BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                             Senator Noreen Evans, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session


          SB 345 (Evans)
          As Introduced
          Hearing Date: May 7, 2013
          Fiscal: No
          Urgency: No
          BCP


                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                          Attorneys: Annual Membership Fees

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would authorize the State Bar of California (State Bar  
          or the Bar) to collect active membership dues of up to $390 for  
          the year 2014.  Consistent with existing law, those dues would  
          fund only mandatory programs of the State Bar, and members can  
          deduct $5 if they did not wish to support lobbying and other  
          legislative activities.  Members can also deduct an additional  
          $5 if they did not wish to fund access and elimination of bias  
          programs.  

                                      BACKGROUND  

          The State Bar of California is a public corporation.  Attorneys  
          who wish to practice law in California generally must be  
          admitted and licensed in this state and must be a member of the  
          State Bar.  (Cal. Const., art. VI, Sec. 9.)  The State Bar of  
          California is the largest state bar in the country.  As of May  
          2013, the State Bar had 178,050 active members and 51,985  
          inactive members, which represents a slight annual increase in  
          both active members and inactive members.  Total State Bar  
          membership is listed at 242,738, which includes 2,122 judge  
          members and 10,580 members who are "Not Eligible to Practice  
          Law."
           
          The Bar's programs are financed mostly by annual membership dues  
          paid by attorneys as well as other fees paid by applicants  
          seeking to practice law.  
                                            
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                               CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
          
           Existing law  requires all attorneys who practice law in  
          California to be members of the State Bar and establishes the  
          State Bar for the purpose of regulating the legal profession.   
          Pursuant to the State Bar Act, the annual mandatory membership  
          fee set by the State Bar's Board of Governors to pay for  
          discipline and other functions must be ratified by the  
          Legislature.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6000 et seq.)

           Existing law  authorizes the State Bar to collect $315 in annual  
          membership fees from active members for a total annual dues bill  
          of $410 for the year 2013.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.)  The  
          other $95 is pursuant to statutory authorization to assess  
          annually the following fees:  $40 for the Client Security Fund  
          (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.55); $25 for disciplinary  
          activities (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.6); $10 to fund the  
          Lawyer Assistance Program (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.9); $10  
          special assessment to fund information technology upgrades  
          (expires January 1, 2014) (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.35); and  
          $10 for the Building Fund (expires January 1, 2014) (Bus. &  
          Prof. Code Sec. 6140.3). 

           Existing law  authorizes the State Bar to collect $75 in annual  
          membership fees from inactive members for a total annual dues  
          bill of $125 for the year 2013.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6141.)   
          The other $50 is pursuant to statutory authorization to assess  
          annually the following fees:  $10 for the Client Security Fund  
          (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.55); $25 for disciplinary  
          activities (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.6); $5 to fund the  
          Lawyer Assistance Program (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.9); and  
          $10 for the Building Fund (expires January 1, 2014) (Bus. &  
          Prof. Code Sec. 6140.3).

           Existing case law  , Keller v. State Bar of California (1990) 496  
          U.S. 1, prohibits the use by the State Bar of mandatory dues to  
          fund political and ideological activities, as a violation of a  
          member's First Amendment freedom of speech rights, where such  
          expenditures are not necessarily or reasonably incurred for the  
          purpose of regulating the legal profession or improving the  
          quality of the legal services available to the people of the  
          state.  Existing law allows members to deduct up to $5 from the  
          mandatory dues if the member does not wish to fund legislative  
          activities and non-Keller lobbying and activities with his or  
          her dues.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.05; Keller v. State Bar  
          of California (1990) 496 U.S. 1.)
                                                                      



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           Existing law  , until January 1, 2014, directs $20 of membership  
          dues to legal services purposes unless a member elects not to  
          support those activities.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.01.) 
          
          This bill  would authorize the State Bar to collect active  
          membership dues of up to $390 for the year 2014.
          
                                        COMMENT
           
          1.   Stated need for the bill  

          In support of the bill, the author notes that "[l]egislative  
          authorization is required and this is part of the Senate and  
          Assembly Judiciary Committees' annual oversight responsibilities  
          of the Bar."


          2.    State Bar's Five-Year Strategic Plan  

          Two years ago, the Legislature passed and the Governor signed SB  
          163 (Evans, Chapter 417, Statutes of 2011), which contained  
          substantial and extensive changes to the State Bar's governance  
          structure.  In particular, the bill renamed the State Bar's  
          Board of Governors as the Board of Trustees and revised the  
          composition and size of that board to be made up of six public  
          members appointed by the Governor and the Legislature, as  
          provided under existing law, and 13 attorney members.  

