BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              S
                             2013-2014 Regular Session               B

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          SB 759 (Nielsen)                                            
          As Amended April 25, 2013 
          Hearing date:  April 30, 2013
          Penal Code
          SM:mc

                                STATE MILITARY MUSEUMS  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  California State Military Museum Foundation

          Prior Legislation: AB 1939 (Cox) - Chapter 133, Statutes of 2004
                       AB 2431 (Steinberg) - Chapter 602, Statutes of 2004

          Support: Unknown 

          Opposition:None known



                                        KEY ISSUES
           
          SHOULD SPECIFIED SECTIONS OF THE PENAL CODE WHICH AUTHORIZE DONATION  
          OF FIREARMS OR OTHER WEAPONRY TO THE CALIFORNIA NATIONAL GUARD  
          MILITARY MUSEUM BE AMENDED TO INSTEAD REFER TO THE CALIFORNIA STATE  
          MILITARY MUSEUM AND RESOURCE CENTER LOCATED IN SACRAMENTO, AND AT  
          BRANCH MUSEUMS LOCATED AT THE CALIFORNIA NATIONAL GUARD FACILITIES  
          AT CAMP ROBERTS, CAMP SAN LUIS OBISPO, AND LOS ALAMITOS ARMED FORCES  
          RESERVE CENTER?

          SHOULD ANY STATE AGENCY, COUNTY, MUNICIPALITY, OR SPECIAL PURPOSE  
          DISTRICT BE AUTHORIZED TO OFFER ANY EXCESS MILITARY WEAPONS OR  




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          EQUIPMENT, SUCH AS HISTORICAL WAR EQUIPMENT LIKE ARTILLERY, TANKS,  
          OR ARMORED VEHICLES, TO THE CALIFORNIA STATE MILITARY MUSEUM AND  
          RESOURCE CENTER OR SPECIFIED BRANCH MUSEUMS? 


                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this bill is to (1) amend specified sections of  
          the Penal Code which authorize donation of firearms or other  
          weaponry to the California National Guard military museum to  
          instead refer to the California State Military Museum and  
          Resource Center located in Sacramento, and at branch museums  
          located at the California National Guard facilities at Camp  
          Roberts, Camp San Luis Obispo, and Los Alamitos Armed Forces  
          Reserve Center; and (2) provide that any state agency, county,  
          municipality, or special purpose district may offer any excess  
          military weapons or equipment, such as historical war equipment  
          like artillery, tanks, or armored vehicles, to the California  
          State Military Museum and Resource Center or specified branch  
          museums. 

           Current law  provides the California State Military Museum and  
          Resource Center is the official state military museum.   
          (Government Code � 429.6.)
           
          Current law  requires destruction of firearms in the custody of  
          law enforcement agencies under specified circumstances.  (Penal  
          Code � 34000 et seq., Penal Code � 16580.)
           
          Current law  contains certain exceptions to the requirement that  
          such weapons be destroyed:

                 An officer having custody of any firearm that may be  
               useful to the California National Guard, the Coast Guard  
               Auxiliary, or to any military or naval agency of the  
               federal or state government, including, but not limited to,  
               the California National Guard military museum and resource  
               center, may, upon the authority of the legislative body of  
               the city, city and county, or county by which the officer  




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               is employed and the approval of the Adjutant General,  
               deliver the firearm to the commanding officer of a unit of  
               the California National Guard, the Coast Guard Auxiliary,  
               or any other military agency of the state or federal  
               government, in lieu of destruction as required by any of  
               the provisions listed in Section 16580.
                 The officer delivering a firearm pursuant to this  
               subdivision shall take a receipt for it, which contains a  
               complete description of the firearm, and shall keep the  
               receipt on file in his or her office as a public record.   
               (Penal Code � 34005(a).)
                 Any firearm, or part of any firearm, which, rather than  
               being destroyed, is used for official purposes pursuant to  
               this section, shall be destroyed by the agency using the  
               weapon when it is no longer needed by the agency for use in  
               carrying out its official duties.
                 Firearms or weaponry donated to the California National  
               Guard military museum and resource center may be disposed  
               of pursuant to Section 179 of the Military and Veterans  
               Code.  (Penal Code � 34005)(c).) 

           This bill  would amend specified sections of the Penal Code which  
          authorize donation of firearms or other weaponry to the  
          California National Guard military museum to instead refer to  
          the California State Military Museum and Resource Center located  
          in Sacramento, and at branch museums located at the California  
          National Guard facilities at Camp Roberts, Camp San Luis Obispo,  
          and Los Alamitos Armed Forces Reserve Center. 

           This bill  would provide that any state agency, county,  
          municipality, or special purpose district may offer any excess  
          military weapons or equipment, such as historical war equipment  
          like artillery, tanks, or armored vehicles, to the California  
          State Military Museum and Resource Center or any branch museum,  
          as specified.


                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION





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          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's  
          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation  
          relating to conditions of confinement.  On May 23, 2011, the  
          United States Supreme Court ordered California to reduce its  
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity within two  
          years from the date of its ruling, subject to the right of the  
          state to seek modifications in appropriate circumstances.   

