BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          SB 458 (Wright) - Gangs: statewide database.
          
          Amended: April 29, 2013         Policy Vote: Public Safety 7-0
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No (See Staff Comments)
          Hearing Date: May 6, 2013       Consultant: Jolie Onodera
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: SB 458 would require a local law enforcement  
          agency to notify a minor and his or her parent or guardian prior  
          to designating that minor as a gang member, associate, or  
          affiliate in a shared gang database, as specified. 

          Fiscal Impact: Potentially state-reimbursable ongoing local law  
          enforcement costs in excess of $150,000 (General Fund) per year  
          to notify minors and parents prior to designation in a shared  
          gang database.

          Background: The CalGang database, which is housed by the DOJ, is  
          accessed by law enforcement officers in 58 counties, and  
          contains personal, identifying information such as age, race,  
          photographs, tattoos, criminal associates, addresses, vehicles,  
          criminal histories, and activities. According to the Youth  
          Justice Coalition report, Tracked and Trapped: Youth of Color,  
          Gang Databases and Gang Injunctions (December 2012),  
          approximately 200,000 persons are listed on the CalGang  
          database, with approximately 12 percent of those listed aged 19  
          years or younger.

          In addition to the CalGang database, the DOJ website indicates  
          11 regional databases maintained by local law enforcement  
          agencies in Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside, Sonoma, San  
          Diego, Kern, Fresno, San Jose, Santa Barbara, and Orange County.

          Under existing law, if a minor is convicted of a gang-related  
          offense and tried as an adult or has had a petition sustained in  
          juvenile court, the parent or guardian must be notified of a  
          requirement to register with a local sheriff's office upon  
          release from custody or moving to a new city or county. However,  
          designation in the shared gang databases does not require a  
          conviction or sustained petition, and the designated minor and  








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          minor's parent or guardian are not notified of the listing. As a  
          result, concerns have been expressed regarding transparency,  
          accountability, and the accuracy of records entered into these  
          shared gang databases.

          This bill would require prior notification by local law  
          enforcement of a minor's designation in a shared gang database  
          and the basis for that designation, regardless of the conviction  
          status of the minor.

          Proposed Law: This bill would require local law enforcement  
          agencies to notify any person under 18 years of age and his or  
          her parent or guardian prior to designating that minor in a  
          shared gang database and to provide the basis for that  
          designation. Specifically, this bill defines "shared gang  
          database" as any database that allows access for any local law  
          enforcement agency and contains personal, identifying  
          information in which a person may be designated as a suspected  
          gang member, associate, or affiliate, or for which entry of a  
          person in the database reflects a designation of that person as  
          a suspected gang member, associate, or affiliate.

          Staff Comments: By requiring local law enforcement agencies to  
          notify minors and their parents/guardians prior to designation  
          in a shared gang database, this bill could result in a potential  
          state-reimbursable mandate. Local law enforcement agencies could  
          incur increased ongoing workload to identify and notify  
          designated minors and their parents/guardians, document the  
          notification process, and respond to subsequent inquiries  
          related to the notices and subsequent placement in shared gang  
          databases. The ongoing cost to local law enforcement agencies is  
          unknown, but could exceed $150,000 per year.

          To the extent the mandated notification process leads to  
          numerous inquiries and challenges, the provisions of this bill  
          could necessitate that local law enforcement agencies develop a  
          process for appeal and removal from the shared gang databases,  
          resulting in additional costs.

          Recommended Amendment: In order to address the potential  
          reimbursable state mandate on local law enforcement agencies,  
          staff recommends the following amendment:

          Section 186.34 is added to the Penal Code, to read:








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          186.34. (a) For purposes of this section, "shared gang database"  
          shall mean any database that allows access for any local law  
          enforcement agency and contains personal, identifying  
          information in which a person may be designated as a suspected  
          gang member, associate, or affiliate, or for which entry of a  
          person in the database reflects a designation of that person as  
          a suspected gang member, associate, or affiliate.

          (b)  To the extent a local law enforcement agency elects to  
          utilize a shared gang database as defined in subdivision (a),  
          p   P  rior to a local law enforcement agency designating a person as  
          a gang member, associate, or affiliate in a shared gang  
          database, or submitting a document to the Attorney General's  
          office for the purpose of designating a person in a shared gang  
          database, or otherwise identifying the person in a shared gang  
          database, the local law enforcement agency shall, if the person  
          is under 18 years of age, notify the person and his or her  
          parent or guardian of the designation and the basis for the  
          designation.