BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                     AB 141


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          Date of Hearing:  March 25, 2015


                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION


                              Patrick O'Donnell, Chair


          AB 141  
          (Bonilla) - As Introduced January 9, 2015


          SUBJECT:  Teacher credentialing:  beginning teacher induction  
          programs


          SUMMARY:  Requires a school district or county office of  
          education (COE) to provide a beginning teacher induction program  
          and prohibits a school district or COE from charging a beginning  
          teacher a fee to participate in the induction program.   
          Specifically, this bill:  


          1)Prohibits a local educational agency (LEA) or a school  
            district from charging a fee to a beginning teacher to  
            participate in an alternative program of beginning teacher  
            induction.


          2)Commencing with hiring for the 2016-17 school year, and each  
            school year thereafter, a school district or COE that hires a  
            beginning teacher shall provide that beginning teacher with a  
            program of beginning teacher induction. 


          3)Prohibits a fee from being charged to a beginning teacher to  
            participate in induction for LEAs receiving Beginning Teacher  
            Support and Assessment (BTSA) program grant funding.








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          EXISTING LAW: 


          1)Requires a teacher to complete one of the following beginning  
            teacher induction programs in order to obtain a clear multiple  
            or single subject teaching credential:


             a)   A program of beginning teacher support and assessment  
               approved by the commission and the Superintendent, a  
               provision of the Marian Bergeson Beginning Teacher Support  
               and Assessment System.


             b)   An alternative program of beginning teacher induction  
               that is provided by one or more local educational agencies  
               and has been approved by the commission and the  
               Superintendent on the basis of initial review and periodic  
               evaluations of the program in relation to appropriate  
               standards of credential program quality and effectiveness  
               that have been adopted by the commission, the  
               Superintendent, and the state board. 


             c)   An alternative program of beginning teacher induction  
               that is sponsored by a regionally accredited college or  
               university, in cooperation with one or more local school  
               districts, that addresses the individual professional needs  
               of beginning teachers and meets the commission's standards  
               of induction. 





          2)Specifies that if a candidate satisfies the requirements,  
            including completion of an accredited internship program of  








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            professional preparation, and if that internship program  
            fulfills induction standards and is approved, the commission  
            shall determine that the candidate has fulfilled the induction  
            requirements.





          3)Specifies that if an approved induction program is verified as  
            unavailable to a beginning teacher, or if the beginning  
            teacher is required under the federal No Child Left Behind Act  
            to complete subject matter coursework to be qualified for a  
            teaching assignment, the commission shall accept completion of  
            an approved clear credential program after completion of a  
            baccalaureate degree at a regionally accredited institution as  
            fulfilling the induction requirements.


          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown


          COMMENTS:  Commencing with hiring for the 2016-17 school year,  
          this bill requires a school district or COE hiring a beginning  
          teacher to provide that teacher with an induction program.  
          Additionally, this bill prohibits a LEA from charging a fee to a  
          beginning teacher to participate in an induction program. 

          Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment (BTSA) Background:   
          According to the Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC),  
          induction for new teachers in California has evolved in  
          significant ways over its 25 year history.  The BTSA program was  
          established as a result of a pilot study conducted during  
          1988-1992 by the CTC and the California Department of Education  
          (CDE). This pilot study, known as the California New Teacher  
          Project demonstrated that the state could increase beginning  
          teacher retention, success and effectiveness, by providing all  
          new teachers with structured mentoring and support.  After  
          considerable legislative discussion of the pilot project report,  








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          the Governor and the Legislature established the BTSA Program in  
          the 1992-93 State Budget.  At that time, the program was a grant  
          program designed to support new teachers and was not a  
          credential requirement for teachers.

          The successes of the California New Teacher Project grant  
          programs influenced the CTC
          appointed Advisory Panel which conducted a review of the  
          requirements for earning and renewing teaching credentials.  
          Their recommendations were embodied in the passage of SB
          2042 (Chap. 548, Stats. 1998), which created a two-tiered  
          teaching credential system, significantly changed the BTSA  
          program by establishing induction as the second tier in
          California's teacher preparation and credentialing system and  
          instituting the completion of a standards based induction  
          program as a path toward the Clear Credential for Multiple and  
          Single
          Subject credentials. 

          In 2004, the Legislature mandated a CTC-approved Induction  
          program, if available, as the required route for Multiple and  
          Single Subject teachers to obtain a clear teaching credential.  
          Legislation clarified that, if an induction program is verified  
          as unavailable by a beginning teacher's employer or the teacher  
          needed to complete content area coursework for
          No Child Left Behind (NCLB), then the teacher may complete a  
          Commission-approved Clear Credential program sponsored by a  
          college or university.

