BILL ANALYSIS Ó AB 141 Page 1 Date of Hearing: March 25, 2015 ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION Patrick O'Donnell, Chair AB 141 (Bonilla) - As Introduced January 9, 2015 SUBJECT: Teacher credentialing: beginning teacher induction programs SUMMARY: Requires a school district or county office of education (COE) to provide a beginning teacher induction program and prohibits a school district or COE from charging a beginning teacher a fee to participate in the induction program. Specifically, this bill: 1)Prohibits a local educational agency (LEA) or a school district from charging a fee to a beginning teacher to participate in an alternative program of beginning teacher induction. 2)Commencing with hiring for the 2016-17 school year, and each school year thereafter, a school district or COE that hires a beginning teacher shall provide that beginning teacher with a program of beginning teacher induction. 3)Prohibits a fee from being charged to a beginning teacher to participate in induction for LEAs receiving Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment (BTSA) program grant funding. AB 141 Page 2 EXISTING LAW: 1)Requires a teacher to complete one of the following beginning teacher induction programs in order to obtain a clear multiple or single subject teaching credential: a) A program of beginning teacher support and assessment approved by the commission and the Superintendent, a provision of the Marian Bergeson Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment System. b) An alternative program of beginning teacher induction that is provided by one or more local educational agencies and has been approved by the commission and the Superintendent on the basis of initial review and periodic evaluations of the program in relation to appropriate standards of credential program quality and effectiveness that have been adopted by the commission, the Superintendent, and the state board. c) An alternative program of beginning teacher induction that is sponsored by a regionally accredited college or university, in cooperation with one or more local school districts, that addresses the individual professional needs of beginning teachers and meets the commission's standards of induction. 2)Specifies that if a candidate satisfies the requirements, including completion of an accredited internship program of AB 141 Page 3 professional preparation, and if that internship program fulfills induction standards and is approved, the commission shall determine that the candidate has fulfilled the induction requirements. 3)Specifies that if an approved induction program is verified as unavailable to a beginning teacher, or if the beginning teacher is required under the federal No Child Left Behind Act to complete subject matter coursework to be qualified for a teaching assignment, the commission shall accept completion of an approved clear credential program after completion of a baccalaureate degree at a regionally accredited institution as fulfilling the induction requirements. FISCAL EFFECT: Unknown COMMENTS: Commencing with hiring for the 2016-17 school year, this bill requires a school district or COE hiring a beginning teacher to provide that teacher with an induction program. Additionally, this bill prohibits a LEA from charging a fee to a beginning teacher to participate in an induction program. Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment (BTSA) Background: According to the Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC), induction for new teachers in California has evolved in significant ways over its 25 year history. The BTSA program was established as a result of a pilot study conducted during 1988-1992 by the CTC and the California Department of Education (CDE). This pilot study, known as the California New Teacher Project demonstrated that the state could increase beginning teacher retention, success and effectiveness, by providing all new teachers with structured mentoring and support. After considerable legislative discussion of the pilot project report, AB 141 Page 4 the Governor and the Legislature established the BTSA Program in the 1992-93 State Budget. At that time, the program was a grant program designed to support new teachers and was not a credential requirement for teachers. The successes of the California New Teacher Project grant programs influenced the CTC appointed Advisory Panel which conducted a review of the requirements for earning and renewing teaching credentials. Their recommendations were embodied in the passage of SB 2042 (Chap. 548, Stats. 1998), which created a two-tiered teaching credential system, significantly changed the BTSA program by establishing induction as the second tier in California's teacher preparation and credentialing system and instituting the completion of a standards based induction program as a path toward the Clear Credential for Multiple and Single Subject credentials. In 2004, the Legislature mandated a CTC-approved Induction program, if available, as the required route for Multiple and Single Subject teachers to obtain a clear teaching credential. Legislation clarified that, if an induction program is verified as unavailable by a beginning teacher's employer or the teacher needed to complete content area coursework for No Child Left Behind (NCLB), then the teacher may complete a Commission-approved Clear Credential program sponsored by a college or university. From 1995 until 2009 BTSA Induction programs operated with dedicated annual funding based on a per-participating teacher allocation (with a required LEA in-kind match). In February 2009 the State Budget provided LEAs with spending flexibility. LEAs