to approve a  
          licensee for the program before that licensee has been accepted  
          as a data furnisher by a consumer reporting agency, as  
          specified.

           This bill  would require a licensee to underwrite each loan and  
          state that the licensee shall not make the loan if it determines  
          that the borrower's total monthly debt service payments exceed  
          50 percent of the borrower's gross monthly income, as specified.

           This bill  would require the licensee to notify each borrower, at  
          least two days prior to each payment due date, informing the  
          borrower of the amount due, and the payment due date.

           This bill  would expressly prohibit:  (1) any person, in  
          connection with the making of a loan, from offering, selling, or  
          requiring "credit insurance;" (2) a licensee from requiring, as  
          a condition of the loan, that the borrower waive any right,  
          penalty, remedy, forum or procedure provided for in any law  
          applicable to the loan, as specified; and (3) a licensee from  
          refusing to do business with, or discriminating against a  
          borrower or applicant on the basis that the person refuses to  
          waive any right, penalty, remedy, forum, or procedure.

           This bill  would expressly allow a licensee to use the services  
          of one or more finders, as specified.  Those finders may perform  
          one or more of the following services for a licensee at the  
          finder's physical location for business:  (1) distributing  
          written materials; (2) providing written factual information  
          about the loan; (3) notifying a prospective borrower of the  
          information needed to complete an application; (4) entering  
          information from a prospective borrower into a database; (5)  
          assembling credit applications and other materials; (6)  
          contacting the licensee to determine the status of loan  
          application; (7) communicating a response regarding  
          underwriting; and (8) obtaining the borrower's signature on  
          documents.

           This bill  would prohibit a finder from engaging in the  
                                                                      



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          following: (1) providing counseling advice; (2) providing  
          unapproved loan-related marketing material; and (3) interpreting  
          or explaining marketing materials.

           This bill  would also specify activities that qualify a person as  
          a broker rather than a finder, and require a finder to comply  
          with all laws applicable to the licensee that impose  
          requirements on the licensee for information security  
          safeguards.

           This bill  would also require a finder to provide a specified  
          statutory disclosure upon receiving or processing an application  
          for a Program loan and allow a finder to be compensated, as  
          specified, by the licensee pursuant to a written agreement.   
          This bill would prohibit a licensee from directly or indirectly  
          passing on any portion of the finder's fee to a borrower.

           This bill  would further require a licensee to notify the Deputy  
          Commissioner within 15 days of entering into a contract with a  
          finder, as specified, pay an annual finder registration fee, and  
          submit an annual report to the Deputy Commissioner regarding the  
          finder, as specified.  This bill would require all arrangements  
          between a licensee and a finder to be set forth in a written  
          agreement between the parties.

           This bill  would allow the Deputy Commissioner to examine the  
          operations of each licensee and finder to ensure compliance, and  
          permit the Deputy Commissioner to take specified actions against  
          a finder upon a determination that a finder has acted in  
          violation.

           This bill  would require the Deputy Commissioner to examine each  
          licensee at least once every 24 months and provide that the cost  
          of the examination shall be paid to the deputy commissioner by  
          the licensee examined.

           This bill  would, on or before January 1, 2016, and again, on or  
          before January 1, 2017, require the Deputy Commissioner to post  
          a report on his or her Internet Web site summarizing utilization  
          of the Program, as specified.  That report shall include, among  
          other things, the results of a random survey of borrowers who  
          have participated in the Program.




                                                                      



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                                        COMMENT
           
          1.   Stated need for the bill  

          According to the author:

            In 2010, SB 1146 was enacted to authorize a pilot program  
            intended to increase the availability of responsible small  
            dollar loans made in California.  Since that legislation was  
            enacted, five lenders have applied to participate in the SB  
            1146 pilot program.  Three of the applicants were accepted,  
            including Progreso (accepted to the pilot program in April  
            2011; made 118,000 loans under the pilot during 2012),  
            LendUp (accepted to the pilot program in November 2012 and  
            not yet lending under the pilot), and FairLoan Financial  
            (accepted to the pilot program in November 2012; has made  
            under 100 loans under the pilot program since acceptance).   
            Two of the applicants to the pilot program withdrew their  
            applications.  