          Under SB 163, the Board of Trustees was also required to  
          complete and implement a five-year strategic plan, to be updated  
          every two years.  The bill required the president of the State  
          Bar to report to the Supreme Court, the Governor, and the Senate  
          and Assembly Judiciary Committees on the measures the board has  
          taken to implement the strategic plan and the measures the board  
          will need to take in the remaining years of the strategic plan  
          to address the projected needs contained in the plan.  SB 163  
          required that information to be submitted in conjunction with  
          the submission of the board's proposed final budget, which is  
          required under existing law to be submitted by February 15th.   
          (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 6140.1.)  The State Bar submitted this  
          plan on February 5, 2012, and submitted a report on measures  
          taken to implement that plan on February 15, 2013.

          The five-year strategic plan indicated that the Bar's strategy  
          for the next five years is to "re-tool the organization for  
                                                                      



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          sustainable, lasting improvement by re-making key aspects of its  
          organizational culture.  The essence of the State Bar's strategy  
          for achieving this is to insist upon change throughout the  
          organization."  The plan then described the three major  
          operational initiatives that the Bar is "undertaking to carry  
          out this strategy."  Those three initiatives are:  (1)  
          information technology modernization and enhancement; (2)  
          modernization and improvement of physical facilities; and (3)  
          operational process re-engineering.  The State Bar provided the  
          following updates to each of the three initiatives in its  
          February 15, 2013 report:

             Information Technology Initiative
             
            1.  After a competitive RFP [(request for proposal)] process,  
            the State Bar selected and purchased a modern, commercial  
            off-the-shelf case management system for the Office of Chief  
            Trial Counsel.  The system implementation process was launched  
            in November.

            2.  The State Bar issued an RFP for a case management system  
            for the State Bar Court as well, and the evaluation process is  
            now underway.

            3.  The State Bar also began the process of gathering  
            requirements and preparing an RFP for the replacement of the  
            systems used by the Office of Admissions.


             Physical Facilities Initiative
             
            1.  The State Bar has purchased the office building at 845 S.  
            Figueroa in Los Angeles and is currently preparing it for  
            occupancy.  The building will house the State Bar's Los  
            Angeles operations after the expiration of its lease at the  
            AT&T Center. 

            2.  The State Bar has engaged a property management firm to  
            manage operations and capital improvement projects at its 180  
            Howard Street headquarters in San Francisco.  This was an  
            important step toward long-needed maintenance and improvement  
            projects at the 180 Howard building.

            3.  The State Bar has reviewed its operations in Los Angeles  
            to determine whether any activities should be relocated to San  
            Francisco to reduce costs or improve efficiency.  As a result,  
                                                                      



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            the bar has consolidated the Admissions Moral Character unit  
            in San Francisco, relocating two positions.  The review also  
            concluded that the costs and risks associated with relocating  
            the Admissions Operations unit, which is responsible for the  
            logistics of the bar exam, would outweigh the benefits by a  
            significant margin.  Similarly, it concluded that shifting  
            discipline system staff to San Francisco would not be  
            beneficial. 

             Process Re-Engineering
             
            1.  In 2012, the Office of Chief Trial Counsel restructured  
            its entire approach to prosecuting cases so that, today, each  
            case is handled by a single team from beginning to end.  This  
            has eliminated timeconsuming hand-offs and provided clear  
            accountability for the handling of each case.

            2.  The Office of Admissions, in collaboration with the Office  
            of Budget and Performance Analysis, has undertaken a  
            comprehensive project to document and review all of the major  
            business processes in the Admissions area.  This project is  
            now in its final phases. 

            3.  The Office of Information Technology has reorganized  
            itself into an industry-standard three-part structure, with  
            units for Operations, Applications, and Project Management.

          The February 15, 2013 report further noted that the Board  
          expects to do the following to fully implement the strategic  
          plan:  (1) complete the implementation of the case management  
          system in the Office of Chief Trial Counsel; (2) select and  
          implement a case management system for the State Bar Court; (3)  
          select and implement a new system or platform for admissions;  
          (4) select and implement a new member records and billing  
          system; (5) complete tenant improvements at the 845 S. Figueroa  
          building and move in; (6) update the physical layout of the  
          Bar's offices in San Francisco to facilitate collaboration and  
          eliminate outdated "silos;" (7) complete the process review in  
          admissions and implement any process improvements which may be  
          feasible prior to the implementation of the new admissions  
          system; and (8) extend the process review effort to encompass  
          the discipline system beyond the Office Chief Trial Counsel, as  
          specified.

