BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: sb 811
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  lara
                                                         VERSION: 4/3/13
          Analysis by:  Eric Thronson                    FISCAL:  NO
          Hearing date:  April 30, 2013



          SUBJECT:

          I-710 Long Beach Freeway:  environmental mitigation

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill requires the California Department of Transportation  
          (Caltrans) to develop and fund specific elements of the I-710  
          Long Beach Freeway corridor project in order to mitigate  
          environmental and other impacts the project may have on  
          neighboring communities.  

          ANALYSIS:

          Existing law restricts the Legislature from enacting statutes  
          for the construction or funding of specific individual  
          transportation projects.  Instead, current law creates the  
          California Transportation Commission (CTC) that, among other  
          things, facilitates a process that results in the orderly  
          funding and construction of transportation projects across the  
          state. 

          Through this statutory process, the CTC biennially adopts a  
          five-year state transportation capital outlay program called the  
          State Transportation Improvement Program (STIP).  The STIP  
          process begins with the development of a multi-year estimate of  
          all available state and federal transportation funds.  Then the  
          CTC, based on the recommendations of the regional transportation  
          agencies and the California Department of Transportation, adopts  
          a program of projects that forms the basis for scheduling the  
          expenditure of all available funds during those years.  The STIP  
          process endeavors to make investments in the state system that  
          reflect local and state priorities while ensuring future funding  
          will be available to complete these projects.   

          The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires lead  
          agencies, such as Caltrans, to prepare an environmental impact  
          report (EIR) for each project it undertakes, unless the project  




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          is exempt from CEQA requirements.  The lead agency must develop  
          the EIR before it can move forward with a project, which is done  
          through an iterative public engagement process.  Generally, an  
          EIR describes the proposed project, evaluates a range of  
          reasonable alternatives to the project, identifies and analyzes  
          all expected significant environmental impacts, and determines  
          feasible mitigation measures to reduce those impacts.  At the  
          end of the process, the lead agency formally approves the  
          environmental review.  The public has an opportunity to  
          challenge an EIR in court if it feels the process was inadequate  
          or the lead agency did not consider appropriate alternatives.   
          In this way, CEQA is intended to ensure better environmental  
          outcomes than otherwise would occur through project development.
          
          The Long Beach Freeway (I-710) is a vital transportation artery,  
          linking the ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles to Southern  
          California and beyond.  An essential component of the regional,  
          statewide, and national transportation system, it serves both  
          passenger and goods movement traffic.  As a result of Southern  
          California population growth, increased trade through the ports,  
          and aging infrastructure, the I-710 experiences serious  
          congestion and safety issues.  Caltrans, Los Angeles County  
          Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LACMTA), and other  
          regional partners are preparing an EIR to analyze the range of  
          possible improvement alternatives to the 
          I-710 corridor.  The project study area extends from the ports  
          to the Pomona Freeway, a distance of 18 miles, and encompasses  
          15 cities and unincorporated areas adjacent to the freeway.  

          According to Caltrans, the I-710 project will likely cost  
          between $3 billion and $5 billion and consider it a prime  
          candidate for a public-private partnership that may include  
          tolling.  While still in the beginning stages of the  
          environmental review process, Caltrans expects a draft EIR in 12  
          to 18 months with the approval of a final environmental document  
          at least four or five years away.

           This bill  requires Caltrans to develop and fund specific  
          elements of the I-710 corridor project in order to mitigate  
          environmental and other impacts the project may have on  
          neighboring communities.  Specifically, this bill requires  
          Caltrans to:

           Develop and implement a comprehensive public transportation  
            plan for the corridor.  The plan, at a minimum, shall add bus  
            shuttles to transit centers, expand service on the Metro Blue  




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            and Green Lines as well as rapid bus services, and enhance  
            community bus service in communities along the corridor.
           Include a comprehensive pedestrian and bicycle improvement  
            element for the corridor.  This element shall include:

             o    Bridges solely for pedestrians and bicycles crossing the  
               freeway at one-quarter to one-half-mile intervals.
             o    Repair and improvement of existing trails, bicycle  
               paths, and sidewalks within the project area, including  
               enhanced lighting, widening, and separation from vehicle  
               traffic on all arterials intersecting the project and all  
               trails, bicycle paths, and sidewalks that connect with or  
               are along the Los Angeles River and adjacent tributaries.
             o    Neighborhood road improvements that create "bicycle  
               boulevards" with traffic circles, new bicycle routes  
               throughout the neighboring communities, and new bicycle  
               parking facilities.

           Develop a collaborative entity with federal, state, and local  
            agencies and stakeholder organizations to fund and implement  
            the improvement of the Los Angeles River to restore it to its  
            natural river functions, including projects:

                  o         Increasing, enhancing, and maintaining  
                    recreational trails.
                  o         Restoring and maintaining associated wetlands.
                  o         Allowing for continuous fish migration along  
                    the river.
                  o         Increasing and maintaining native landscaping.

           Include the following mitigation and community measures as  
            part of the project:  

             o    Healthy school projects, such as streetscape  
               improvements, planting trees, installing air filtration  
               systems in school facilities, and constructing sound walls.
                   o          Tree and streetscape projects in public and  
                     shared spaces in neighboring communities.
             o    Traffic and parking mitigation measures, such as traffic  
               signal upgrades and traffic calming infrastructure.

           Allocate $3 million per year for the life of construction of  
            the project to job training programs, subject to appropriation  
            by the Legislature.

           Allocate funding from the I-710 project budget for the  




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            pedestrian and bicycle improvement projects, the Los Angeles  
            River projects, and all other identified mitigation measures  
            in this bill.