            Despite the existence of the SB 1146 pilot, relatively few  
            installment loans are made in California, with principal  
            amounts under $2,500.  This represents a challenge to the  
            significant population of people in California, who are  
            unable to access affordable credit through banks and credit  
            unions.  Californians who lack credit scores or have very  
            thin credit files currently have very few options when they  
            need to borrow money.  Credit cards are often unavailable to  
            this population, or, if available, bear very high interest  
            rates and fees.  Californians with subprime credit scores  
            also have few options for affordable credit, and typically  
            access payday lenders or high-interest rate installment  
            lenders that lend in amounts above $2,500, when their  
            incomes fail to match their spending needs.  

          The author further states that this bill would establish a new  
          pilot program under the California Finance Lender's Law (CFLL)  
          and builds upon the experiences and knowledge gained through  
          establishment of the Pilot Program for Affordable Credit  
          Building Opportunities (SB 1146, Florez, Chapter 640, Statutes  
          of 2010).

          Progreso Financiero, sponsor of SB 1146, further asserts that  
                                                                      



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          "after several years of experience in the Pilot it is clear  
          that more needs to be done to increase access to the program  
          for both lenders and borrowers.  We need to make the benefits  
          of the Pilot more widespread, viable and useful to  
          Californians."

          2.   Building on SB 1146
           
          This bill seeks to enact a new four-year pilot project that is  
          largely modeled upon the Pilot Program for Affordable  
          Credit-Building Opportunities enacted by SB 1146.  That bill  
          sought to create an alternative to payday loans by establishing  
          a pilot program that would allow CFLL licensees to offer a new  
          type of small-dollar consumer loan that meets specified  
          requirements.  SB 1146 was based upon the small-dollar loan  
          model of Progreso Financiero (Progreso), a company based in  
          Mountain View, California which offers short-term, unsecured  
          loans of $250 to $2,500 directed to Latino borrowers who lack  
          credit scores.  As noted above by the author, Progreso was  
          accepted into the SB 1146 pilot and made 118,000 loans during  
          2012.  

          In response to feedback received from existing participants  
          (including Progreso), this bill would enact a four-year pilot  
          project that is substantially similar to the SB 1146 pilot, but,  
          also, increase the various fees that may be charged to consumers  
          who take out these loans.  Regarding those fees, the Law  
          Foundation of Silicon Valley writes: "[W]e strongly support the  
          goal of expanding access to credit and creating affordable and  
          reasonably-priced alternatives for our community to payday  
          borrowing.  It has been represented to us that the SB 1146  
          [pilot] established in 2010 has not created a profitable model  
          for such alternatives to flourish.  As such, we are amenable to  
          a modification of the pilot that would add some increased  
          revenue; however, we are concerned that the proposed fee  
          structure would add excessive costs to borrowers and create a  
          riskier loan." 

          It should also be noted that this new pilot program is being  
          proposed just two years into the SB 1146 pilot - the Committee  
          should consider whether it is appropriate, on a fundamental  
          level, to create a new pilot program before the conclusion of  
          the SB 1146 pilot program. 

            a.    Interest rate tied to prime lending rate  

                                                                      



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            Under the existing SB 1146 pilot program, a licensee may  
            charge a fee of two and a half percent a month on an unpaid  
            balance of a loan up to $1,000, and, two and one sixth a  
            percent per month on the balance between $1,001 and $2,500.   
            Those fees equate to an interest rate of 30 percent for the  
            amount up to $1,000, and, 26 percent for the amount above  
            $1,000. This bill would increase both of those interest rates  
            as follows:  (1) on the unpaid principal balance up to $1,000,  
            an interest rate of 32.75 percent plus the United States prime  
            lending rate (prime); and (2) on the unpaid balance in excess  
            of $1,000, but less than $2,500, 28.75 percent plus prime.  

