BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  SB 757
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          Date of Hearing:   August 13, 2013

              ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND CONSUMER  
                                     PROTECTION
                               Susan A. Bonilla, Chair
                   SB 757 (Berryhill) - As Amended:  April 15, 2013

           SENATE VOTE  :   36-1
           
          SUBJECT  :   Junk dealers and recyclers.

           SUMMARY :   Authorizes a junk dealer or recycler to accept as  
          valid seller identification a passport from any country or a  
          Matricula Consular issued by Mexico when buying newspaper or  
          California Redemption Value (CRV) containers, and clarifies that  
          the definition of a "secondhand dealer" does not include a "junk  
          dealer".  Specifically,  this bill :   
          
          1)Allows a junk dealer or recycler to accept as valid seller  
            identification a passport from any country in addition to  
            another item of identification bearing an address of the  
            seller, or the Matricula Consular in addition to another item  
            of identification bearing an address of the seller, as  
            specified, when purchasing newspapers or CRV containers. 

          2)Clarifies that a "secondhand dealer" does not include a "junk  
            dealer" as specified. 

          3)Declares that the clarification of the definition of a  
            "secondhand dealer" to explicitly exclude a "junk dealer" is  
            declaratory of existing law.

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Defines junk to mean "any and all secondhand and used  
            machinery and all ferrous and nonferrous scrap metals and  
            alloys including any and all secondhand and used furniture,  
            pallets, or other personal property, other than livestock."  
            (Business and Professions Code (BPC) Section 21600)

          2)Defines a "junk dealer" as anyone engaged in the business of  
            buying, selling and dealing in junk; any person purchasing,  
            gathering, collecting or soliciting or procuring junk; or, any  
            person operating, carrying on, conducting or maintaining a  
            junk yard.  (BPC 21601)








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          3)Requires every junk dealer and every recycler to keep a  
            written record of all sales and purchases made in the course  
            of his or her business. The written record shall include: 

             a)   The place and date of each sale or purchase of junk made  
               in the conduct of his or her business;

             b)   The name, valid driver's license number and state of  
               issuance, or a California or United States-issued  
               identification card number; 

             c)   The name and identification number of a Matricula  
               Consular or passport and the address from an additional  
               item of identification that also bears the seller's name;

             d)   The vehicle license number including the state of issue  
               of any motor vehicle used in transporting the junk to the  
               junk dealer's or recycler's place of business;

             e)   The name and address of each person to whom junk is sold  
               or disposed of, and the license number of any motor vehicle  
               used in transporting the junk from the junk dealer's or  
               recycler's place of business;

             f)   A description of the item or items of junk purchased or  
               sold, including the item type and quantity, and  
               identification number, if visible; and,

             g)   A statement indicating either that the seller of the  
               junk is the owner of it, or the name of the person he or  
               she obtained the junk from, as shown on a signed transfer  
               document. (BPC 21606)  

          4)Requires junk dealers and recyclers to allow for periodic  
            inspection of any premise maintained and any junk to determine  
            compliance with record keeping requirements, and requires junk  
            dealers and recyclers to produce his or her records of sales  
            and purchases for inspection by any of the following: 

             a)   An officer holding a warrant;

             b)   A person appointed by the sheriff of a county or  
               appointed by the head of the police department of a city;  
               and,








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             c)   An officer holding a court order directing them to  
               examine the records or property.  (BPC 21606.5)

          5)Requires every junk dealer and recycler to preserve a written  
            record as specified for at least two years after making the  
            final entry of any purchase or sale of junk or scrap as  
            defined. (BPC 21607)

          6)Provides that a junk dealer or recycler who fails to keep the  
            written record as required is guilty of a misdemeanor.  (BPC  
            21608)

          7)Prohibits junk dealers and recyclers from providing payments  
            for nonferrous materials unless specified conditions are met.   
            (BPC 21608.5)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   None.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal by the  
          Legislative Counsel. 
          
