BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              S
                             2013-2014 Regular Session               B

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          SB 384 (Gaines)                                             
          As Amended April 25, 2013
          Hearing date:  April 30, 2013
          Education Code (Urgency)
          MK:mc

                               VICTIMS COMPENSATION FUND  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Author

          Prior Legislation: None

          Support: Unknown

          Opposition:None known
           


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD THE PERIOD IN WHICH THE VICTIMS COMPENSATION AND GOVERNMENT  
          CLAIMS BOARD MUST NOTIFY ELIGIBLE PERSONS FOR SCHOLARSHIPS BE  
          EXTENDED UNTIL JULY 2014?



                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this bill is to require the Victims Compensation  
          and Government Claims Board to notify victims of 9/11 that they  
          are eligible for scholarships by July 2014, and extend to July  




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                                                            SB 384 (Gaines)
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          2015 the time in which the victims must state that they want to  
          participate in the scholarship program.

          
           Existing provisions in the California Constitution  state that  
          all persons who suffer losses as a result of criminal activity  
          shall have the right to restitution from the perpetrators of  
          these crimes.  Restitution shall be ordered in every case unless  
          compelling and extraordinary reasons exist to the contrary.  The  
          Legislature shall adopt provisions to implement this section  
          during the calendar year following adoption of this section.   
          (Ca. Const. Art. 1 � 28(b).)

           Existing law  states legislative intent that a victim of crime  
          who incurs any economic loss as a result of the commission of a  
          crime shall receive restitution directly from any defendant  
          convicted of that crime.  (Pen. Code � 1202.4, subd. (a)(1).)

           Existing law  directs the court to order a defendant to make  
          restitution to the victim or victims of the defendant's crime.   
          The court shall order full restitution for the losses caused by  
          the defendant's crime unless the court finds and states  
          compelling and extraordinary reasons for not doing so.  (Pen.  
          Code � 1202.4, subd. (f).)
           
          Existing law  creates the Victims of Crime Program, administered  
          by the California Victim Compensation and Government Claims  
          Board<1>, to reimburse victims of crime for the pecuniary losses  
          they suffer as a direct result of criminal acts.   
          Indemnification is made from the Restitution Fund, which is  
          continuously appropriated to the California Victim Compensation  
          and Government Claims Board for these purposes.  (Gov. Code ��  
          13950-13968; note that �� 13969 and .2, .5, and .7 related to a  
          one-time 9/11/01 payment and are repealed effective 1/1/04.)
           
          Existing law  creates the California Memorial Scholarship Program  
          administered by the Scholarshare Investment Board to provide  
          ---------------------------
          <1>  This entity was formerly known as the State Board of  
          Control.  (Govt. Code � 13900 amended by AB 2491 - Ch. 1016,  
          Stats. 2000.)



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          scholarships for surviving dependents of California residents  
          killed as a result of injuries sustained during the Terrorist  
          attacks of September 
          11, 2001.  (Education Code � 70011.)

           Existing law  provides that the California Victims Compensation  
          and Government Claims Board shall identify all persons who are  
          eligible for scholarships under the California Memorial  
          Scholarship Program by July 1, 2003.  (Education Code �  
          70010.5(a).)

           Existing law  provides that persons eligible, or the parent or  
          guardian of an eligible person, shall inform the Scholarshare  
          Investment Board of their decision on whether to participate in  
          the program and shall execute agreements no later than July 1,  
          2005.

           This bill  changes the time of notification of the eligible  
          participants to July 1, 2014, and extends the time in which  
          agreements shall be executed to July 1, 2015.




                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION

          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's  
          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation  
          relating to conditions of confinement.  On May 23, 2011, the  
          United States Supreme Court ordered California to reduce its  
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity within two  
          years from the date of its ruling, subject to the right of the  
          state to seek modifications in appropriate circumstances.   

          Beginning in early 2007, Senate leadership initiated a policy to  
          hold legislative proposals which could further aggravate the  
          prison overcrowding crisis through new or expanded felony  
          prosecutions.  Under the resulting policy known as "ROCA" (which  
          stands for "Receivership/ Overcrowding Crisis Aggravation"), the  
          Committee held measures which created a new felony, expanded the  




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          scope or penalty of an existing felony, or otherwise increased  
          the application of a felony in a manner which could exacerbate  
          the prison overcrowding crisis.  Under these principles, ROCA  
          was applied as a content-neutral, provisional measure necessary  
          to ensure that the Legislature did not erode progress towards  
          reducing prison overcrowding by passing legislation which would  
          increase the prison population.  ROCA necessitated many hard and  
          difficult decisions for the Committee.