            The author, in support of the changes, asserts that the rates  
            reflect the high costs of capital, customer acquisition, and  
            loan origination that are experienced by non-depository  
            institutions.  Center for Responsible Lending (CRL) expresses  
            concerns about the rate increases and states: "We heavily  
            negotiated these interest rates in SB 1146, which already  
            represent an increase from the non-pilot CFLL rates . . .  We  
            believe the increases in the interest rates are larger than  
            would be necessary to generate sufficient additional revenues  
            for pilot lenders.  We would limit the increase in rates, and  
            would also eliminate the tie to the prime rate, since rates  
            are at historic lows, rates will only move upward.  Given the  
            4-year horizon of the pilot [program] and the likelihood that  
            interest rates will remain low for its duration, we see no  
            need to tie the pilot [program] interest rates to the prime  
            rate.  We would suggest adjusting rates to 32 percent for the  
            first $1000 and 28 percent after." The author, in response to  
            that proposal, argues:

               This component is critical for ensuring the success of  
               the SB 318 pilot.  The nondepository lenders who make  
               pilot program loans experience an extremely high cost of  
               funds (in the range of 20 [percent] to 22 [percent],  
               depending on their size and history).  We are currently  
               in an historically low-interest rate environment.  As  
               interest rates rise, the lenders' cost of funds will  
               rise.  If they are unable to increase the interest rates  
               on the loans they make, they will lose any possibility of  
               breaking even on those loans.  The pilot program will  
               lose its existing participants and fail to attract new  
               ones.  The change sought by [Consumers Union] and CRL is  
               simply non-negotiable. . . . The second component of this  
               amendment would reduce the proposed interest rate  
               structure in SB 318 from what is now 36 [percent] /32  
                                                                      



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               [percent] (based on the current prime rate), to 32  
               [percent] /28 [percent], fixed.  The interest rates  
               proposed in SB 318 are based on pilot lenders'  
               experiences regarding the changes they need for the pilot  
               program to work; they are not arbitrary.

            Staff notes that the prime rate is a commonly used short-term  
            interest rate and is often used in calculating changes to  
            adjustable rate mortgages.  While the prime rate is currently  
            3.25 percent (thus, making the proposed interest rates 36  
            percent and 32 percent respectively), that rate was recently  
            as high as 8 percent between 2007 and 2008. If the fund rate  
            does increase, the permissible interest rate will rise above  
            36 percent (which is seen by some as the maximum fair rate).   
            It should also be noted that federal legislation was recently  
            introduced to cap interest rates and fees on all consumer  
            credit transactions at 36 percent.  An April 9, 2013 article  
              in The Hill entitled "Senators seek to cap interest rates on  
            consumer loans" reports:

               Senate Majority Whip Dick Durbin (D-Ill.) along with  
               several other lawmakers, introduced a bill on Tuesday  
               that would create an interest rate and fee cap of 36  
               percent for all consumer credit transactions, in an  
               effort to end rates that can skyrocket up to 300 percent.  
               . . .  Efforts to tackle exorbitant interest rates have  
               failed in the past because of the difficulty in defining  
               predatory lending.  In an effort to solve the problem,  
               the bill would apply the cap to all open-end and  
               closed-end consumer credit transactions, including  
               mortgages, car loans, credit cards, overdraft loans, car  
               title loans, refund anticipation loans and payday loans.  
               By setting a relatively high interest rate as the cap and  
               applying that cap to all credit transactions, the bill  
               overcomes the problem by putting all consumer  
               transactions on the same path.  (Needham, Senators seek  
               to cap interest rates on consumer loans, The Hill,  
                [as of Apr. 26. 2013].)

            Given the historical concerns about charging of interest rates  
            greater than 36 percent, and considering that this bill is a  
            four-year pilot program that must be reviewed by the  
            Legislature, the Committee should consider whether it is  
            appropriate to tie the interest rates to prime or, instead,  
                                                                      



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            cap the rates that may be charged.  One possible alternative  
            to the approach suggested by CRL is to cap the proposed  
            interest rates at 36 percent.  That compromise would  
            essentially give the proponents the benefit of the increased  
            rate (and continue to tie the rates to prime), but, ensure  
            that the rates do not surpass 36 percent.

            SHOULD THE INTEREST RATES BE CAPPED AT 36 PERCENT?

            b.   Underwriting fee and administrative (origination) fee  

            This bill would additionally authorize an underwriting fee of  
            $30, and an administrative fee not to exceed six percent of  
            the principal amount, or $75. The author contends that the $30  
            underwriting fee reflects the high cost of stringent  
            underwriting, and the origination fee reflects the fact that  
            the cost to originate a loan is not driven by loan amount,  
            thus, the fee is increased to the maximum origination fee  
            authorized by the CFL for loans of $2,500 or above.  In  
            comparison, the original pilot program allowed an  
            administrative fee of either five percent or $65, whichever is  
            less, and did not permit the charging of an underwriting fee.   