           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose of this bill  .  This bill would allow junk dealers and  
            recyclers providing payment for newspaper or CRV containers to  
            accept a passport from any country or a Matricula Consular  
            issued by the Mexican consulate as acceptable identification.   
            These forms of identification are already accepted under  
            existing law in the purchase of nonferrous materials.  This  
            bill also clarifies that a "junk dealer" is not a "secondhand  
            dealer", and is not subject to the provision of the secondhand  
            dealer law.  This bill is sponsored by the West Coast Chapter  
            of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries. 

           2)Author's statement  .  "[This bill] is an attempt to address  
            issues and challenges to current law that regulates the  
            restrictions on the purchases of copper, aluminum, stainless  
            steel, brass, and bronze by junk dealers and recyclers.  In  
            2012 AB 1583 (Roger Hernández), (Chapter 300, Statutes of  
            2012) and AB 1508 (Carter) (Chapter 531, Statutes of 2012)  
            added Matricula Consular language to the junk dealer portion  
            of the [Business and Professions] Code so it would conform to  
            the Secondhand Dealer reporting requirements.  That change was  
            not applied consistently throughout the code section?Thus if a  
            person brings in over $100 of beverage containers and $500 of  
            non-ferrous material and only has a Matricula Consular form of  








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            identification; the recycler would not be allowed to use the  
            Matricula Consular identification for the beverage containers  
            and would have to tell the seller he cannot purchase the  
            beverage containers because he does not have the proper ID but  
            he could purchase the non-ferrous material with the ID."  

           3)The growing metal recycling industry  .  According to the  
            Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries, Inc., (ISRI)  
            nonferrous (or not iron-based) metals are among the few  
            materials that do not degrade or lose their chemical or  
            physical properties in the recycling process.  Because of  
            this, these metals have the capacity to be recycled a nearly  
            infinite number of times.  Nonferrous materials include  
            copper, copper alloys, stainless steel, or aluminum (but not  
            beverage containers, as specified in the California Public  
            Resources Code).  

          In the United States, the value of the nonferrous scrap industry  
            jumped to nearly $40 billion in 2010, which was an increase of  
            28% from 2009.  In terms of volume, it has been reported that  
            nonferrous scrap materials make up a small percentage of the  
            total quantity of material recycled in the United States, but  
            by value it accounts for more than half of the total earnings  
            of the scrap recycling industry.  In 2010, the U.S. exported  
            $16.7 billion worth of nonferrous scrap to nearly 100  
            countries.

           4)The ongoing problem of metal theft  .  According to the author,  
            metal theft continues to be a serious problem in California.   
            The Riverside Press Enterprise reported on March 10, 2013 that  
            "metal thieves are hitting inland freeways hard-often during  
            the day-and occasionally making off with surprisingly large  
            items from construction sites?in another case, a freeway light  
            pole, which was knocked down in a crash, was stolen before  
            workers could repair it."  

          In another article from the Riverside Press Enterprise, it  
            reported that in "Corona, like other cities, private  
            residences and businesses have been hit hard by metal thieves.  
             Scrap yards will pay almost 3 dollars for non-insulated  
            copper wire and almost 2 dollars per pound for insulated  
            copper wire."  The Federal Bureau of Investigation reported in  
            2008 numerous instances of copper theft causing significant  
            damage to important safety equipment such as tornado sirens in  
            Mississippi and transformers in Florida that caused electrical  








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            outages. 
             
             The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) released a report  
            in 2009 regarding metal theft which reported that "thieves  
            seem willing to go to any length to obtain the metal, which  
            they can then sell to scrap dealers.  Thieves have stripped  
            sheets of metal from building rooftops, stolen memorial  
            decorations from cemeteries, ripped apart air conditioners for  
            the copper coils within, and stripped homes and buildings of  
            wiring and piping.  Frequently, the damage caused by such  
            thefts is several times the value of the metal stolen?Thieves  
            have removed wiring from traffic and railway signals and even  
            posed as utility workers in order to remove large sections of  
            thick utility cable from the sewers beneath city streets.   
            Several thieves have been electrocuted trying to steal live  
            electrical wiring." (Metal Theft Claims from January 2006 to  
            November 2008, February 13, 2009, NICB).