were able to use funds from about 40 categorical programs, including the Teacher Credentialing Block Grant of which the BTSA Induction program was a part, for any educational purpose for a five year period. This statute created greater program funding flexibility and removed the in-kind requirement but continued the funding to local education agencies that sponsor AB 141 Page 5 CTC approved BTSA Induction programs. Since the 2009 onset of flexible funding provisions, a number of Commission-approved programs have become inactive or withdrawn since the per-participant funding ended. Of specific interest in terms of statewide program equity, access and parity is the issue of induction programs charging beginning teachers to participate. The induction programs sponsored by colleges or universities have always charged tuition. A few LEA-based induction programs were approved by the Commission after 2009 and never received any per participant state funding. These programs, sponsored by charter schools, have always charged candidates. An additional reality that appears to be surfacing is the fact that some programs are "capping" the number of new teachers they will serve, resulting in inequities within a district as some new teachers receive induction services and others are faced with having to search and pay for induction services outside of their district or teach, largely unsupported, in a classroom for a year or more until they reach the top of the program's waiting list. According to the author, some districts and COEs are requiring teachers to pay for their participation in induction programs, placing heavy financial burdens on teachers just starting their careers. According to data collected by the CTC, induction providers are charging new teachers up to $2,500 a year for the two-year program. The fee is significant for teachers whose profession is underpaid. Furthermore, some school districts are covering the full cost of induction, not putting any additional financial burdens on their new teachers, creating an unequal playing field for teachers who have identical experiences, education, and credentials. According to data collected by the CTC, induction fee policies vary greatly around the state. Some LEAs continue to offer induction for free to their beginning teachers, while others are charging up to $2,500 a year for the two year program. Induction Options to Obtain a Clear Teaching Credential: Completion of an approved Induction Program is the primary route AB 141 Page 6 to attaining a clear teaching credential. If an employed teacher (employer is defined as a California public school, any school that is sponsored by a private California K12 school, nonpublic, nonsectarian school or agency, charter school, or a school operated under the direction of a California state agency) does not have an Induction Program available to them then the teacher may enroll in a Clear Credential Program. Currently there are 22 Commission-approved Clear Credential programs operating in California (3 CSUs, 3 UCs, and 16 private and independent institutions). Induction Fees: The CTC conducted a survey of CTC-approved induction programs and received 126 responses out of 165 programs. Of the survey respondents, 11.5% of LEA sponsored induction programs reported that they charged fees to induction participants in 2014-15. This equates to 2,063 participants who paid fees out of 17,907 total participants at respondent LEAs. Respondents reported the per year fees range from $390 to $3,350. Statewide Mandate: This bill requires school districts and COEs to provide beginning teacher induction programs. This means districts and COEs will either have to administer an induction program themselves or partner with another district, COE, or university to administer an induction program for their beginning teachers. The district or COE will be required to cover the costs of the induction program. In the past, induction programs have been administered as a grant program, and thus no statewide mandate previously existed for school districts to provide induction. Is it possible that some school districts have historically never administered induction programs and therefore do not currently receive LCFF funding for this purpose? Is it fair to ask districts to pay for this cost without any state funding for this purpose, aside from the mandate claims process? Charter Schools: It is not clear whether charter schools are included in the provisions of this bill. While charter schools AB 141 Page 7 are considered an employer by the CTC, and they sponsor induction programs, they are not explicitly mentioned in this bill. Staff recommends the bill be amended to specify that charter schools are also required to provide induction programs and are prohibited from charging beginning teachers for those programs. Committee Amendments: Staff recommends the bill be amended to move the requirements for a school district or COE to provide a beginning teacher induction program, and the prohibition on charging fees to the beginning teacher to Education Code Section 44259 and remove Education Code Sections 44279.1 and 44279.2 from the bill, since those Code Sections pertain only to the grant funding for BTSA, which no longer exists. Staff recommends the bill further be amended to clarify that charter schools are included in the provisions of the bill. REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION: Support California Catholic Conference, Inc. California Communities United Institute California Teachers Association AB 141 Page 8 Public Advocates Opposition None on file. Analysis Prepared by:Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087