            Consumers Union (CU), in opposition, expresses concern that  
            the current provisions of SB 318 may impose too many fees on  
            consumers and result in riskier loans, but, appreciates the  
            intent of SB 318 and suggests, instead, that there be one  
            origination fee instead of an "administrative fee" and an  
            additional "underwriting fee."  CRL similarly asserts that a  
            second administrative fee is excessive and unwarranted.  In  
            response to those concerns, the author offers an amendment to  
            delete the underwriting fee and charge only one origination  
            fee, but only if the origination fee is set at seven percent  
            of principal amount, capped at $90.  The author further  
            contends that "[t]his represents a significant cost concession  
            on our part.  The SB 1146 origination cost structure fails to  
            come anywhere close to covering the cost to originate a pilot  
            program loan."  

            Staff notes that the author's proposed compromise would still  
            significantly increase the five percent fee (capped at $65)  
            that was allowed under the SB 1146 pilot.  Accordingly, the  
            Committee should consider whether it is appropriate to raise  
            that fee (in addition to the interest rate increase described  
            above). 
                                                                      



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            SHOULD THE ADMINISTRATIVE FEE BE INCREASED?

            It should also be noted that this bill would allow lenders to  
            charge borrowers an underwriting and origination fee in  
            connection with a new loan ever four months (SB 1146 permitted  
            that fee to be charged every six months).  An underwriting and  
            origination fee could be charged once every eight months in  
            connection with a refinancing as opposed to every twelve  
            months under SB 1146.  With respect to the refinancing  
            provision, CRL expresses concern about serial refinancing done  
            to generate fees while providing little or no benefit to  
            borrowers. 

            SHOULD THE FREQUENCY OF FEES BE INCREASED?

            c.    Late fees  

            This bill would allow a lender to receive a late fee of $16  
            after four days of delinquency, and, a fee of $22 after 14  
            days of delinquency.  In comparison, the SB 1146 pilot program  
            allowed a late fee of $12 after seven days of delinquency,  
            and, a fee of $18 after 14 days of delinquency.  Thus, the  
            proposed pilot program would both increase the amount of each  
            late fee by $4 and shorten the time period in which the fee is  
            assessed.  The author asserts that these changes are based on  
            the finding that more stringent delinquency fees are highly  
            motivating to borrowers and that the proposed fees are  
            expected to reduce the number of delinquencies.

            CRL asserts that the late fees in the existing pilot program  
            are sufficient and "were subject to significant negotiation  
            during SB 1146 deliberations . . . Late fees should be  
            reasonable and proportionate to the late payment that was  
            missed."  CU, in opposition, similarly requests that the first  
            late fee permitted after only seven days of delinquency (not  
            four) because four calendar days is too little time for the  
            consumer to correct the problem - especially when it falls  
            over the weekend.  CU further requests that only modest  
            increases be made to the amounts of late fees - no more than  
            10 percent.  In response to those concerns, the author offers  
            an amendment to permit the first late fee after seven days  
            (consistent with the existing project), and, to allow a late  
            fee of $14 and $20, respectively.  As with the above proposed  
            increases, the Committee should consider whether the proposed  
            increase in the amount of late fee is appropriate.
                                                                      



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            ARE THE PROPOSED INCREASES IN THE LATE FEE APPROPRIATE?

            d.   Secured loans  

            SB 1146 specifically required loans to be unsecured  
            (essentially relying upon a borrower's promise to pay it back  
            as opposed to collateral), but, this bill does not include a  
            similar limitation.  CRL notes that while this bill removes  
            the requirement for a loan to be unsecured, none of the  
            participating lenders indicate an interest or desire to add  
            secured loans to their existing programs and that "[s]ecured  
            loans are more risky for borrowers - especially when secured  
            by a car - but less risky for lenders." In response to those  
            concerns, the author offers an amendment to similarly limit  
            the proposed program project to "unsecured loans."



                Author's amendment  :

               Permit only unsecured loans.

