BILL ANALYSIS Ó ----------------------------------------------------------------- |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE | AB 47| |Office of Senate Floor Analyses | | |(916) 651-1520 Fax: (916) | | |327-4478 | | ----------------------------------------------------------------- THIRD READING Bill No: AB 47 Author: McCarty (D), et al. Amended: 7/2/15 in Senate Vote: 21 SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE: 6-1, 7/8/15 AYES: Liu, Hancock, Leyva, Monning, Pan, Vidak NOES: Runner NO VOTE RECORDED: Block, Mendoza SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE: 5-2, 8/27/15 AYES: Lara, Beall, Hill, Leyva, Mendoza NOES: Bates, Nielsen ASSEMBLY FLOOR: 56-22, 6/3/15 - See last page for vote SUBJECT: State preschool program SOURCE: Author DIGEST: This bill requires by January 1, 2017, all eligible children that qualify for the state preschool program, to have access to the program the year before they enter kindergarten if their parents wish to enroll them, contingent upon the appropriation of sufficient funding in the annual Budget Act for this purpose. ANALYSIS: Existing law: 1)Establishes the California state preschool program for AB 47 Page 2 purposes of providing part-day and full-day developmentally appropriate programs designed to facilitate the transition to kindergarten for three- and four-year old children in educational development, health services, social services, nutritional services, parent education and participation, evaluation, and staff development. (Education Code § 8235) 2)Provides that three- and four-year old children are eligible for state preschool if the family meets one of the following: a) Current CalWORKs recipient. b) Income eligible. c) Children are recipients of protective services (abused, neglected, exploited or at risk of being abused, neglected or exploited). (EC § 8235) 3)Provides that three- and four-year olds are eligible for wraparound child care services to supplement part-day state preschool if the family is eligible for state preschool and the parents need care for at least one of the following reasons: a) The child is a recipient of protective services, or at risk. b) The parents are engaged in vocational training, as specified, employed or seeking employment, seeking permanent housing, or are incapacitated. (EC § 8239) 4)Defines "transitional kindergarten" as the first year of a two-year kindergarten program that uses a modified kindergarten curriculum that is age and developmentally appropriate. (EC § 48000(d)) This bill: 1)Requires by January 1, 2017, all eligible children who do not have access to transitional kindergarten or the federal Head Start, to have access to the state preschool program the year before they enter kindergarten if their parents so choose. AB 47 Page 3 2)Makes funding contingent upon the appropriation of sufficient funding in the annual Budget Act for this purpose. 3)Declares legislative intent that all low-income children have access to either state preschool or transitional kindergarten and funds provided for this purpose should be used to expand full-day, full-year preschool for all eligible low-income children who otherwise would not be served. 4)States legislative findings and declarations relative to improving school readiness and performance through high-quality preschool and the value of the state's investment into high-quality preschool programs. Comments 1)Need for the bill. According to research provided by the author, early intervention in a child's education increases cognitive, language, social and emotional development and investing in quality, early education is highly effective in promoting student academic success. The author contends that despite the state's commitment to fund early childhood learning and child development in the 2014-15 Budget Act, the California Department of Education (CDE) received over 32,000 applications for state preschool and could not meet the demand. This bill seeks expand the state preschool program to ensure that all eligible low-income families have access to this service. 2)Existing programs for three- and four- year olds. The state preschool program provides both part-day and full-day services that offer age and developmentally appropriate curriculum to children. The program prioritizes four-year-olds for enrollment and may serve three-year-olds if space is available after enrolling all eligible four-year-olds. The state preschool program also provides meals and snacks to children, parent education, referrals to health and social services for families, and staff development opportunities to employees. The program is administered through local educational agencies (LEAs), colleges, community-action agencies, and private nonprofit agencies. State preschool can be offered at a child care center, a family child care network home, a school district, or a county office of education. LEAs provide preschool programs serving approximately two-thirds of all AB 47 Page 4 children enrolled in state preschool. While not all school districts offer state preschool, most school districts offer transitional kindergarten to some four-year-olds. Transitional kindergarten currently serves "older" four-year-olds and "young" five-year-olds who have their fifth birthday after the cut-off date for kindergarten (between October 2 and December 2 for the current school year, and between