BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  SB 992
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          Date of Hearing:   June 18, 2014

               ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
                                   Ed Chau, Chair
                     SB 992 (Nielsen) - As Amended:  May 28, 2014

           SENATE VOTE  :   36-0
           
          SUBJECT  :   Common interest developments: property use and  
          maintenance

           SUMMARY  :    Prohibits an HOA from imposing a fine or assessment  
          against a member who reduces or eliminates watering of  
          vegetation or lawns during any period during which the Governor  
          or has declared an emergency due to drought.  Includes an  
          urgency clause. 

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Authorizes the Governor to declare a state of emergency in an  
            area affected or likely to be affected by drought conditions.  
            (Government Code Section 8625 and 8558)  

          2)Directs the Governor to declare the termination of a state of  
            emergency at the earliest possible date that conditions  
            warrant, and all powers, granted by the Governor terminate  
            with the declaration. (Government Code Section 8629) 

          3)Authorizes a local government to proclaim, by ordinance, a  
            state of emergency due to drought conditions. (Government Code  
            Section  8558 and 8630)

          4)Defines the governing documents of a CID to mean the  
            declaration, and any other documents such as the bylaws,  
            operating rules of the association, articles of incorporation,  
            or articles of association, which govern the operation of the  
            CID or HOA. (Civil Code Section 4150) 

          5)Makes the governing documents of a CID void and unenforceable  
            if they do any of the following:

             a)   Prohibit or include conditions that have the effect of  
               prohibiting low water-using plants as a group;

             b)   Restrict compliance with a water-efficient landscape  








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               ordinance adopted by a local government; or

             c)   Prohibit compliance with any regulation or restriction  
               on the use of water due to severe water shortage.    (Civil  
               Code Section 4735) 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None
           
          COMMENTS  :   

          There are over 49,000 CIDs in the state that range in size from  
          three to 27,000 units. CIDs make up over 4.9 million housing  
          units which represents approximately one quarter of the state's  
          housing stock.  CIDs include condominiums, community apartment  
          projects, housing cooperatives, and planned unit developments.   
          They are characterized by a separate ownership of dwelling space  
          coupled with an undivided interest in a common property,  
          covenants and conditions that limit the use of common area,  
          separate ownership interests, the management of common property,  
          and enforcement of restrictions by a HOA. CIDs are governed by  
          the Davis Stirling Act as well as the governing documents of the  
          HOA including bylaws, declaration, and operating rules. 
           
          CIDs and droughts  :  Under existing law the governing documents  
          of a CID cannot prohibit a homeowner from installing low  
          water-using plants as a group.  In addition, HOAs cannot prevent  
          a homeowner from installing landscaping that complies with a  
          city's or county's water-efficient landscape ordinance or from  
          complying with any restrictions on watering that a city or  
          county adopts in response to severe water shortages.  There is  
          nothing that prohibits an HOA from requiring a homeowner to  
          water their lawn in a case where the Governor has declared a  
          drought but there is no local ordinance restricting water use.   
          SB 992 would make it clear that if the Governor declared a state  
          of emergency due to a drought that homeowners could stop  
          watering their lawns without being fined by the HOA.   The bill  
          does not prevent a HOA from fining a homeowner if they do not  
          maintain their yard or comply with requirements in state law to  
          keep weeds and vegetation at a minimum in high fire areas.   
          Existing law requires the Governor to declare an end to a state  
          of emergency, in this case a drought, as soon as conditions  
          warrant it.

          In the beginning of this year, due to record low rainfall, the  
          Governor declared a drought emergency. The governor's  








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          declaration called on residents to voluntarily reduce water  
          consumption by 20 percent. Local governments have authority to  
          declare a state of emergency through an ordinance.  Many cities  
          have enacted ordinances to restrict watering lawns to a  
          specified number of days per week during the drought.  

          The Governor issued the following directive in a subsequent  
          declaration:

               "Homeowners Associations (commonly known as HOAs) have  
               reportedly fined or threatened to fine homeowners who  
               comply with water conservation measures adopted by a public  
               agency or private water company. To prevent this practice,  
               pursuant to Government Code section 8567, I order that any  
               provision of the governing document, architectural or  
               landscaping guidelines, or policies of a common interest  
               development will be void and unenforceable to the extent it  
               has the effect of prohibiting compliance with the  
               water-saving measures contained in this directive, or any  
               conservation measure adopted by a public agency or private  
               water company, any provision of Division 4, Part 5  
               (commencing with section 4000) of the Civil Code  
               notwithstanding."


           Related legislation :   This bill is almost identical to AB 2100  
          (Campos) which passed out of this committee 7-0.
           
          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION :

           Support 
           
          California Association of Realtors
          California Landscape Contractors Association (CLCA)
          East Bay Municipal Utility District 
          The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California

           
            Opposition 
           
          None on file

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Lisa Engel / H. & C.D. / (916) 319-2085  










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