BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







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        |Hearing Date: September 3, 2013    |Bill No:SB                         |
        |                                   |667                                |
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                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS 
                               AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
                              Senator Ted W. Lieu, Chair
                                           

                           Bill No:        SB 667Author:Roth
                         As Amended:August 6, 2013Fiscal:  No

        
        SUBJECT:   Retail sale of shelled eggs. 
        
        SUMMARY:  Adds a "knowing or should have known" clause to the  
        liability standard for the sale of shelled eggs that are not in  
        compliance with California animal welfare standards.

         NOTE  :   The Assembly amendments to this measure create a  new bill  as  
        passed by the Senate which has been referred to this Committee  
        pursuant to Senate Rule 29.10 (d) for consideration.  The Committee  
        may by a vote of the majority either:  (1) hold the bill, or (2)  
        return the bill to the Senate floor for consideration of the bill as  
        amended in the Assembly.

        Existing law:
        
        1)Prohibits tethering or confining any covered animal on a farm, for  
          all or the majority of any day, in a manner that prevents such  
          animal from:  
        (Health and Safety Code (HSC) � 25990 et seq.)

           a)   Lying down, standing up, and fully extending its limbs; and

           b)   Turning around freely.

        1)Prohibits, beginning January 1, 2015, a shelled egg from being sold  
          or contracted for sale for human consumption in California if it is  
          the product of an egg-laying hen that was confined on a farm or  
          place that is not in compliance with the animal care standards  
          above.  
        (HSC � 25996)





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        2)Makes violation of the animal care standards or for violation of the  
          shelled egg standards a misdemeanor (crime) with fines up to $1000  
          or up to six month in a county jail.  
        (HSC �� 25993, 25997)

        This bill:  Prohibits, beginning January 1, 2015, a shelled egg from  
        being sold or contracted for sale for human consumption in California  
         if the seller knows or should have known  that the egg is the product  
        of an egg-laying hen that was confined on a farm or place that is not  
        in compliance with animal care standards set forth in existing law. 


        FISCAL EFFECT:  This bill has not been keyed "non-fiscal" by  
        Legislative Counsel. 

        COMMENTS:
        
       1.Purpose.  This bill is sponsored by  California Grocers Association   
          (Sponsor) to provide businesses that sell shelled eggs a defense  
          from liability if those eggs are not found to be in compliance with  
          California's food safety and animal treatment laws.

       According to the Author, in 2008, voters passed Proposition 2, which  
          addressed confinement of farm animals.  The law requires that  
          certain farm animals, including egg-laying hens, have room to move  
          freely.  In addition, in 2010 the Legislature enacted AB 1437  
          (Huffman, Chapter 51, Statutes of 2010) prohibiting the sale of  
          shelled eggs in California which come from hens which are not kept  
          according to the standards established in Proposition 2.  The Author  
          indicates that this prohibition applies to eggs produced within  
          California as well as those produced out of state, but sold in  
          California. 

       The Author contends that current law places liability on a grocer who  
          sells eggs not meeting the Proposition 2 standards.  This liability  
          exists even if the producer of the eggs lies and falsely represents  
          that the eggs meet the Proposition 2 standards, when they don't,  
          according to the Author.

       The Author states:  "SB 667 adds the element of knowledge to the  
          liability standard for the sale of shelled eggs not in compliance  
          with Proposition 2.  The 'knew or should have known' standard will  
          give a level of certainty to grocers, if they can show through their  
          contracts with egg producers, that they in good faith believe the  
          products they are buying conform to animal welfare standards."





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       This bill is before this Committee to consider the retail sale  
          implications of the business practice of a seller who knowingly  
          sells shelled eggs that are not in compliance with the existing  
          animal care standards.

       2.Background.  In November 2008, California passed Proposition 2 with  
          63.5 percent of the vote.  Proposition 2 specifies that on January  
          1, 2015, calves for veal, egg-laying hens, and pregnant pigs be  
          confined only in ways that allow these animals to lie down, stand  
          up, fully extend their limbs and turn around freely.  The  
          proposition provides exceptions for transportation, rodeos, fairs,  
          4-H programs, lawful slaughter, research and veterinary purposes.   
          Failure to comply with the proposition can be punished with  
          misdemeanor penalties, including a fine not to exceed $1,000 and/or  
          imprisonment in jail for up to 180 days.

       Building upon Proposition 2, in 2010, AB 1437 (Huffman) prohibited  
          selling shelled eggs for human consumption in California produced by  
          egg-laying hens on farms not in compliance with animal care  
          standards.  That bill cited the Pew Commission on Industrial Farm  
          Production, stating that food animals that are treated well and  
          provided with at least minimum accommodation of their natural  
          behaviors and physical needs are healthier and safer for human  
          consumption.  The bill further cited the World Health Organization  
          and Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations  
          Salmonella Risk Assessment finding that reducing flock prevalence  
          results in a directly proportional reduction in human health risk,  
          and that egg-laying hens subjected to stress are more likely to have  
          higher levels of pathogens in their intestines and the conditions  
          increase the likelihood that consumers will be exposed to higher  
          levels of food-borne pathogens

       3.Shelled Eggs.  This bill would prohibit selling shelled eggs that the  
          seller knows or should have known are from hens that are kept  
          contrary to the animal welfare laws enacted by Proposition 2 in  
          2008.  It is important to point out what is meant by shelled eggs in  
          this context.  The California Food and Agriculture Code (FAC)   
          defines "shell eggs" as eggs, and defines to mean  eggs in the shell   
          from chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, or any other species of fowl.   
          (FAC � 27519, 27513) 

       4.Prior Legislation.   AB 1437  (Huffman, Chapter 51, Statutes of 2010)  
          prohibited the sale of shelled eggs in California which come from  
          hens which are not kept according to the standards established in  
          Proposition 2.





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       5.Arguments in Support.  In sponsoring this bill, the  California  
          Grocers Association  states that its members support the goal of  
          improving the conditions of animals raised for human consumption.   
          "We also support a level playing field for California's eggs  
          producers required to comply with the higher standard adopted by the  
          voters.  However, we are concerned that under current law, grocers  
          could be held to a standard which will only create needless  
          litigation.  SB 667 seeks to achieve a middle ground by adding a  
          'knowing' element to existing law."


        SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
        
         Support:  

        California Grocers Association (Sponsor)

         Opposition:  

        None received as of September 3, 2013



        Consultant: G. V. Ayers