          3.    Bar dues amount affected by the sunset of various fees and  
            transfers  
                                                                      



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          This bill would authorize the State Bar to collect active  
          membership dues of up to $390 for the year 2014.  That amount is  
          reduced by $20 from last year due to the sunset of both a $10  
          assessment to fund information technology upgrades and a $10  
          assessment for the Building Fund.  Furthermore, an optional  
          provision relating to legal services organizations also sunsets  
          at the end of this year.

             a.         Sunset of assessment to fund information technology  
               upgrades  

            In 2007, SB 686 (Corbett, Chapter 474, Statutes of 2007)  
            authorized the State Bar to collect a special assessment of up  
            to $10 per year from active members in order to fund upgrades  
            to the Bar's information technology system, including  
            purchasing and maintenance costs of both computer hardware and  
            software.  The assessment, which originally would have sunset  
            on January 1, 2011, was extended to January 1, 2014 by AB 2764  
            (Committee on Judiciary, Chapter 476, Statutes of 2010).  In  
            extending the sunset, this Committee's analysis noted:

               Because the costs for improving IT [(information  
               technology)] are ongoing, the author has agreed to . . .  
               extend the sunset for another three years and to provide  
               that the annual report provided to the Legislature  
               contain detailed information concerning a review of how  
               any upgrades have modernized the State Bar's data  
               collection system and improved the tracking of  
               disciplinary cases:

            The State Bar's April 1, 2013 report on Information  
            Technology-Technology Improvement Update notes that:  "From  
            2008 through 2012, the State Bar has expended a total of $4.1  
            million for upgrades to its personal computers, desk top  
            software, servers, printers, network infrastructure, and  
            telecommunications. Additionally, the State Bar has improved  
            its web hosting and begun the process of replacing its legacy  
            prosecutorial case management, State Bar Court case management  
            and Admissions systems.  For 2013 through 2015, $6.5 million  
            is budgeted to pay for the total costs of the Bar's legacy  
            system replacements identified above as well as the cost of  
            replacing the Member Records and Billing system. Initiation of  
            the Member Records and Billing is scheduled for 2014 with a  
            planned completion date of 2015."  The report further notes  
            that the assessment has generated an average of $1.6 million  
                                                                      



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            per year (thus, over a six year period, the total amount  
            generated appears to be around $10 million).  

            Accordingly, the current $10 assessment for information  
            technology will sunset on January 1, 2014, thus, reducing the  
            dues for active members by $10 next year.  
             b.         Sunset of assessment for building fund

             Under existing law, the Board may collect an additional $10  
            from members to be used for:  (1) the costs of financing,  
            constructing, purchasing, or leasing facilities to house State  
            Bar staff; and (2) major capital improvement projects related  
            to facilities owned by the Bar.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec.  
            6140.3.)  The authority to assess that fee sunsets on January  
            1, 2014, thus, absent reauthorization, the maximum bar dues  
            amount will be reduced by another $10 next year (compared to  
            2013).  

            With respect to the $10 building fund fee, this Committee's  
            analysis of AB 3049 (Assembly Committee on Judiciary, Chapter  
            165, Statutes of 2008) noted that:

               AB 3049 would restore the $10 building fund fee for five  
               years and earmark revenues from that fee solely for the  
               construction, purchase, or lease of a facility in  
               southern California to house State Bar operations upon  
               the expiration of the State Bar's existing lease in Los  
               Angeles in January 2014.  With 160,000 current active  
               members, a number that generally grows around 5,000 to  
               6,000 annually, restoration of the building fund fee  
               should yield around $1.65 million in 2009 and perhaps  
               around $1.85 to $1.9 million in 2013, for a total fund of  
               possibly around $10.2 million in January 2014, when  
               accrued interest is included.   This amassed sum, the  
               State Bar asserts, could then be used as part of a  
               significant down payment on a purchase.

            It should be noted that the State Bar did, in fact, purchase a  
            building in Los Angeles in November of 2012.  The required  
            yearly independent audit of the State Bar noted that:  "In  
            November 2012, the State Bar purchased a building located at  
            845 South Figueroa Street in Los Angeles to house its Southern  
            California operations upon expiration of the State Bar's  
            current lease in 2014.  The purchase price of the five-story  
            building was $50 million.  Tenant improvements, moving costs,  
            broker's commissions and interim debt service are estimated at  
                                                                      



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            $20 million.  Funding sources for the total project costs are:  
             $28 million from the sale of the State Bar's Los Angeles  
            parking lot; $25.5 million in loan proceeds from Bank of  
            America; $10.2 million from the $10 dedicated building fee;  
            and approximately $6.3 million from available fund balances  
            and interfund loans."  (2012 Financial Statement and  
            Independent Auditor's Report of the State Bar of California  
            (Apr. 30, 2013) State Bar  [as of May 5, 2013] at pg. 9.)

