BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 658
          Author:   Correa (D), et al.
          Amended:  4/11/13
          Vote:     27 - Urgency

           
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  6-2, 5/1/13
          AYES:  Hill, Corbett, Hancock, Jackson, Leno, Pavley
          NOES:  Gaines, Fuller
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon


            SUBJECT  :    Orange County Water District Act:  investigation,  
                      cleanup, and liability

           SOURCE  :     Orange County Water District


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the person responsible for  
          contaminating or polluting the surface or groundwaters of the  
          Orange County Water District (OCWD), to be liable for the costs  
          actually incurred in investigating the contamination or  
          pollution.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law, under the Orange County Water  
          District Act (OCWD Act):

          1. Establishes the OCWD, consisting of specified lands in the  
             County of Orange, including the Cities of Anaheim, Fullerton,  
             and Santa Ana.

          2. Authorizes the OCWD to investigate the quality of the surface  
             and groundwaters within the OCWD to determine whether the  
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             waters are contaminated or polluted and authorizes the OCWD  
             to expend funds to perform any cleanup, abatement, or  
             remedial work to prevent, abate, or contain the contamination  
             of, or pollution to, the surface or groundwaters of the OCWD.

          3. Requires the person causing or threatening to cause the  
             contamination or pollution to be liable to the OCWD for  
             reasonable costs actually incurred in cleaning up or  
             containing the contamination or pollution, abating the  
             effects of the contamination or pollution, or taking other  
             remedial action.

          This bill: 

          1. Requires the person responsible for contaminating or  
             polluting the surface or groundwater's of the OCWD, to be  
             liable for the costs actually incurred in investigating the  
             contamination or pollution, in addition to existing costs  
             actually incurred in cleaning up or containing the  
             contamination or pollution, abating the effects of the  
             contamination or pollution, or taking other remedial action.

          2. Provides that these remedies are in addition to all other  
             legal and equitable remedies available to OCWD, including  
             declaratory relief.

           Background
           
          OCWD was formed in 1933 by the Legislature enactment of the OCWD  
          Act to protect Orange County's (OC) rights to water in the Santa  
          Ana River.  OCWD's primary responsibility is managing the vast  
          groundwater basin under northern and central OC that supplies  
          water to more than 20 cities and water agencies, serving more  
          than 2.3 million OC residents. 

          OCWD primarily recharges the basin with water from the Santa Ana  
          River and, to a lesser extent, with imported water purchased  
          from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.   
          OCWD currently holds rights to all Santa Ana River flows  
          reaching Prado Dam.  Water enters the groundwater basin via  
          settling or percolation ponds in the Cities of Anaheim and  
          Orange.  Behind Prado Dam (constructed and owned by the United  
          States Army Corps of Engineers for flood prevention), OCWD owns  
          2,400 acres in Riverside County, which the OCWD uses for water  

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          conservation, water quality improvement, and environmental  
          enhancement.

          OCWD monitors the groundwater taken out each year to ensure that  
          the basin is not overdrawn, refills the basin, and carries out  
          an assessment program to pay for operating expenses and the cost  
          of imported replenishment water.  The groundwater basin holds  
          millions of acre-feet of water (an acre-foot satisfies the needs  
          of two families for one year).  The groundwater basin provides  
          more than half of all water used within the OCWD.  Protection,  
          safety and enhancement of groundwater are OCWD's highest  
          priorities.  With one of the most sophisticated groundwater  
          protection programs in the country, OCWD uses more than 700  
          wells providing more than 1,400 sampling points-from which OCWD  
          takes more than 18,000 water samples and conducts more than  
          350,000 analyses every year. OCWD's monitoring program looks for  
          more than 330 constituents-far more than the 122 required by the  
          regulatory agencies.

          In 1989, Section 8 of the OCWD Act was amended to allow OCWD to  
          recover from parties, who contaminate groundwater, the OCWD's  
          costs in remediating contamination.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/7/13)

          Orange County Water District (source)
          Burlington Safety Laboratory of California, Inc. 
          Cities of Buena Park, Garden Grove, Orange, and Santa Ana
          East Orange County Water District
          Halsted and Hoggan, Inc.
          Irvine Ranch Water District
          Mesa Water District
          Municipal Water District of Orange County 
          Orange County Coastkeeper
          Pacific Surveys, LLC
          TAB AnswerNetwork
          The Otter Project 
          Vision Marking Devices 
          Yorba Linda Water District

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/7/13)

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          Anaheim Chamber of Commerce
          Barlan Enterprises
          Bell Industries
          BorgWarner
          California Citizens Against Lawsuit Abuse
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association
          Colonial Engineering
          DRSS-I
          Fullerton Chamber of Commerce 
          Inland Empire Utilities Agency
          National Association for Industrial and Office Parks
          RadioShack Corporation 
          Sanmina
          Soco West, Inc.
          Steelcase Inc.
          Unisys

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, in  
          the first contamination cases pursued under the OCWD Act, judges  
          have misinterpreted the OCWD Act as excluding investigatory work  
          from recoverable remedial expenses.  State and federal hazardous  
          waste statutes and remediation professionals consistently regard  
          investigatory work as a necessary element in the remediation  
          process.

          The author's office states that a recent judicial decision has  
          also interpreted the OCWD Act as excluding equitable relief to  
          assign liability for future costs and expenses.  As such, OCWD  
          could be required to wait up to 30 years, until remediation has  
          been completed, before seeking to recover these costs from  
          polluters.

          The author's office further contends that if OCWD has to wait 30  
          years before it can even seek cost recovery from polluters, as a  
          practical matter it will be nearly impossible to hold polluters  
          liable for the impacts of their contamination.  The author's  
          office believes that after 30 years evidence will have gone  
          stale, parties will have disappeared, and ultimately rate payers  
          will be stuck paying the costs related to remediation.

          The author's office asserts that the intent of the Legislature,  
          through its 1989 amendment of the OCWD Act, is clear:  OCWD has  
          the right to recover the full costs of contamination clean-up  

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          from polluters.

          Absent clarifying language by the Legislature to close these  
          perceived loopholes in existing law, polluters will unjustly  
          shift the costs of clean-up of their contamination to the  
          community at-large.

           

          ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The opposition states:

            The District [OCWD] has unsuccessfully sued many businesses  
            and landowners that never used any pollutants of concern, that  
            used some chemicals but conducted cleanups of their own  
            properties under the supervision of an experienced regulatory  
            agency, or who could not have caused any contamination to the  
            drinking water aquifer.

            In just one case, two businesses were subjected to nine years  
            of litigation without any evidence that they caused  
            contamination at a cost of over $200 million.  Now the OCWD  
            wants to amend the OCWD Act in a manner that would rob  
            businesses of their right to insist that cleanup actions by  
            OCWD be necessary, cost-effective, and subject to public  
            scrutiny.  Those are the same standards required by the United  
            States Environmental Protection Agency, regional water quality  
            control boards, and the California Department of Toxic  
            Substance Control.

            This bill will result in more meritless lawsuits being filed  
            causing businesses millions of dollars and not providing for  
            any cleanup of drinking water aquifers.  
           

          RM:k  5/8/13   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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