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  According to the author, this bill ensures the  
            communities along the I-710 receive important local benefits  
            necessary to mitigate freight impacts, advance sustainability,  
            and protect public health, including measures to enhance the  
            livability of neighborhoods along the corridor that have  
            suffered from decades of freeway-related pollution and  
            divestment.  The proposed expansion of I-710 will have  
            additional adverse public health, air quality, and  
            quality-of-life impacts on residents throughout the corridor  
            and threatens to further degrade the Los Angeles River.  The  
            author also contends that current project alternative  
            proposals do not include enough mitigation measures to protect  
            vulnerable communities adjacent to the freeway.  The author  
            wants to not only mitigate environmental impacts of the  
            proposed expansion project, but also address the freeway's  
            current impacts on communities in the project study area.   
            This bill makes certain the I-710 project is completed with  
            the interest and safety of neighboring communities in mind and  
            requires Caltrans to improve, create, and implement community  
            benefit projects.

           2.Committee policy on project bills  .  On April 2, 2013, the  
            committee approved its committee policies for the 2013-14  
            legislative session, which include a policy that the committee  
            not consider any measure containing provisions directing the  
            construction or funding of a specific transportation project  
            subject to the STIP process.  The committee approved this  
            policy because, if the Legislature were to approve, advance,  
            or fund a specific project outside the STIP process, the  
            statewide transportation spending program would become  
            unbalanced and adjustments would be required.  Hundreds of  
            projects are included in the multi-year STIP; legislative  
            action undermining this process could jeopardize the schedule  
            and funding of every project in the state.  

            This bill violates the committee policy on project bills.  The  
            author, however, has agreed to substantially amend the bill  
            (as described below) in order for it to be heard, as long as  
            it continues to address the concerns raised by the bill's  
            proponents.  




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           3.Specifying mitigation measures is premature  .  As discussed  
            above, the CEQA process is a formulaic process that includes  
            public input and the analysis of multiple alternatives.   
            Should a lead agency not accurately follow this process, it is  
            open to litigation and delays, potentially having to redo some  
            or all of the CEQA process.  This litigation and delay can end  
            up costing the lead agency significant sums, and when it comes  
            to billion-dollar projects like the I-710, the increased costs  
            can make pursuing the project impossible.
             
             One way lead agencies can run into this type of trouble is to  
            assume the outcome of the alternative analysis ahead of time.   
            For example, through the environmental review of the 
            I-710 project, Caltrans is considering a number of alternative  
            solutions to the congestion problems in the corridor.  Those  
            varying alternatives have different levels of environmental  
            impacts in different portions of the 18-mile route.  If this  
            bill is enacted and Caltrans is required to take the described  
            environmental mitigation measures, it will open the state to  
            legal challenges of the approved environmental document  
            because it presupposes the impacts the selected project  
            alternative may or may not have.

           4.Amending this bill  .  As stated above, the author has agreed to  
            amend this bill as long as it achieves its aim of requiring  
            Caltrans to legitimately weigh and act on affected  
            communities' input during the environmental review process and  
            include in the approved project proposal mitigation strategies  
            and community benefits described in this bill.  In order to  
            avoid preempting the conclusion of the environmental review  
            process, and to deal with concerns surrounding the committee  
            policy on project-specific bills, the author has agreed to  
            remove the requirement that Caltrans develop and fund specific  
            aspects of the I-710 corridor project.  Instead, the author  
            has agreed to amend the bill to require the following:
          
                 In consultation with all interested public  
               organizations, Caltrans will consider within the  
               environmental review process alternatives to address the  
               air quality, public health, and mobility impacts the  
               project will have on neighboring communities.  
                 The final environmental document will include a  
               substantial investment in the identified mitigation  
               measures for the affected communities, including the Los  
               Angeles River, not to be less than 10 percent of the total  




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               project cost.
                 At least 90 days before approving the final  
               environmental document for the I-710 project, Caltrans will  
               submit a report to the Legislature describing the  
               identified mitigation measures and providing evidence of  
               meeting the requirements in this bill.
                             Other technical amendments as necessary.
            
            Recognizing that this is the bill's first committee hearing,  
            the author has agreed to continue to work with committee staff  
            to improve the bill as it moves through the legislative  
            process.  If the bill changes significantly, the committee  
            will request that Senate Rules re-refer it to be re-presented  
            to the committee.

           1.Arguments in support  .  Many letters of support for this bill  
            were sent to the committee from local community organizations  
            effected by the I-710 freeway.  Proponents point out that  
            low-income communities and communities of color - including  
            those that live along the I-710 corridor - are  
            disproportionately harmed by air, water, and noise pollution  
            from freeways.  Studies show that toxic pollutants from  
            diesel, tires, and exhaust directly relate to higher  
            incidences of cancer, pulmonary and cardiovascular disease,  
            cognitive impairments, birth defects, diabetes, and other  
            harms.  Proponents suggest Caltrans' proposal to widen I-710  
            to up to 14 lanes would exacerbate health and quality-of-life  
            impacts already borne by communities in the corridor.  These  
            community groups just want to make certain Caltrans completes  
            the project with the interest and safety of neighboring  
            communities in mind.
          

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,                                             April 24,  
          2013.)

               SUPPORT:  Asian Pacific Policy & Planning Council
                         Building Healthy Communities, Long Beach Steering  
          Committee
                         City of Commerce
                         City of Long Beach, Council District 9
                         Coalition for Clean Air
                         Communities for a Better Environment
                         Community Health Councils
                         East Yard Communities for Environmental Justice




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                         EndOil
                         Greater Pasadena Jews for Justice
                         InnerCity Struggle
                         Long Beach Alliance for Children with Asthma
                         Planning and Conservation League
                         Ruckus Society
                         Trust for Public Land
                         One individual

               OPPOSED:  None received.