BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 760
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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 760 (Wright)
          As Amended  August 19, 2013
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :39-0  
           
           NATURAL RESOURCES   9-0         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Chesbro, Grove, Bigelow,  |Ayes:|Gatto, Harkey, Bigelow,   |
          |     |Garcia, Muratsuchi,       |     |Bocanegra, Bradford, Ian  |
          |     |Patterson, Skinner,       |     |Calderon, Campos,         |
          |     |Stone, Williams           |     |Donnelly, Eggman, Gomez,  |
          |     |                          |     |Hall, Holden, Linder,     |
          |     |                          |     |Pan, Quirk, Wagner, Weber |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Specifies that air districts are prohibited from  
          requiring the physical destruction of electrical generating  
          facility equipment that is or will be retired unless required by  
          the new source review program of the federal Clean Air Act (CAA)  
          or the owner or operator retires the equipment to provide  
          emission reduction credits (ERCs), emission offsets, or an  
          offset exemption from an air district.  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Under the CAA:

             a)   Requires the United States Environmental Protection  
               Agency (EPA) to set national ambient air quality standards  
               (NAAQS); authorizes states to adopt more stringent  
               standards; and requires states to develop a general plan,  
               known as a state implementation plan (SIP), to attain and  
               maintain the standards for each area designated  
               nonattainment for NAAQS.  The SIP is subject to EPA  
               approval.

             b)   Requires the SIP to include a New Source Review (NSR)  
               permitting program for nonattainment areas for the  
               construction and operation of new and modified major  
               sources of air emissions.  NSR regulations require that  








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               emission increases from the permitting of major sources be  
               offset by corresponding emission reductions. 

          2)Under state law: 

             a)   Specifies that the Air Resources Board (ARB) has primary  
               responsibility for control of mobile source air pollution,  
               including adoption of rules for reducing vehicle emissions  
               and the specification of vehicular fuel composition.   
               Requires that ARB coordinate efforts to attain and maintain  
               ambient air quality standards.

             b)   Specifies that air pollution control districts (APCDs)  
               and air quality management districts (AQMDs) have primary  
               responsibility for controlling air pollution from all  
               non-mobile sources and establishes certain powers, duties,  
               and requirements for those districts.  

             c)   Requires every APCD and AQMD in a federal nonattainment  
               area for any NAAQS to establish a system by which air  
               contaminant emission reductions that are to be used to  
               offset future emission increases can be banked prior to use  
               to offset future emission increases.  The system must  
               provide that only those emission reductions not otherwise  
               required by any federal, state, or district requirement are  
               approved by the district.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, this bill has no direct state costs.  

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, even though the EPA does not  
          require an owner of a retired facility to demolish or otherwise  
          deliberately damage equipment in order to demonstrate compliance  
          with the CAA, some air districts in California have interpreted  
          EPA policy regarding "cost and time required to reactivate the  
          facility" as requiring owners of power generating facilities to  
          deliberately and systematically damage and destroy equipment to  
          make the facility permanently inoperable.  The author states  
          that this policy "endangers electric grid reliability and  
          needlessly places the public at risk."  By forcing power  
          generators to deliberately damage and destroy equipment at the  
          time of retirement and shutdown, these plants cannot be used in  
          the event of an unplanned electricity shortage.









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           Background  .  On January 31, 2012, the San Onofre Nuclear  
          Generation Station (SONGS) unexpectedly shut down after a  
          radioactive steam leak was discovered.  According to the  
          California Independent System Operator (CAISO), the loss of  
          power generation from SONGS means that an additional 4,300 and  
          4,600 megawatts are needed in the region.  Prior to the  
          unplanned shut down of SONGS, two electric generating units on  
          the AES Huntington Beach plant were sold to Edison Mission  
          Energy, which permanently retired the units in order to gain  
          access to South Coast Air Quality Management District's (SCAQMD)  
          internal offsets for Edison Mission Energy's new Walnut Creek  
          powerplant in the City of Industry.  SCAQMD required the owner  
          to render the equipment inoperable by destroying and damaging  
          major pieces of equipment several months before the new plant  
          was scheduled to be operational.  The previously retired  
          Huntington Beach units were repaired last year and were brought  
          back as generators to fill the void left by the SONGS for the  
          summer peak in energy consumption in 2012.  According to CAISO,  
          the two units have been converted to synchronous condensers,  
          which do not produce emissions, and will be operational in time  
          to provide dynamic voltage support this summer.   
           
           Air district rules  .  In compliance with the CAA NSR  
          requirements, air districts in nonattainment areas implement  
          regulations for new, modified, or relocated facilities to ensure  
          that the operations of such facilities do not interfere with  
          progress in attainment of the national and state ambient air  
          quality standards.  The specific air quality goal of this  
          regulation is to ensure the use of Best Available Control  
          Technology and to offset emission increases from new or modified  
          permitted sources of nonattainment air contaminants or their  
          precursors.  Air districts in nonattainment regions are required  
          to have programs that allow actions or projects that result in a  
          quantifiable reduction in emissions from a permitted facility to  
          be banked and used to offset future emissions increases.  These  
          ERCs may be used internally to offset future emission increases  
          for the entity that generated them, or sold on the open market  
          to other entities that are required to obtain offsets for  
          planned projects.  

          For SCAQMD, Rule 1309 requires that emission reductions for  
          generation of ERCs be real, quantifiable, permanent, and  
          federally enforceable.  Federal law under the CAA NSR  
          regulations also specifies those emission reductions generating  








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          ERCs be permanent.  Other district rules allowing facilities to  
          replace equipment with functionally identical equipment and  
          allowing facilities to replace an existing electric utility  
          steam boiler with more advanced, efficient technologies without  
          requiring additional offsets require that the existing equipment  
          is shut down and permanently disabled.  Those rules are part of  
          the district's EPA-approved SIP, required under the federal CAA,  
          and are federally enforceable.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Elizabeth MacMillan / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092


                                                                FN: 0001852