BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 962
          Author:   Leno (D), et al.
          Amended:  4/9/14
          Vote:     21


           SENATE ENERGY, UTIL. & COMMUNIC. COMM.  :  6-2, 4/1/14
          AYES:  Padilla, Corbett, DeSaulnier, Hill, Pavley, Wolk
          NOES:  Fuller, Knight
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Block, Cannella, De León

           SENATE FLOOR  :  19-17, 4/24/14  (FAIL)
          AYES:  Block, Corbett, De León, DeSaulnier, Evans, Gaines,  
            Hancock, Hill, Jackson, Leno, Lieu, Liu, Mitchell, Monning,  
            Padilla, Pavley, Roth, Steinberg, Wolk
          NOES:  Anderson, Beall, Berryhill, Cannella, Correa, Fuller,  
            Galgiani, Hernandez, Huff, Knight, Lara, Morrell, Nielsen,  
            Torres, Vidak, Walters, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon, Hueso, Wright, Yee


           SUBJECT  :    Advanced mobile communications devices

           SOURCE  :     San Francisco District Attorney, George Gascón


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires that any advanced mobile  
          communications device, as defined, that is sold in California on  
          or after January 1, 2015, include a technological solution that  
          can render inoperable the essential features of the device, as  
          defined, when the device is not in the possession of the  
          rightful owner.

                                                                CONTINUED





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           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Provides that theft - the stealing, taking, or driving away  
            with the personal property of another - is a misdemeanor when  
            the value of the property does not exceed $950 and is  
            punishable by fines and up to one year in the county jail.

          2.Requires all providers of wireless and Internet-based  
            communications services to enable customers to call 911 for  
            emergency services, and establishes dates for enabling text to  
            911 and Next Generation 911.  (Government Code Sections 53100  
            - 53120).

          This bill:

          1.Makes any person or retail entity subject to a civil penalty  
            of up to $2,500 for each mobile communications device sold  
            after January 1, 2015, unless that device includes a  
            technological solution commonly called a "kill switch" and the  
            kill switch is enabled when sold.

          2.Requires a kill switch that can render the essential features  
            of the device inoperable when the device is not in the  
            possession of the rightful owner, with essential features  
            defined as using the device for voice communications and  
            Internet connection including access to any mobile software  
            applications (apps).

          3.Requires that the kill switch prevent reactivation of the  
            device on a wireless network except by the rightful owner and  
            that the kill switch be reversible so that if a rightful owner  
            obtains possession of the device after essential features are  
            rendered inoperable that owner can restore those essential  
            features.

          4.Requires that the kill switch be able to withstand a "hard  
            reset" so that restoration of the device to the state it was  
            in when it left the factory will not eliminate the enabled  
            kill switch.

          5.Provides that a rightful owner may affirmatively elect to  
            disable a kill switch after sale, and that the physical acts  







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            necessary to disable the kill switch may only be performed by  
            the customer or a person specifically selected by the customer  
            to disable the kill switch and not by any retail seller of the  
            device.

          6.Applies the kill switch requirement to any device "sold at  
            retail" from a location within the state or shipped to any  
            person at an address within the state, but provides an  
            exception if a device is both manufactured prior to January 1,  
            2015, or originally sold outside of California, and resold in  
            California "on the secondary market" or consigned and held as  
            collateral on a loan.

          7.States that "Sold in California" does not include a device  
            that is resold in the state on the secondhand market or that  
            is consigned and held as collateral on a loan.

           Background
           
          As smartphones continue to transform all aspects of modern life,  
          they also have caused a crime epidemic.  More than 90% of all  
          Americans own a mobile device, and nearly 60% a smartphone.  The  
          high resale value of smartphones and other hand-held mobile  
          devices like tablets, and their relatively small size, make them  
          prime targets for thieves.  Many published reports document a  
          dramatic increase of smartphone theft.  According to reports  
          summarized by the San Francisco District Attorney's Office:

           Most robberies now involve the theft of a smartphone;

           In 2012, more than 50% of all robberies in San Francisco and  
            75% in Oakland involved the theft of a mobile device; and

           An estimated 1.6 million Americans were victimized for their  
            smartphones in 2012.

          The Federal Communications Commission, law enforcement, and  
          industry collaborated on efforts to address the problem in 2012.  
           These included providing consumers more security options on  
          devices and automatic prompts to establish passwords and  
          launching a public education campaign urging consumers to use  
          security apps that enable them to remotely locate, lock and wipe  
          devices.  A national database was established to help prevent  
          lost or stolen phones from being reactivated.  Wireless carriers  







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          use the database to check whether a device presented to them has  
          been reported lost or stolen and, if so, will not allow service  
          to be established.  Its effectiveness depends on consumers  
          reporting a lost or stolen phone.  Industry reports that efforts  
          are underway to link more foreign carriers and countries to the  
          database.  Without that international cooperation, stolen phones  
          resold in foreign countries continue to have value.

          Industry continues to introduce new and more sophisticated  
          security solutions for consumers.  These include options such as  
          Apple's "Find My iPhone" with "Activation Lock" feature that  
          allows a person who has lost or stolen an iPhone to remotely log  
          into a hosted platform and send a signal to lock the device and  
          make it unusable without the original owner's security passcode  
          established when the device was purchased.  Other solutions  
          include Samsung's "Reactivation Lock" and Android's "Lo Jack."   
          Some solutions are built into the device or downloaded as an  
          app, some with a fee.

           FISCAL EFFECT :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/9/14)

          San Francisco, District Attorney George Gascón (source)
          Alameda County, District Attorney Nancy O'Malley
          Associated Students of the University of California
          Association of Orange County Deputy Sheriffs
          BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit)
          BART Police
          California District Attorneys Association
          California Fraternal Order of Police
          California Police Chiefs Association
          California Transit Association
          Cities of Berkeley, Emeryville, Los Angeles, Oakland, San Diego,  
          and Santa Ana
          Consumer Action
          Consumer Federation of California
          Consumers Union
          Hayward, Police Chief Diane Urban
          Long Beach Police Officers Association
          Los Angeles County Professional Peace Officers Association
          Los Angeles, Mayor Eric Garcetti
          Los Angeles, Police Chief Charlie Beck







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          Metropolitan Police Department
          Neighborhood Crime Prevention Councils of Oakland
          Oakland, City Council President Pro-Tempore Rebecca Kaplan
          Oakland, City Councilman Dan Kalb
          Oakland, Mayor Jean Quan
          Oakland, Police Chief Sean Whent
          Sacramento County Deputy Sheriffs Association
          San Francisco, Mayor Ed Lee
          San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency
          San Francisco, Police Chief Greg Suhr
          Santa Ana Police Officers Association
          Secure Our Smartphones Coalition
          Temescal Merchants Association
          The Utility Reform Network

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  4/9/14)

          Microsoft
          Silicon Valley Chamber of Commerce
          TechNet


          JG:e  4/24/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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