BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING


          ACR  
          97 (Bonilla)


          As Amended  September 1, 2015


          Majority vote


           ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Committee       |Votes|Ayes                  |Noes                 |
          |                |     |                      |                     |
          |                |     |                      |                     |
          |                |     |                      |                     |
          |----------------+-----+----------------------+---------------------|
          |Business &      |14-0 |Bonilla, Jones,       |                     |
          |Professions     |     |Baker, Bloom, Campos, |                     |
          |                |     |Chang, Dodd, Eggman,  |                     |
          |                |     |Gatto, Holden,        |                     |
          |                |     |Mullin, Ting, Wilk,   |                     |
          |                |     |Wood                  |                     |
          |                |     |                      |                     |
          |                |     |                      |                     |
           ------------------------------------------------------------------- 


          SUMMARY:  Urges both private and public medical training  
          institutions to provide equal access to, and to work toward  
          greater acceptance and integration of, training and education  
          programs for both Osteopathic Physicians (DOs) and Allopathic  
          Physicians (MDs).  Specifically, this bill:


          1)Declares the following:
             a)   California has a significant shortage and inequitable  








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               distribution of physicians throughout the state due to the  
               aging population, current population growth and the  
               increasing number of insured; 
             b)   According to a study by the Robert Graham Center in  
               2013, it was estimated that the state would need 8,243 more  
               primary care physicians by 2030 - a 32% increase of its  
               current workforce;


             c)   The state's ability to meet the need for primary care  
               DOs and MDs is directly affected by the number of medical  
               residency slots available in physician training programs  
               across the state, and the current number of graduate  
               medical education slots must be increased substantially; 


             d)   DOs are one of the fastest growing segments of health  
               care professionals in the United States:  by 2016, more  
               than 100,000 DOs are expected to be in active medical  
               practice; 


             e)   Approximately 60% of practicing DOs specialize in  
               primary care fields such as family medicine, internal  
               medicine, and pediatrics and many DOs fill a critical need  
               by practicing in rural and other medically underserved  
               areas; 


             f)   Beginning in 2020, DO and MD residency programs will be  
               overseen by a single unified accrediting body;


             g)   Quality medical training for DO and MD students is  
               critical to their success as fully trained and licensed  
               physicians and all medical schools should provide the  
               support necessary for their students to receive the best  
               possible medical training; 









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             h)   Many public and private institutions have provided equal  
               access to the application process for their medical  
               training programs by all students and physicians, and have  
               trained exemplary DO and MD students by choosing those  
               candidates who best suit their programs; 


             i)   In many areas of the state there are outstanding  
               examples of medical training programs that have been  
               integrated effectively and are providing DO and MD students  
               with exceptional training opportunities;


             j)   Business and Professions Code (BPC) Section 2064.2  
               states that no medical school or clinical training program  
               can deny access to elective clerkships or preceptorships in  
               any medical school or clinical training program in this  
               state solely on the basis that a student is enrolled in an  
               osteopathic medical school; and, 


             aa)  BPC Section 2453 states that it is the policy of the  
               state that holders of DO degrees and MD degrees shall be  
               accorded equal professional status and privileges as  
               licensed physicians and surgeons.


          2)Resolves that the Legislature urges both private and public  
            medical training institutions in the state to provide equal  
            access to DO and MD students to apply to training programs  
            while still maintaining the integrity and competitiveness of  
            their application process and the need to first serve enrolled  
            students.
          3)Resolves that the Legislature urges osteopathic medical  
            schools, allopathic medical schools, and training institutions  
            to build on current successes of working toward greater  
            collaboration and coordination of education and training for  
            California's future physicians and for these medical schools  








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            to develop a plan to adequately support medical training for  
            their students and create positive partnerships with medical  
            training programs that are open to both DO and MD students and  
            graduates.


          4)Resolves that the Legislatures urges efforts by training  
            institutions and DO and MD medical schools to work toward  
            greater acceptance and integration of DO and MD students in  
            their medical training programs.


          5)Resolves the Chief Clerk of the Assembly transmit copies of  
            this resolution to the author for appropriate distribution. 


          FISCAL EFFECT:  None.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal by the  
          Legislative Counsel.  


          COMMENTS:


          Purpose.  This resolution is sponsored by the Osteopathic  
          Physicians and Surgeons of California.  According to the author,  
          "California has a significant shortage and inequitable  
          distribution of physicians throughout the state due to the aging  
          population, population growth, and increasing number of insured.  
           Because of this, it is imperative that the state's training  
          institutions find ways to increase the accessibility and  
          availability of their training programs for all medical students  
          - working together with allopathic and osteopathic medical  
          schools to grow and enhance access to the great programs they  
          provide."


          Osteopathic Physicians.  DOs are similar to MDs in that both are  
          considered to be "complete physicians."  A key difference  
          between the two professions is that DOs have an additional  








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          dimension in their training and practice, one not taught in  
          medical schools which grant MD degrees.  Both DOs and MDs take  
          the prescribed amount of pre-medical training, graduate from an  
          undergraduate institution with an emphasis on science courses,  
          and receive four years of training in medical school.   
          Specifically, DOs must possess a Doctorate of Osteopathic  
          Medicine Degree from an accredited osteopathic medical school,  
          complete one year of post-graduate training, which includes at  
          least four months of general medicine, and complete all levels  
          of the National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners'  
          Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination.  




          The same laws govern the required training for DOs and MDs who  
          are licensed in California.  In recognition of this fact, BPC  
          Section 2453 states: "?it is the policy of this State that  
          holders of MD degrees and DO degrees shall be accorded equal  
          professional status and privileges as licensed physicians and  
          surgeons."  Licensing examinations for DOs are also comparable  
          in rigor and comprehensiveness to those given to MDs.  



          Training Programs.  Prior to DO or MD students completing their  
          medical school education and entering into residency programs,  
          they must first complete the degree requirements for medical  
          school which may include elective clerkships.  As part of  
          osteopathic medical school education, after successful  
          completion of the first two years of classroom-based education,  
          DO students are eligible to apply for elective clerkships as  
          part of their medical school curriculum.  These clerkships are  
          often "hands-on" rotations which help inform many students about  
          the area or areas of medicine in which they would like to  
          practice.  Many DO students will apply for these elective  
          courses at training institutions outside of the two osteopathic  
          medical schools in California.  According to the author, in the  
          last year, there have been a number of training institutions  








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          that have specifically excluded DO students from applying to  
          their programs for elective clerkships or rotations.  Further,  
          the author notes that there was a fee differential for DO  
          students who applied for these programs compared to their MD  
          counterparts.  Also, it was noted that DO student applicants  
          were required to have a higher United States Medical Licensing  
          Examination score compared to their MD counterparts.  



          BPC Section 2064.2 states that no medical school or clinical  
          training program shall deny access to elective clerkships or  
          training programs solely on the basis that a student is enrolled  
          in an osteopathic medical school.  While this does not require  
          institutions to accept DO students, it makes it clear that DO  
          students should not be denied access to these elective programs  
          solely based on their choice of medical education.  



          In an effort to encourage equity for both allopathic and  
          osteopathic medical students who are entering into training  
          programs, this resolution simply urges both public and private  
          medical training institutions to provide equal access to both  
          osteopathic and allopathic students in applying for training  
          programs and urges training institutions, along with allopathic  
          and osteopathic medical schools, to work together toward greater  
          acceptance and integration of its osteopath and allopath  
          students.  



          Analysis Prepared by:                                             
                          Elissa Silva / B. & P. / (916) 319-3301  FN:  
          0001899












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