           5)The identification requirement for scrap recycling  .  AB 1583  
            (Roger Hernández) (Chapter 300, Statutes of 2012) previously  
            authorized a junk dealer and recycler to accept as  
            identification of a seller a passport from any country or a  
            Matricula Consular, along with another form or identification  
            bearing an address, or an identification card issued by the  
            United States in addition to prohibiting junk dealers and  
            recyclers from purchasing or receiving bulk merchandise  
            pallets as specified.  Under current law when a junk dealer or  
            recycler takes in certain nonferrous materials, they must keep  
            a detailed written record of the transaction including the  
            identification of the seller.  Individuals engaged in  
            recycling have currently three options when providing  
            identification: a valid California driver's license number or  
            United States identification card, a passport, or a Matricula  
            Consular.  

          However, when purchasing newspapers or CRV containers, a junk  
            dealer must obtain an additional form of identification.  This  
            bill will simply allow a junk dealer or recycler to accept a  
            passport or Matricula Consular card in addition to a primary  
            form of identification.  Obtaining the proper identification  
            in any junk dealer or recycler transaction may help to  
            alleviate improper or illegitimate activity.

           6)Identification and the Matricula Consular  .  The Matricula  
            Consular is an identification card issued to Mexican nationals  








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            by the Mexican Consulate.  The identification card certifies  
            that the card holder is a Mexican National living in the  
            United States.  The card is primarily used for identification  
            purposes and contains a photograph of the bearer, along with  
            the individual's birthplace, address outside of Mexico and a  
            government-issued identification number.  Applicants for a  
            Matricula Consular card must provide proof of identity, proof  
            of Mexican nationality, and their local mailing address.  The  
            Matricula Consular is widely accepted at banking institutions  
            and businesses throughout the country.  However, because the  
            card is issued by a foreign government through its consulate  
            offices, proof of its authenticity may be difficult to verify.

           7)Defining a junk dealer  .  According to the author, there have  
            been several occasions in which it has been suggested to a  
            junk dealer or recycler must obtain a second hand dealer  
            license and hold purchased property for thirty days before  
            selling.  In order to provide greater clarity for law  
            enforcement and other regulating entities, this bill also  
            clarifies that a junk dealer and a secondhand dealer are not  
            the same and are not subject to the same reporting, holding  
            and licensing requirements.  A secondhand dealer includes a  
            person, business or corporation whose main purpose is to buy,  
            sell, trade, take in pawn, accept for sale on consignment, or  
            accept for auction, secondhand tangible personal property.   
            Current law specifically exempts certain individuals from the  
            definition of a secondhand dealer, including coin dealers,  
            certain auctioneers and certain appliance repair persons.   
            City and county licensing agencies have been delegated the  
            responsibility to implement the State Secondhand Dealer and  
            State Pawnbroker licensing process through local programs.  

          A junk dealer, however, is recognized as any person engaging in  
            the business of buying, selling and dealing in junk; any  
            person purchasing, gathering, collecting, soliciting, or  
            procuring junk; or, any person operating, carrying on,  
            conducting, or maintaining a junk yard or place where junk is  
            gathered together and stored or kept for shipment, sale or  
            transfer.  

          While both parties deal in a form of secondhand goods, they are  
            subject to different licensing schemes, reporting and  
            documentation requirements.  This bill amends the definition  
            of a "secondhand dealer" to exclude a "junk dealer," and  
            further states that this change is declaratory of existing law  








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            to make it more clear that a junk dealer is not a secondhand  
            dealer and not subject to the same report and hold  
            requirements of secondhand dealers.

