BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                            SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                  Carol Liu, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session
                                          

          BILL NO:       SB 559
          AUTHOR:        Huff
          AMENDED:       January 8, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  January 15, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lenin Del Castillo

           SUBJECT  :  School districts:  Certificated staff.
          
           SUMMARY    

          This bill makes various changes to statutes governing staffing  
          notification deadlines pertaining to layoffs for permanent and  
          probationary certificated employees.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law provides that a probationary employee becomes a  
          permanent employee after completing two consecutive school years  
          in a position requiring certification.  School districts must  
          notify probationary employees of a decision to elect or  
          non-elect for permanent status by March 15th of the employee's  
          second consecutive year of employment by the district.  During  
          the period of probation, an employee may be dismissed without  
          cause.  (Education Code § 44929.21)

          Existing law requires school districts to provide preliminary  
          notification to a permanent employee that his or her services  
          will not be required for the ensuing year no later than March  
          15th and provide final notification of termination of his or her  
          services by May 15th.  

          Existing law allows permanent employees that receive a  
          preliminary layoff notice to request a hearing to determine if  
          there is cause for not reemploying him or her for the ensuing  
          year.  The hearing shall be conducted by an administrative law  
          judge who shall prepare a proposed decision, containing findings  
          of fact and a determination as to whether the charges sustained  
          by the evidence are related to the welfare of the schools and  
          students.  Copies of the proposed decision, which is not binding  
          on the governing board, shall be submitted to the governing  
          board and to the employee on or before 




                                                                     SB 559
                                                                     Page 2



          May 7th.  (Education Code § 44949)

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  :  

          1)   Changes the deadline by which the governing board of a  
               school district must notify probationary employees with a  
               notice to non-elect for permanent status from March 15 to  
               May 15 of the employee's second consecutive year of  
               employment by the district.  

          2)   Changes the deadline by which the governing board of a  
               school district must notify certificated employees with  
               preliminary notification of a layoff from March 15 to May  
               15.  

          3)   Changes the deadline by which copies of an administrative  
               law judge's proposed decision regarding a certificated  
               employee's cause for layoff must be submitted to the  
               governing board of a school district from May 7 to June 7.   


          4)   Changes the deadline by which the governing board of school  
               district must notify certificated employees with final  
               notification of a layoff from May 15 to June 15.  

          5)   Provides that the public school employer and the exclusive  
               representative shall, upon request of the public school  
               employer, meet and negotiate regarding changes to the  
               preliminary and final notification deadlines for issuing  
               layoff notices.

          6)   Makes various legislative findings and declarations.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Report on the Teacher Layoff Process  .  The Legislative  
               Analyst Office (LAO) released A Review of the Teacher  
               Layoff Process in California in March 2012.  The report  
               indicates that one of the most significant problems with  
               the existing layoff process is the notification time line  
               and how disconnected it is from both the state budget cycle  
               and the availability of critical local information.   
               Because of this, the number of teachers that are initially  
               noticed typically far exceeds the number of teachers that  




                                                                     SB 559
                                                                     Page 3



               are actually laid off for the following school year.  In  
               the report, the LAO recommends changing the time line to  
               June 1 for preliminary notices and to August 1 for final  
               notices to better align the layoff deadlines with the state  
               budget process, resulting in fewer notifications  
               unnecessarily issued by school districts because they would  
               have better fiscal information on which to base their  
               determinations.  Additionally, this would reduce the time  
               and cost that school districts invest in the layoff  
               notification process.  
                  
           2)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author's office, the  
               bill would help relieve the impacts that the current  
               notification requirements create for teachers each year.   
               The primary source of revenue for school districts is the  
               state budget which isn't finalized until June of each year.  
                School districts have no idea what their budget will look  
               like on March 15 when they are required to issue  
               preliminary layoff notices.  As indicated above, school  
               districts will overestimate and send layoff notices to  
               teachers that will likely not be laid off which causes  
               anxiety for them as well as uneasiness for the general  
               public.  This can lead to months of unnecessary stress on  
               the teachers and their families and cause disruption in the  
               classroom.  When school districts have a better idea of  
               what the state budget will look like in June, a majority of  
               the layoff notices are often rescinded.  According to the  
               author's office, by moving the deadlines, this bill would  
               allow school districts to make more accurate decisions on  
               how many layoff notices should go out.

           3)   Notification dates  .  This bill requires teachers to receive  
               preliminary layoff notices by May 15th and final  
               notification by June 15th.  Given that the final  
               notification deadline may be after the last school day for  
               many districts, could the June 15 deadline unfairly  
               disadvantage a teacher from getting a job with another  
               district?  Would he or she have reasonable opportunity to  
               look for a new position?  Additionally, if the preliminary  
               notice deadline is moved to May 15th and the last day for  
               an administrative law judge's proposed decision regarding  
               an employee's cause for layoff to be submitted is moved to  
               June 7, would three weeks be sufficient for an employee to  
               request a hearing and for the Office of Administrative  
               Hearings to conduct these hearings?  





                                                                     SB 559
                                                                     Page 4



               This bill also extends the timeframe for which districts  
               much decide to notify probationary employees of a decision  
               to elect or non-elect for permanent status by two months.   
               During this period of probation, an employee may be  
               dismissed without cause.

           4)   Preference for substitute teaching  .  Anecdotal evidence  
               suggests the preferences and compensation requirements  
               given to laid off teachers who substitute teach offset at  
               least some of the savings a district may otherwise realize  
               from a reduction in force.  At least one district has  
               indicated that of the amount it anticipated saving as a  
               result of teacher layoffs, it only saved a small portion of  
               that amount because the district had to pay those teachers  
               their old wage when they served as substitutes for more  
               than 21 days.  To the extent that local bargaining  
               agreements do not address preferences for substitute  
               teaching, this bill could provide districts with needed  
               flexibility.  At the same time, it can be argued that  
               current law safeguards teachers from districts that may  
               layoff more highly compensated employees only to turn  
               around and rehire them as substitutes at a lower rate of  
               pay.  

           5)   Technical amendments needed  .  This bill contains  
               unintentional drafting errors that undo changes recently  
               enacted by SB 546 (Wright), Chapter 90, Statutes of 2013,  
               which renamed the documents that are required during layoff  
               proceedings for school district employees. 

           6)   Related and prior legislation  .  

               SB 955 (Huff, 2010) among other provisions, proposed to  
               repeal the March 15 deadline to issue preliminary layoff  
               notices.  This bill passed this Committee but eventually  
               died in Senate Rules.

           SUPPORT
           
          None on file.

           OPPOSITION
           
          California Teachers Association






                                                                     SB 559
                                                                     Page 5