            Accordingly, the current $10 assessment for the building will  
            sunset on January 1, 2014, thus, reducing the dues for active  
            members by another $10 next year.  

            c.   Legal services  

            In 2010, AB 2764 (Committee on Judiciary, Chapter 476,  
            Statutes of 2010) created the Temporary Emergency Legal  
            Services Voluntary Assistance Option, directing, until January  
            1, 2014, $10 of membership dues to legal services purposes  
            unless a member elected not to support those activities.  SB  
            163 (Evans, Chapter 417, Statutes of 2011) increased that  
            amount to $20 in order to address the ongoing crisis in  
            funding for legal services for lower-income Californians.  SB  
            163 also provided that in fiscal years 2012 and 2013, $2  
            million of non-mandatory dues would be transferred to the  
            Bar's legal services fund to further bolster funding for legal  
            services programs. Accordingly, as of January 1, 2014, there  
            will no longer be a direction of $20 of membership dues to  
            legal services (and no transfer of funds) - given the ongoing  
            crisis with regard to funding of legal services, the sponsor  
            and all interested parties should continue to evaluate the  
            various options that may be available to increase funding for  
            legal services in California.  

            It should be noted that the State Bar's Board of Trustees  
            approved a resolution in March to sponsor legislation to fund  
            legal services through a surcharge to be added to the annual  
            membership statement (bar dues bill), and, authorized Bar  
            staff to develop a proposal implementing that resolution.   
            That resolution noted that the existing $20 redirection of  
            membership dues, and prior transfers of $2 million, could not  
            be extended because they were underwritten by a one-time fund  
            balance.

          4.    Fiscal condition of the State Bar  
                                                                      



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          The following information was reported to the Legislature in the  
          2012 Financial Statement and Independent Auditor's Report of the  
          State Bar of California:
                 Assets  - As of December 31, 2012, the State Bar's total  
               assets were $196.2 million, up by $49.8 million, or 34.0  
               [percent] compared to $146.4 million last year.  The  
               increase is due to a combination of (1) a net $44 million  
               increase in capital assets due to the Los Angeles building  
               acquisition and the sale of the Los Angeles parking lot,  
               partially offset by normal depreciation, (2) an $11.3  
               million increase in cash and investments, and (3) a $5.5  
               million decrease in other assets and grant receivables.
                 Liabilities - The Bar's total liabilities consisted of  
               accounts payable to vendor accounts, unearned fees  
               collected in advance, grants payable, loans payable, and  
               employee vacation and sick leave accruals.  As of December  
               31, 2012, State Bar's total liabilities were $61.2 million,  
               up by $22.1 million, or 51 [percent] compared to last year.  
                The increase is mainly due to a combination of (1) a $25.4  
               million mortgage loan obligation obtained for the Los  
               Angeles building acquisition, (2) a $3.2 million increase  
               in accounts payable to vendors due to the timing of  
               payments, (3) a $0.8 million increase in unearned member  
               dues collected in advance, and (4) offset by a $7.3 million  
               net decrease in grants payables due to the timing of  
               quarterly grant distribution to grantees.
                 Net Position - The State Bar's net position as of  
               December 31, 2012, was $135.0 million, which is up by $27.7  
               million, or 25.8 [percent] compared to 2011.  The increase  
               in net position is due largely to the $24.6 million gain  
               generated from the disposal of a parking lot in Los  
               Angeles.
                 Operating Revenues - For the fiscal year ended December  
               31, 2012, the State Bar's total operating and non-operating  
               revenues were $158.1 million.
                 Operating Expenses - For fiscal year 2012, the State  
               Bar's total operating expenses were $130.4 million, which  
               were down by $7.0 million or 5.1 [percent] compared to  
               $137.4 million last year.  The decrease is a result of cost  
               savings from operations and lower personnel costs. (2012  
               Financial Statement and Independent Auditor's Report of the  
               State Bar of California (Apr. 30, 2013) State Bar  
                [as of May  
               5, 2013] at pp. 4-7.)

                                                                      



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           Support  :  None Known

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  State Bar of California

           Related Pending Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :

          AB 2685 (Judiciary, Chapter 348, Statutes of 2012)

          SB 163 (Evans, Chapter 417, Statutes of 2011) See Comments 2 and  
          3c.
           
          AB 2764 (Judiciary, Chapter 476, Statutes of 2010) See Comment  
          3a, c.
           
          SB 55 (Corbett, Chapter 2, Statutes of 2010)
           
          SB 641 (Corbett, 2009) was vetoed by the Governor.
           
          AB 3049 (Judiciary, Chapter 165, Statutes of 2008) See Comment  
          3b.
           
          SB 686 (Corbett, Chapter 474, Statutes of 2007) See Comment 3a.
           
          AB 1529 (Jones, Chapter 341, Statutes of 2005)
           
          SB 1490 (Judiciary, Chapter 384, Statutes of 2004)
           
          AB 1708 (Judiciary, Chapter 334, Statutes of 2003)
           
          SB 352 (Kuehl, Chapter 24, Statutes of 2001)
           
          SB 1367 (Schiff, Chapter 118, Statutes of 2000)
               
          SB 144 (Schiff, Chapter 342, Statutes of 1999)

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