          From 1995 until 2009 BTSA Induction programs operated with  
          dedicated annual funding based on a per-participating teacher  
          allocation (with a required LEA in-kind match). In February 2009  
          the State Budget provided LEAs with spending flexibility. LEAs  
          were able to use funds from about 40 categorical programs,  
          including the Teacher Credentialing Block Grant of which the  
          BTSA Induction program was a part, for any educational purpose  
          for a five year period. This statute created greater program  
          funding flexibility and removed the in-kind requirement but  
          continued the funding to local education agencies that sponsor  








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          CTC approved BTSA Induction programs.
          
          Since the 2009 onset of flexible funding provisions, a number of  
          Commission-approved programs have become inactive or withdrawn  
          since the per-participant funding ended. Of specific interest in  
          terms of statewide program equity, access and parity is the  
          issue of induction programs charging beginning teachers to  
          participate. The induction programs sponsored by colleges or  
          universities have always charged tuition. A few LEA-based  
          induction programs were approved by the Commission after 2009  
          and never received any per participant state funding. These  
          programs, sponsored by charter schools, have always charged  
          candidates. An additional reality that appears to be surfacing  
          is the fact that some programs are "capping" the number of new  
          teachers they will serve, resulting in inequities within a  
          district as some new teachers receive induction services and  
          others are faced with having to search and pay for induction  
          services outside of their district or teach, largely  
          unsupported, in a classroom for a year or more until they reach  
          the top of the program's waiting list. 

          According to the author, some districts and COEs are requiring  
          teachers to pay for their participation in induction programs,  
          placing heavy financial burdens on teachers just starting their  
          careers. According to data collected by the CTC, induction  
          providers are charging new teachers up to $2,500 a year for the  
          two-year program. The fee is significant for teachers whose  
          profession is underpaid. Furthermore, some school districts are  
          covering the full cost of induction, not putting any additional  
          financial burdens on their new teachers, creating an unequal  
          playing field for teachers who have identical experiences,  
          education, and credentials.  According to data collected by the  
          CTC, induction fee policies vary greatly around the state. Some  
          LEAs continue to offer induction for free to their beginning  
          teachers, while others are charging up to $2,500 a year for the  
          two year program. 

          Induction Options to Obtain a Clear Teaching Credential:   
          Completion of an approved Induction Program is the primary route  








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          to attaining a clear teaching credential. If an employed teacher  
          (employer is defined as a California public school, any school  
          that is sponsored by a private California K12 school, nonpublic,  
          nonsectarian school or agency, charter school, or a school  
          operated under the direction of a California state agency) does  
          not have an Induction Program available to them then the teacher  
          may enroll in a Clear Credential Program. Currently there are 22  
          Commission-approved Clear Credential programs operating in  
          California (3 CSUs, 3 UCs, and 16 private and independent  
          institutions).  

          Induction Fees: The CTC conducted a survey of CTC-approved  
          induction programs and received 126 responses out of 165  
          programs.  Of the survey respondents, 11.5% of LEA sponsored  
          induction programs reported that they charged fees to induction  
          participants in 2014-15. This equates to 2,063 participants who  
          paid fees out of 17,907 total participants at respondent LEAs.  
          Respondents reported the per year fees range from $390 to  
          $3,350.

          Statewide Mandate: This bill requires school districts and COEs  
          to provide beginning teacher induction programs. This means  
          districts and COEs will either have to administer an induction  
          program themselves or partner with another district, COE, or  
          university to administer an induction program for their  
          beginning teachers.  The district or COE will be required to  
          cover the costs of the induction program. In the past, induction  
          programs have been administered as a grant program, and thus no  
          statewide mandate previously existed for school districts to  
          provide induction. Is it possible that some school districts  
          have historically never administered induction programs and  
          therefore do not currently receive LCFF funding for this  
          purpose? Is it fair to ask districts to pay for this cost  
          without any state funding for this purpose, aside from the  
          mandate claims process?


          Charter Schools: It is not clear whether charter schools are  
          included in the provisions of this bill. While charter schools  








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          are considered an employer by the CTC, and they sponsor  
          induction programs, they are not explicitly mentioned in this  
          bill. Staff recommends the bill be amended to specify that  
          charter schools are also required to provide induction programs  
          and are prohibited from charging beginning teachers for those  
          programs.





          Committee Amendments: Staff recommends the bill be amended to  
          move the requirements for a school district or COE to provide a  
          beginning teacher induction program, and the prohibition on  
          charging fees to the beginning teacher to Education Code Section  
          44259 and remove Education Code Sections 44279.1 and 44279.2  
          from the bill, since those Code Sections pertain only to the  
          grant funding for BTSA, which no longer exists. Staff recommends  
          the bill further be amended to clarify that charter schools are  
          included in the provisions of the bill.


          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:




          Support


          California Catholic Conference, Inc.


          California Communities United Institute


          California Teachers Association










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          Public Advocates




          Opposition


          None on file.




          Analysis Prepared by:Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087