BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  SB 732                      HEARING:  4/24/13
          AUTHOR:  Berryhill                    FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  2/22/13                     TAX LEVY:  Yes
          CONSULTANT:  Miller                   

              SALES & USE TAXES: EXCLUSION: TRADE-IN MOTOR VEHICLE
          

           Excludes the value of a "trade in" from the sales tax for  
                           the purchase of a new car.


                           Background and Existing Law  

          California law imposes a 7.5% sales and use tax, plus any  
          locally adopted sales taxes (up to 2% more) on the gross  
          receipts of tangible personal property in this state.  The  
          current sales and use tax is:


          

                   ------------------------------------------------------------- 
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | Rate  |    Jurisdiction    |       Purpose/Authority        |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |3.9375%|State (General      |State general purposes          |
                  |       |Fund)               |                                |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |1.0625%|Local Revenue Fund  |Realignment of local public     |
                  |       |2011                |safety services                 |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | 0.25% |State (Fiscal       |Repayment of the Economic       |
                  |       |Recovery Fund)      |Recovery Bonds                  |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|




          SB 732 -- 2/22/13 -- Page 2



                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | 0.25% |State (Education    |Schools and community college   |
                  |       |Protection Account) |funding                         |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | 0.50% |State (Local        |Local governments to fund       |
                  |       |Revenue Fund)       |health and welfare programs     |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | 0.50% |State (Local Public |Local governments to fund       |
                  |       |Safety Fund)        |public safety services          |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | 1.00% |Local (City/County) |City and county general         |
                  |       |                    |operations.  Dedicated to       |
                  |       |                    |county transportation purposes  |
                  |       |0.75% City and      |                                |
                  |       |County              |                                |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  |       |0.25% County        |                                |
                  |-------+--------------------+--------------------------------|
                  |       |                    |                                |
                  | 7.50% |Total Statewide     |                                |
                  |       |Rate                |                                |
                  |       |                    |                                |
                   ------------------------------------------------------------- 
          


          The total amount of the sale or lease or rental price  
          includes all of the following: 

           Any services that are a part of the sale.
           All receipts, cash, credits and property of any kind. 
           Any amount for which credit is allowed by the seller to  
            the purchaser. 

          The BOE's regulation 1654, Barter, Exchange, and  
          "Trade-Ins," explains the application of tax to sales and  
          purchases involving "trade-ins."  It provides that the  
          value of a trade-in of a used vehicle or any other item of  
          tangible personal property may not be excluded from the  
          computation of sales tax with respect to the property being  





          SB 732 -- 2/22/13 -- Page 3



          sold for which the trade-in allowance is given.  For  
          example, if a dealer sells a new vehicle for $20,000 and  
          accepts a trade-in with a value at $4,000 as partial  
          payment, sales tax is still based on the $20,000 selling  
          price.  

          When merchandise is "traded-in" on the purchase price of  
          other merchandise, the retailer accepting the trade-in must  
          include in the amount subject to tax the amount agreed upon  
          between the retailer and the purchaser as the allowance for  
          the merchandise traded in.  This is true even in cases  
          where no further money is required to be paid by the  
          purchaser in the trade.  For example, if a person brings a  
          diamond ring to a jeweler and makes an even exchange for a  
          different ring, the jeweler would be required to report  
          sales tax on the fair retail market value of the different  
          ring.


                                   Proposed Law  

          Senate Bill 732 changes the way the sales tax is imposed on  
          "trade-in" vehicles and specifically provides that the  
          terms "sales price" and "gross receipts" do not include the  
          value of a vehicle traded-in for a new vehicle, including a  
          new motorcycle, when the value of the trade-in vehicle is  
          separately stated on the new vehicle invoice or bill of  
          sale or similar document provided to the purchaser.  For  
          example, if a dealer sells a new vehicle for $20,000 and  
          accepts a trade-in with a value at $4,000 as partial  
          payment, under this bill the sales tax would be based on  
          $16,000-the original sales price minus the trade in value

          As a tax levy, the bill takes effect immediately, but  
          becomes operative on the first day of the first calendar  
          quarter commencing more than 90 days after enactment.   


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          The revenue estimate is still pending from the BOE.


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author, "car  





          SB 732 -- 2/22/13 -- Page 4



          manufacturers have been hit hard by the economic recession.  
          As a result there has been job loss across the nation in  
          the automobile industry; including parts manufacturers, car  
          sales, and financing institutions.  SB 732 would create an  
          incentive for the purchase of new vehicles; therefore  
          individuals would be less inclined to sell their cars to a  
          private party. 

          This measure would not only stimulate the economy but would  
          alleviate some burden on taxpayers.  Unfortunately, car  
          consumers in California are subject to three different  
          taxes.  The original purchaser pays a sales tax on the  
          initial purchase price of the vehicle, an annual ad valorem  
          tax in the form of a vehicle license fee, and then another  
          sales tax on the trade in vehicle.  Eliminating the sales  
          tax for trade-in-vehicles would give tax payers some  
          relief, and it would also eliminate this tax advantage that  
          out-of-state car owners have over Californians. 

          Over the years the automobile industry has produced  
          vehicles that are more fuel-efficient and have lower  
          emissions.  SB 732 encourages consumers to purchase newer  
          vehicles; which would then reduce air pollutants.  This  
          would help California achieve its air quality standards and  
          save the state money that would be spent on air quality  
          clean-up costs. "

          2.   Who's next  ?  SB 732 sets a precedent to extend a sales  
          and use tax exemption for trade-ins for other durable  
          goods.  Other durable goods often traded in include: home  
          appliances, kitchen appliances, furniture, copy machines,  
          and jewelry.  If a car's trade-in value should be excluded  
          from the definition of sales price and gross receipts, the  
          Committee may wish to consider the other goods that would  
          also benefit from such an exclusion.  

          3.  Undefined terms  .  SB 732 lacks clarity around certain  
          terms and should be clarified by the author or could be  
          broadly construed and lead to additional revenue loss.  

          The bill does not define the term "vehicle;" under some  
          definitions, "vehicle" means off highway vehicles such as  
          race cars, snow mobiles, all-terrain vehicles, amphibious  
          vehicles, go-carts and even golf carts, any vehicle which  
          is self-propelled.  This term can, therefore, include such  
          items as bulldozers, tractors, buses, and recreational  





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          vehicles.  Does the author intend to include all these  
          items in the exclusion?

          Furthermore, the author's intent is that the trade-in value  
          is only excluded when purchasing a new vehicle.  Vehicle  
          dealers routinely make temporary uses of vehicles before  
          reselling them by occasionally removing them from resale  
          inventory for temporary use such as offering a loaner while  
          a car is being serviced.  When a dealer temporarily removes  
          a vehicle from its resale inventory for use as a company or  
          service vehicle, they are required to report use tax based  
          on the vehicle's fair rental value for the period of such  
          use.  Would these vehicles be considered "new?"



                         Support and Opposition  (4/18/13)

          Support  :  California New Car Dealer's Association.

           Opposition  :  None received.