          3.   Remaining differences between this bill and SB 1146  

          The author notes that this bill would make the following changes  
          relative to the SB 1146 pilot program:
                 streamline the application process by allowing any  
               business in good standing with its regulator in California  
               to submit a joint application for licensure under the CFLL  
               and admittance to the pilot program;
                 delete the requirement that a licensee be approved as a  
               data furnisher by a consumer credit reporting agency before  
               being accepted into the pilot.  The Commissioner of the  
               Department of Corporations would be authorized to approve a  
               licensee for the new pilot program, before that licensee  
               has been accepted as a data furnisher, if the Commissioner  
               has a reasonable expectation, based on information supplied  
               by the licensee, that: (1) the licensee will be accepted as  
               a data furnisher, once it achieves a lending volume  
               required of data furnishers of its type by a consumer  
               reporting agency, and (2) such lending volume will be  
               achieved within the first six months of the licensee  
               commencing lending under the pilot;
                 define consumer reporting agency;
                 increase the information provided to borrowers at  
                                                                      



          SB 318 (Hill and Steinberg)
          Page 14 of ?



               origination;
                 clarify language regarding finders from the SB 1146  
               pilot program by providing that licensees who use finders  
               are responsible for identifying one or more employees of a  
               finder, who are in charge of finder activities across all  
               of that finder's locations, and clarify that the disclosure  
               notice required to be provided by lenders who utilize  
               finders, to borrowers may be provided as part of the loan  
               contract, or via any other means acceptable to the  
               borrower; and
                 require the DOC to publish two reports, rather than one,  
               regarding lender and borrower performance under the new  
               pilot program, and would alter some of the data elements of  
               the report to focus more on lender and borrower  
               performance.

          Similarly, the following provisions of SB 318 are not contained  
          in the SB 1146 pilot program:
                 pilot program lenders must remind the borrower about  
               upcoming payments;
                 a licensee may appoint one or more branch managers;
                 provides that provision by a third party of an  
               electronic portal, which can be used by a prospective  
               borrower to "click through" to a pilot lender's Internet  
               Web site, does not, in and of itself, represent finder  
               activity; and
                 amend the CFLL to provide that the extension of a loan  
               subject to the CFLL by a person that is unlicensed under  
               the CFLL voids the loan contract, and would prohibit any  
               person from collecting or receiving any principal, charges,  
               or other recompense in connection with the loan. 


          4.   Comparison with payday loans  
           
          The author and supporters assert that the pilot program created  
          by this bill will provide consumers with an alternative to  
          payday loans.  Although the comparison with payday loans is  
          appropriate, it is not a strict apples-to-apples comparison for  
          two reasons.  

          First, the pilot program would permit a licensee to offer a  
          small-dollar loan of $300 to $2,500.  Payday loans, on the other  
          hand, are capped at $300 for the face value of the check (minus  
          the $45 fee, leaving the borrower with $255).  As a result, a  
          borrower who needs a $200 loan cannot access the pilot program  
                                                                      



          SB 318 (Hill and Steinberg)
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          and may then turn to a payday lender for assistance.  On the  
          other hand, if the borrower could take out a more responsible  
          longer-term loan for $900 under the program, he or she is  
          arguably less likely to need to turn to a payday loan.  Second,  
          payday loan borrowers must have bank accounts.  The pilot  
          program, however, does not require that a prospective borrower  
          have a bank account and, in fact, contemplates that a number of  
          borrowers who are able to obtain loans under the pilot program  
          are unbanked, that is, they do not have bank accounts.  
           
          It should be noted that this bill would also contain two  
          critical elements that are not a part of the payday loan  
          product.  First, this bill would require licensees to report  
          borrowers to a major credit bureau, thereby helping borrowers to  
          gain a credit history, unlike payday loans which are not  
          reported.  Second, unlike payday loans, the bill would require  
          licensees to underwrite the loan and ensure that the loan is  
          affordable to the borrower. 


           Support  :  FairLoan Financial; LendUp; OpenCoin; Progreso  
          Financiero; Silicon Valley Leadership Group; Vallarta  
          Supermarkets

           Opposition  :  Consumers Union

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  Author

           Related Pending Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :  SB 1146 (Florez, Ch. 640, Stats. of 2010)  
          See Background.

           Prior Vote  : Senate Committee on Banking & Finance (Ayes 9, Noes  
          0)

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