          Beginning in early 2007, Senate leadership initiated a policy to  
          hold legislative proposals which could further aggravate the  
          prison overcrowding crisis through new or expanded felony  
          prosecutions.  Under the resulting policy known as "ROCA" (which  
          stands for "Receivership/ Overcrowding Crisis Aggravation"), the  
          Committee held measures which created a new felony, expanded the  
          scope or penalty of an existing felony, or otherwise increased  
          the application of a felony in a manner which could exacerbate  
          the prison overcrowding crisis.  Under these principles, ROCA  
          was applied as a content-neutral, provisional measure necessary  
          to ensure that the Legislature did not erode progress towards  
          reducing prison overcrowding by passing legislation which would  
          increase the prison population.  ROCA necessitated many hard and  
          difficult decisions for the Committee.

          In January of 2013, just over a year after the enactment of the  
          historic Public Safety Realignment Act of 2011, the State of  
          California filed court documents seeking to vacate or modify the  
          federal court order issued by the Three-Judge Court three years  
          earlier to reduce the state's prison population to 137.5 percent  
          of design capacity.  The State submitted in part that the, ". .  
          .  population in the State's 33 prisons has been reduced by over  
          24,000 inmates since October 2011 when public safety realignment  
          went into effect, by more than 36,000 inmates compared to the  
          2008 population . . . , and by nearly 42,000 inmates since 2006  
          . . . ."  Plaintiffs, who opposed the state's motion, argue in  
          part that, "California prisons, which currently average 150% of  
          capacity, and reach as high as 185% of capacity at one prison,  
          continue to deliver health care that is constitutionally  
          deficient."  In an order dated January 29, 2013, the federal  
          court granted the state a six-month extension to achieve the  




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          137.5 % prisoner population cap by December 31st of this year.  

          In an order dated April 11, 2013, the Three-Judge Court denied  
          the state's motions, and ordered the state of California to  
          "immediately take all steps necessary to comply with this  
          Court's . . . Order . . . requiring defendants to reduce overall  
          prison population to 137.5% design capacity by December 31,  
          2013."         

          The ongoing litigation indicates that prison capacity and  
          related issues concerning conditions of confinement remain  
          unresolved.  However, in light of the real gains in reducing the  
          prison population that have been made, although even greater  
          reductions are required by the court, the Committee will review  
          each ROCA bill with more flexible consideration.  The following  
          questions will inform this consideration:



























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                 whether a measure erodes realignment;
                 whether a measure addresses a crime which is directly  
               dangerous to the physical safety of others for which there  
               is no other reasonably appropriate sanction; 
                 whether a bill corrects a constitutional infirmity or  
               legislative drafting error; 
                 whether a measure proposes penalties which are  
               proportionate, and cannot be achieved through any other  
               reasonably appropriate remedy; and
                 whether a bill addresses a major area of public safety  
               or criminal activity for which there is no other  
               reasonable, appropriate remedy.


                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

               Current law does not reflect the proper name of the  
               California State Military Museum.  It refers to a  
               previous name.  This makes it difficult for law  
               enforcement agencies that may have historical or  
               militarily significant weapons which can be turned  
               over to the California National Guard for display in  
               the museum, to know who to contact.  

          2.  Background - The California State Military Museum and Resource  
          Center  

          According to its website:

               The California State Military Museum is located at  
               1119 Second Street in the Old Sacramento State  
               Historical Park.  It is only a few minutes walk from  
               the State Capital, the California State Railroad  
               Museum and several other fine museums, parks, and  
               tourist attractions.  The museum, opened by Governor  




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               Pete Wilson in 1991, is the official military museum  
               and historical research center of the State of  
               California.  This was reinforced on 11 September 2002  
               when Governor Gray Davis signed legislation making the  
               museum a permanent museum under the California State  
               Military Department and providing permanent funding  
               for the museum.  Finally on 13 July 2004, Governor  
               Arnold Schwarzenegger signed legislation to amend the  
               Government Code to make the museum the state's  
               official military museum:
                 
                    I am signing AB 1939 which establishes the  
                    California State Military Museum and Resource  
                    Center located in Sacramento, California as the  
                    official military museum because I believe that  
                    it is very important to preserve California's  
                    storied military heritage.  
                         -                Governor Arnold  
                           Schwarzenegger in his message to the State  
                           Assembly, 13 July 2004.
                 
               Today the museum houses over 33,000 artifacts as well  
               a substantial library and archives.  In addition to  
               the main facility in Sacramento, the museum also has  
               three satellite museums at Camp Roberts in Monterey  
               County, Camp San Luis Obispo in San Luis Obispo  
               County, and the Los Alamitos Joint Forces Training  
               Base (under development) in Orange County.  We also  
               oversee non-public Regimental Rooms at the San Diego  
               Armory and other National Guard facilities across the  
               state.  (http://www.militarymuseum.org/)

          3.  Donations of Firearms to the California State Military Museum  
          and Resource Center  

          Current law requires destruction of firearms that have been  
          seized or abandoned and are in the custody of law enforcement  
          agencies, with specified exceptions.  (Penal Code � 34000 et  
          seq.)  One exception allowed in current law is that such weapons  











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          may be donated to the California National Guard military museum.  
           (Penal Code � 34005.)  This bill would amend the sections of  
          the Penal Code which authorize donation of firearms or other  
          weaponry to the California National Guard military museum to  
          instead refer to the California State Military Museum and  
          Resource Center.

          This bill would also allow any state agency, county,  
          municipality, or special purpose district to offer any excess  
          military weapons or equipment, such as historical war equipment  
          such as artillery, tanks, or armored vehicles, to the California  
          State Military Museum and Resource Center or any branch museum,  
          as specified.


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