           8)Arguments in support  .  The Association of California Recycling  
            Industries writes in support, "[This bill] will allow a  
            recycler buying newspaper or CRV containers to accept a  
            passport from any country or a Matricula Consular issued by  
            Mexico as valid seller identification.  This bill alleviates  
            inconsistency in prior legislation that allowed for Matricula  
            Consular language to identification requirements for  
            'secondhand dealers' but not to that of junk dealers and  
            recyclers."
           
          9)Arguments in opposition  .  The Los Angeles County District  
            Attorney's Office writes in opposition, "The target of this  
            bill is to regulate individuals who steal metal, particularly  
            copper, by forcing them to identify themselves for the purpose  
            of later identification.  However we have no way to verify  
            that this form of identification is legitimate."
           
          10)Related legislation  .  SB 485 (Ron Calderon) of 2013 would  
            require a junk dealer or recycler to submit additional  
            information regarding its junk dealer business to the  
            Department of Food and Agriculture (DFA) when applying for a  
            weighmaster's license or a renewal license. It would also  
            require the DFA to complete an investigation of the  
            information on the application or renewal within 90 days and  
            requires the DFA to revoke a weighmaster's license if the  
            information submitted in the application or renewal is  
            materially inaccurate. This bill is pending in the Assembly  
            Business, Professions and Consumer Protection Committee.  

          AB 909 (Gray) of 2013 would require the Board of State and  
            Community Corrections to establish the Metal Theft Task Force  
            Program to provide, evaluate and monitor grants disbursed to  
            enhance the capacity of local law enforcement and prosecutors  
            to deter, investigate, and prosecute metal theft and related  
            metal theft crimes.  This bill is pending in the Senate  
            Appropriations Committee.

          AB 841 (Torres) of 2013 would require junk dealers and recyclers  
            to provide payment to sellers of nonferrous material by mailed  
            check only, as specified.  This bill is pending on the Senate  
            Floor. 








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           11)Previous legislation  .  AB 316 (Carter) (Chapter 317, Statutes  
            of 2011) provided that every person who steals, takes, or  
            carries away copper materials which are of a value exceeding  
            $950 is guilty of grand theft, punishable by a fine not  
            exceeding $2,500, imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding  
            one year, or by both that fine and imprisonment, or by  
            imprisonment in a county jail or the state prison not  
            exceeding 16 months, or 2 to 3 years and a fine not to exceed  
            $10,000, as specified.

          AB 1778 (Ma) (Chapter 733, Statutes of 2009) required recyclers  
            to obtain identifying information of individuals who bring in  
            more than $50 worth of CRV recyclables and newspapers.  AB  
            1778 also required that payments of $50 or more be made by  
            check.

            SB 447 (Maldonado) (Chapter 732, Statutes of 2008) required  
            scrap metal dealers and recyclers to report what materials are  
            being scraped at their facilities and by whom on a daily  
            basis.

            AB 844 (Berryhill) (Chapter 731, Statutes of 2008) required  
            recyclers to hold payment for three days, check a photo ID and  
            take a thumbprint of anyone selling scrap metals.  It also  
            required any person convicted of metal theft to pay  
            restitution for the materials stolen and for any collateral  
            damage caused during the theft.

            SB 691 (Calderon) (Chapter 730, Statutes of 2008) required  
            junk dealers and recyclers to take thumbprints of individuals  
            selling copper, copper alloys, aluminum and stainless steel.   
            It also required sellers to show ID and proof of their current  
            address.  Recyclers who violated the law faced suspension or  
            revocation of their business license and increased fines and  
            jail time. 


           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          West Coast Chapter of the Institute of Scrap Recycling (sponsor)
          Association of California Recycling Industries
           








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            Opposition 
           
          Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Elissa Silva / B.,P. & C.P. / (916)  
          319-3301