BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                SB 658
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                              Senator Jerry Hill, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 658
           AUTHOR:     Correa
           AMENDED:    April 11, 2013
           FISCAL:     No                HEARING DATE:     May 1, 2013
           URGENCY:    Yes               CONSULTANT:       Rachel Machi
                                                               Wagoner  
           
           SUBJECT :    ORANGE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT ACT: INVESTIGATION,  
                          CLEANUP, AND LIABILITY

            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  , under the Orange County Water District Act (OCWD  
           Act), 

              1)   Establishes the Orange County Water District (OCWD),  
                consisting of specified lands in the County of Orange,  
                including the Cities of Anaheim, Fullerton, and Santa  
                Ana.

              2)   Authorizes the district to investigate the quality of  
                the surface and groundwaters within the district to  
                determine whether the waters are contaminated or polluted  
                and authorizes the district to expend funds to perform  
                any cleanup, abatement, or remedial work to prevent,  
                abate, or contain the contamination of, or pollution to,  
                the surface or groundwaters of the district.

              3)   Requires the person causing or threatening to cause  
                the contamination or pollution to be liable to the  
                district for reasonable costs actually incurred in  
                cleaning up or containing the contamination or pollution,  
                abating the effects of the contamination or pollution, or  
                taking other remedial action.

            This bill  requires the person also to be liable for the costs  
           actually incurred in investigating the contamination or  
           pollution. The bill would provide that these remedies are in  
           addition to all other legal and equitable remedies available  









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           to the water district, including declaratory relief.


            COMMENTS  :
           
            1) Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, in the first  
              contamination cases pursued under the OCWD Act, judges have  
              misinterpreted the OCWD Act as excluding investigatory work  
              from recoverable remedial expenses.  State and federal  
              hazardous waste statutes and remediation professionals  
              consistently regard investigatory work as a necessary  
              element in the remediation process.

              The author states that a recent judicial decision has also  
              interpreted the OCWD Act as excluding equitable relief to  
              assign liability for future costs and expenses.  As such,  
              OCWD could be required to wait up to thirty years, until  
              remediation has been completed, before seeking to recover  
              these costs from polluters.

              The author further contends that if OCWD has to wait thirty  
              years before it can even seek cost recovery from polluters,  
              as a practical matter it will be nearly impossible to hold  
              polluters liable for the impacts of their contamination.   
              The author believes that after thirty years evidence will  
              have gone stale, parties will have disappeared, and  
              ultimately rate payers will be stuck paying the costs  
              related to remediation.

              The author asserts that the intent of the Legislature,  
              through its 1989 amendment of the OCWD Act, is clear: OCWD  
              has the right to recover the full costs of contamination  
              clean-up from polluters.

              Absent clarifying language by the Legislature to close  
              these perceived loopholes in existing law, polluters will  
              unjustly shift the costs of clean-up of their contamination  
              to the community at-large.
              
            2) The Orange County Water District (OCWD)  was formed in 1933  
              by the California State Legislature enactment of the OCWD  
              Act to protect Orange County's rights to water in the Santa  
              Ana River. OCWD's primary responsibility is managing the  









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              vast groundwater basin under northern and central Orange  
              County that supplies water to more than 20 cities and water  
              agencies, serving more than 2.3 million Orange County  
              residents. 

              OCWD primarily recharges the basin with water from the  
              Santa Ana River and, to a lesser extent, with imported  
              water purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of  
              Southern California. OCWD currently holds rights to all  
              Santa Ana River flows reaching Prado Dam. Water enters the  
              groundwater basin via settling or percolation ponds in the  
              cities of Anaheim and Orange. Behind Prado Dam (constructed  
              and owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for flood  
              prevention), OCWD owns 2,400 acres in Riverside County,  
              which the District uses for water conservation, water  
              quality improvement, and environmental enhancement.

              OCWD monitors the groundwater taken out each year to ensure  
              that the basin is not overdrawn, refills the basin, and  
              carries out an assessment program to pay for operating  
              expenses and the cost of imported replenishment water. The  
              groundwater basin holds millions of acre-feet of water (an  
              acre-foot satisfies the needs of two families for one  
              year).  The groundwater basin provides more than half of  
              all water used within the District. Protection, safety and  
              enhancement of groundwater are OCWD's highest priorities.  
              With one of the most sophisticated groundwater protection  
              programs in the country, OCWD uses more than 700 wells  
              providing more than 1,400 sampling points-from which OCWD  
              takes more than 18,000 water samples and conducts more than  
              350,000 analyses every year. OCWD's monitoring program  
              looks for more than 330 constituents-far more than the 122  
              required by the regulatory agencies.
              
              In 1989, Section 8 of the Orange County Water District Act  
              was amended to allow OCWD to recover from parties, who  
              contaminate groundwater, the OCWD's costs in remediating  
              contamination. 
              
           3) This bill is consistent with federal and state statutes  
              concerning a responsible party's obligation for the full  
              costs associated with remediation of contamination.  Under  
              California law, both the State Resources Control Board's  









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              and the Department of Toxic Substances Control's statutes  
              allow for recovery of investigatory costs as well as  
              declaratory relief for ongoing cleanup activities.
           
            SOURCE  :        Orange County Water District 

           SUPPORT  :       Burlington Safety Laboratory of California,  
                          Inc.
                          City of Santa Ana
                          City of Buena Park
                          City of Garden Grove
                          City of Orange
                          East Orange County Water District
                          Halsted and Hoggan, Inc.
                          Mesa Water District
                          Orange County Coastkeeper
                          Pacific Surveys, LLC
                          TAB AnswerNetwork
                          Yorba Linda Water District
            
           OPPOSITION  :    None on file