BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          SB 351 (Hernandez) - Health care coverage: hospital billing.
          
          Amended: April 23, 2013         Policy Vote: Health 7-2
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: Yes
          Hearing Date: May 13, 2013      Consultant: Brendan McCarthy
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: SB 351 would establish an independent medical  
          review process under which patients and payers could submit  
          bills from certain "outlier" hospitals for review. The bill  
          would also prohibit hospital systems that own three or more  
          outlier hospitals from acquiring a new hospital.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Potential ongoing costs in the low millions per year for  
              the Department of Public Health to adopt regulations and to  
              process applications for independent medical review  
              (Licensing and Certification Fund). See below.

              Potential ongoing costs in the tens of millions per year  
              for independent medical review of hospital bills, offset by  
              fees paid by hospitals (Licensing and Certification Fund).  
              See below.

          Background: Under current law, hospitals are licensed and  
          regulated by the Department of Public Health. Also under current  
          law, the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development  
          collects and analyses information relating to hospital  
          activities in the state.

          Proposed Law: SB 351 would establish an independent medical  
          review process under which patients and payers could submit  
          bills from certain "outlier" hospitals for review. 

          The bill would require the Office of Statewide Health Planning  
          and Development to analyze hospital admission and billing data  
          with respect to four specified diagnoses. The Office would be  
          required to post information on its website and to identify  
          hospitals that are statistical outliers for the rates of  
          diagnosis and billing for the specified conditions.








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          Hospitals or hospitals in an outlier hospital system, as  
          defined, would be required to notify patients and payers (such  
          as third party insurance) of that fact upon billing for  
          services.

          The bill authorizes any patient or payer who receives a bill  
          from an outlier hospital to challenge that bill through an  
          independent medical review process, to be overseen by the  
          Department of Public Health.

          The bill provides that patients and payers do not have to pay  
          any bill from an outlier hospital while that bill is under an  
          independent medical review.

          The bill provides that any outlier hospital that does not notify  
          a patient or payer of its outlier status and the opportunity for  
          independent medical review of a bill may be subject to  
          misdemeanor or felony penalties, including fines and/or  
          imprisonment.

          The bill would also prohibit hospital systems that own three or  
          more outlier hospitals from acquiring a new hospital.

          The bill includes a January 1, 2019 sunset date.

          Related Legislation: SB 359 (Hernandez, 2012) would have  
          authorized health plans to reduce payments for certain emergency  
          services to certain hospitals, based on the rate at which a  
          hospital treated out-of-network patients. That bill was vetoed  
          by Governor Brown.

          Staff Comments: Based on information from the Office of  
          Statewide Health Planning and Development, there are twelve  
          hospitals in the state that would likely be designated as  
          outlier hospitals under the bill. In 2011, those hospitals had  
          about 115,000 discharges. Assuming that 10 percent of  
          individuals request an independent medical review of their bill  
          and that 25 percent of third party payers request an independent  
          medical review of the bill total costs for independent medical  
          reviews and Department administration would be about $25 million  
          per year. 

          There are indications that the hospitals that would be  








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          designated as outliers under the bill often do not negotiate  
          contract rates with health plans and health insurers. Health  
          plans and health insurers that do not have a contract in place  
          with an outlier hospital are likely to request an independent  
          review of any bill from such a hospital, since the costs of such  
          a review must be paid by the hospital and the bill does not have  
          to be paid until the review has been completed. Therefore, the  
          actual rate of requests for review by insurers and health plans  
          could be considerably higher than is assumed in this analysis.

          The bill authorizes felony penalties for non-compliance by  
          hospitals. In theory, this could result in increased  
          incarceration costs to the state. The bill does not specify who  
          would actually be liable for incarceration for a violation by a  
          hospital. This analysis assumes that any penalties levied  
          against a hospital would consist of fines, rather than  
          incarceration.

          The only costs to a local agency under the bill relate to crimes  
          and infractions. Under the California Constitution, such costs  
          are not reimbursable by the state.