September 2 and December 2 beginning with the 2014-15 school year). Eligibility for transitional kindergarten is limited to this cohort of students because they would have been eligible for kindergarten under the previous entry-age. Head Start and Early Head Start programs support children from birth to age 5, in centers, child care partner locations, and in their own homes. Three- and four-year-old preschoolers made up over 80 percent of the children served by Head Start last year. Early Head Start services are provided for at least six hours per day and Head Start preschool services may be half-day or full-day. Like state preschool, Head Start provides wraparound services that include early learning, health, and family well-being. Head Start programs prioritize enrollment for children in foster care, children with disabilities, and children whose families are homeless. California's Head Start program is the largest in the nation and is administered through a system of 74 grantees and 88 delegate agencies. The majority of these agencies also have contracts with CDE, to administer general child care and/or State Preschool programs. Many of the programs are located at the same site. This bill aims to provide preschool to low-income families, who are not served by Transitional Kindergarten, federal Head Start, or State Preschool programs a year before enrolling in kindergarten. As mentioned, the existing state preschool program prioritizes four-year-olds for enrollment and may serve three-year-olds if space is available. It's unclear if the provisions in this bill would require access for all eligible three-year-olds. This bill does not appropriate funds for this purpose but makes the expansion of preschool to all eligible children contingent upon the appropriation of sufficient funding in the annual budget act. This bill does not mandate preschool rather it attempts to provide a space for those children whose parents wish to enroll them. AB 47 Page 5 3)Full day. This bill expresses legislative intent for funding for preschool to be used to provide services for eligible children, including augmenting state preschool to provide full-day, full-year learning for participants. 4)Related Budget activity. The 2015 Budget Act restores funding for 7,030 full-day preschool slots effective January 1, 2016, of which 5,830 are for LEAs and 1,200 are for non-LEA providers. The estimated cost for these slots is $34.3 million ($30.9 million Proposition 98). Finally, the budget agreement includes $12.1 million in Proposition 98 funds for 2,500 additional part-day preschool slots. FISCAL EFFECT: Appropriation: No Fiscal Com.:YesLocal: No According to the Senate Appropriations Committee: Cost pressures in the low hundreds of millions to provide all eligible children that do not have access to the transitional kindergarten or the federal Head Start program access to the state preschool program the year before they enter kindergarten. A separate provision in the bill that provides Legislative intent for state preschool expansion could create cost pressures of over one billion depending on its interpretation. See staff comments. (General Fund and Proposition 98) Administrative costs to CDE of 8.0 positions and about $917,000, including travel costs for additional site visits. (General Fund) SUPPORT: (Verified 8/28/15) Insurance Commissioner Dave Jones Advancement Project Association of California School Administrators Bay Area Council Butte County Office of Education AB 47 Page 6 California Association for Bilingual Education California Association for the Education of Young Children California Catholic Conference, Inc. California Federation of Teachers California State PTA California School Employees Association Californians Together Children's Network Children Now Compton Unified School District Common Sense Kids Action Congregation Beth AM Early Edge California Fight Crime Invest in Kids California Frist 5 California Frist 5 Fresno County Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce LAUP Los Angeles Unified School District Los Angeles Universal Preschool Lutheran Office of Public Policy California National Association of Social Workers North Bay Leadership Council Monterey County Board of Supervisors Sacramento County office of Education Santa Barbara Unified Santa Clara County Office of Education SEIU Local 1000 Silicon Valley Community Foundation United Way OPPOSITION: (Verified8/28/15) California Right to Life Committee, Inc. ASSEMBLY FLOOR: 56-22, 6/3/15 AYES: Alejo, Bloom, Bonilla, Bonta, Brown, Burke, Calderon, Campos, Chau, Chávez, Chiu, Chu, Cooley, Cooper, Dababneh, Daly, Dodd, Eggman, Frazier, Cristina Garcia, Eduardo Garcia, Gatto, Gipson, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gray, Roger Hernández, Holden, Irwin, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Lopez, Low, AB 47 Page 7 Maienschein, McCarty, Medina, Mullin, Nazarian, O'Donnell, Patterson, Perea, Quirk, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Santiago, Mark Stone, Thurmond, Ting, Weber, Williams, Wood, Atkins NOES: Achadjian, Travis Allen, Baker, Bigelow, Brough, Dahle, Beth Gaines, Gallagher, Grove, Hadley, Harper, Jones, Kim, Lackey, Mathis, Mayes, Melendez, Obernolte, Steinorth, Wagner, Waldron, Wilk NO VOTE RECORDED: Chang, Olsen Prepared by:Olgalilia Ramirez / ED. / (916) 651-4105 8/30/15 19:48:55 **** END ****