          In January of 2013, just over a year after the enactment of the  
          historic Public Safety Realignment Act of 2011, the State of  
          California filed court documents seeking to vacate or modify the  
          federal court order issued by the Three-Judge Court three years  
          earlier to reduce the state's prison population to 137.5 percent  
          of design capacity.  The State submitted in part that the, ". .  
          .  population in the State's 33 prisons has been reduced by over  
          24,000 inmates since October 2011 when public safety realignment  
          went into effect, by more than 36,000 inmates compared to the  
          2008 population . . . , and by nearly 42,000 inmates since 2006  
          . . . ."  Plaintiffs, who opposed the state's motion, argue in  
          part that, "California prisons, which currently average 150% of  
          capacity, and reach as high as 185% of capacity at one prison,  
          continue to deliver health care that is constitutionally  
          deficient."  In an order dated January 29, 2013, the federal  
          court granted the state a six-month extension to achieve the  
          137.5 % prisoner population cap by December 31st of this year.  

          In an order dated April 11, 2013, the Three-Judge Court denied  
          the state's motions, and ordered the state of California to  
          "immediately take all steps necessary to comply with this  
          Court's . . . Order . . . requiring defendants to reduce overall  
          prison population to 137.5% design capacity by December 31,  
          2013."         

          The ongoing litigation indicates that prison capacity and  
          related issues concerning conditions of confinement remain  
          unresolved.  However, in light of the real gains in reducing the  
          prison population that have been made, although even greater  
          reductions are required by the court, the Committee will review  
          each ROCA bill with more flexible consideration.  The following  




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          questions will inform this consideration:


                 whether a measure erodes realignment;
                 whether a measure addresses a crime which is directly  
               dangerous to the physical safety of others for which there  
               is no other reasonably appropriate sanction; 
                 whether a bill corrects a constitutional infirmity or  
               legislative drafting error; 
                 whether a measure proposes penalties which are  
               proportionate, and cannot be achieved through any other  
               reasonably appropriate remedy; and
                 whether a bill addresses a major area of public safety  
               or criminal activity for which there is no other  
               reasonable, appropriate remedy.

                                      COMMENTS

              1.   Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

               Per the recent Auditor's report on the specialty  
               license plate program, there have been inexcusable  
               errors in the implementation of the Memorial  
               Scholarship Program which provides educational  
               scholarships to eligible dependents of victims of the  
               9/11 attacks.  In 2002 the Memorial License Plate was  
               created with the accompanying fund and scholarship  
               program, with specific instructions to the Victim's  
               Compensation Board to identify and notify potential  
               scholarship recipients of their eligibility and invite  
               them to participate in the program.  There was a  
               deadline set out for not only notification, but then a  
               follow-up date for which the students or their  
               parents/guardians had to notify the Board of their  
               acceptance of the scholarship and participation in the  
               program.  

               The Victim's Compensation Board did not meet their  




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               statutory deadline for notification- in fact they far  
               surpassed it, only leaving a quarter of the time  
               allotted for students to not only realize they were  
               eligible, but then decide to participate.  The Board  
               also did not do the outreach that was instructed to be  
               done to inform potentially eligible dependents.  

               It is because of this lack of adherence to statute that  
               the authors of this bill want to re-open the Memorial  
               Scholarship Program and give eligible students who may  
               not have had the time or notification the first time  
               around, the ability to participate in a scholarship  
               that was put in place specifically to assist them.   
               This bill will give a new window of time for the  
               Victim's Compensation Board to identify, outreach, and  
               sign up eligible participants for this scholarship  
               program utilizing revenues still being received from  
               the specialty memorial license plates. 

          2.   Scholarship for 9/11 Victims  

          The California Memorial Scholarship Program was established for  
          the surviving dependents of 9/11 victims.  The scholarship is  
          administered by Scholarshare but notification of the victims was  
          to be made by the Victims Compensation and Government Claims  
          Board.  According to the author, the notification was not done  
          in a timely or complete manner and thus many eligible  
          participants did not meet the deadline for stating their  
          interest. This bill intends to remedy that problem by extending  
          the time frames in which the Victims Compensation and Government  
          Claims Board must provide notice and the time in which the  
          interested persons must sign an agreement.


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